cambodia indonesia laos malaysia myanmar … · vietnam cambodia thailand myanmar laos singapore...

AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN

MATTERS FORASEANAMERICAMATTERS FOR

ASEAN

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · VIETNAM

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · UNITED STATES · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS ·

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONE-

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · UNITED STATES · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM ·

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · UNITED STATES · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA





BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA ·






BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · UNITED STATES · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBO-


AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

AS

EA

N M

AT

TE

RS

FO

R A

ME

RIC

A1

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

The East-West Center promotes better relations and understanding among the people and nations of the United States, Asia, and the Pacific through cooperative study, research, and dialogue. Established by the US Congress in 1960, the Center serves as a resource for information and analysis on critical issues of common concern, bringing people together to exchange views, build expertise, and develop policy options.

For more than 30 years, the US-ASEAN Business Council has been the premier advocacy organization for American corporations operating within the dynamic Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Worldwide, the Council's 150+ member companies generate over $6 trillion in revenue and employ more than 13 million people. Members include the largest US companies conducting business in ASEAN, and range from newcomers to the region to companies that have been working in Southeast Asia for over 100 years. The Council has offices in: Washington, DC; New York, NY; Bangkok, Thailand; Hanoi, Vietnam; Jakarta, Indonesia; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Manila, Philippines; and Singapore.

The ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Nalanda-Sriwijaya Centre (NSC) and the Singapore APEC Study Centre.

ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA/ AMERICA MATTERS FOR ASEANThis project explores the important and multi-faceted relationship between the United States and the 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states. Part of the Asia Matters for America initiative, this publication and its associated website provide tools to explore the strong connections in the US-ASEAN relationship.


Project Team

E AST-W EST C E N T E R I N WAS H I N GTO N

Director: Satu P. Limaye, Ph.D. Coordinators: Caitlin Brophy, Grace Ruch Clegg Research & Content: Orrie Johan, David Lee, Jaichung Lee, Jeesu Lee, Karen Mascariñas, Khun Nyan Min Htet, Kim Meihua Roy, Stephen Shao, Matthew Short, Peter Valente, Sarah Wang, Matthew Wong

US -AS E A N BUS I N ESS COU N C I L

Director: Alexander C. Feldman Coordinators: Kathleen Lunardi, Anthony Nelson Contributors: Elizabeth Dugan, Hai Pham, Artha Sirait, Riley Smith, Matt Solomon, Christopher Wells

Copyright © 2017 East-West Center

2

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

HIG

HL

IGH

TS

3H

IGH

LIG

HT

S3

HighlightsASEAN IN PROFILEThe Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Has the 3rd Largest Population in the World and a GDP of $2.4 TrillionThe 10 countries of ASEAN – Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam – occupy a strategically important position for trade and security in Asia, and together formed the ASEAN Community in 2015.

ASEAN ECONOMY The ASEAN Economic Community Is Currently the 3rd Largest Economy in Asia and the 5th Largest in the WorldWith over $5.3 trillion in global trade transiting through ASEAN each year, the region is a hub for global trade and one of the fastest growing economies in the Asia Pacific.

ASEAN GROWTH PROJECTIONS The ASEAN Economy Is Projected to Grow by Over 5% per Year and Become the 4th Largest Economy in the World by 2050Economic growth is supported by favorable demographics. Almost 380 million people are under age 35 in ASEAN, approximately 20% larger than the entire population of the United States, and the middle class is expected to more than double in size to 334 million by 2030.

THE UNITED STATES AND ASEANASEAN Member States Are Key Diplomatic, Economic, and Security Partners for the USThe US and ASEAN elevated their relationship into a strategic partnership in 2015, and in 2017 celebrated 40 years as dialogue partners. The US participates in the ASEAN-led East Asia Summit (EAS), the ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus), and the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF).

TRADEThe US Exports Over $100 Billion in Goods and Services to ASEANASEAN member states, taken together, rank 4th after Canada, Mexico, and China as a goods exports market for the United States, and the US is the 4th largest trading partner for ASEAN.

AGRICULTUREASEAN Is a Top Ten Destination for US Agricultural ExportsASEAN is the 6th largest importer of US agricultural goods, and the 3rd largest in Asia after China and Japan.

JOBS FROM TRADEAll 50 States Export to ASEAN, Supporting Over Half a Million Jobs in the USEmployment from trade to ASEAN creates over a quarter of a million jobs in California, Texas, Washington, New York, and Illinois alone.

INVESTMENT ASEAN Is the Number One Destination for US Investment in Asia ASEAN has received almost $274 billion in cumulative investment from the United States, more than the US has directed to China, India, Japan, and South Korea combined.

INFRASTRUCTURE ASEAN Has Over $2 Trillion Worth of Infrastructure Investment OpportunitiesInvestment in road, rail, port, airport, power, water, and telecommunications infrastructure is needed across ASEAN in order to maintain economic growth.

DIGITAL ECONOMYASEAN's Digital Economy Is Projected to Grow by 500% and Be Worth $200 Billion by 2025ASEAN has over 700 million active mobile connections, more than the entire population of the region.

TRAVEL AND TOURISMVisitors from ASEAN Add $5 Billion to the US Economy in a YearOver 780,000 people from ASEAN countries visited the US in 2015, while almost 3.5 million Americans visited ASEAN.

ASEAN AMERICANS AND IMMIGRATION 36% of Asian Americans Identify with an ASEAN Ethnicity ASEAN is a major destination for remittances from the US, with both the Philippines and Vietnam among the top five recipients after Mexico, China, and India.

EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ASEAN Students Contribute $1.7 Billion to the US Economy in a Year Over 5,700 US students studied abroad in ASEAN, while 55,000 students from ASEAN studied in the US.

SISTER PARTNERSHIPS92 Sister Relationships between the US and ASEAN Build Civic and People-to-People Connections With 70 sister cities and 22 sister state or sister county connections, these ties between the US and ASEAN link seven ASEAN countries to 22 US states.

STATES & CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS 20 US States Send Over $1 Billion in Goods Exports to ASEAN Each Year Over half of US congressional districts export more than $100 million in goods to ASEAN.

4

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

AS

EA

N IN

PR

OF

ILE

5

ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN)ASEAN Secretariat: Jakarta, Indonesia Population: 630 million Chair rotates annually among member states. The ASEAN Economic Community was formed on December 31, 2015.

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan Population: 0.4 million Member Since: 1984 US-Brunei treaty relations have been active since 1850.

INDONESIA Capital: Jakarta Population: 255 million Member Since: 1967 Indonesia, the world’s 4th largest country by population, formed a strategic partnership with the US in 2015.

CAMBODIACapital: Phnom Penh Population: 15.5 million Member Since: 1999 The United States is the largest purchaser of Cambodia's exports.

LAOS Capital: Vientiane Population: 7 million Member Since: 1997 In 2016, Barack Obama became the first sitting US President to visit Laos.

Paci�c Ocean

Philippine Sea

East China Sea

South China SeaBay of Bengal

Indian Ocean

BRUNEI

PHILIPPINES

VIETNAM

CAMBODIA

THAILAND

MYANMAR

LAOS

SINGAPORE

MALAYSIA

INDONESIA

AUSTRALIA

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

TIMOR-LESTE

TAIWAN

CHINA

JAPAN

SOUTHKOREA

NORTHKOREA

INDIA

INDIA

SRI LANKA

NEPALBHUTAN

BANGLADESH

Malacca Strait

Sunda Strait

Lombok Strait

ASEAN IS AT THE CENTER OF A DYNAMIC ASIA PACIFIC REGION

Source: International Monetary Fund 2015 data. Numbers rounded throughout. All monetary values are in US$. References to the European Union (EU) includes all 28 member states as of 2016. Whenever possible, most recent available data is used.

MALAYSIACapital: Kuala Lumpur Population: 31 million Member Since: 1967 The United States is the largest investor in Malaysia.

SINGAPORE Capital: Singapore Population: 5.5 million Member Since: 1967 Singapore was the first US bilateral free trade partner in Asia.

MYANMAR (BURMA) Capital: Nay Pyi Taw Population: 51.8 million Member Since: 1997 The US restored full diplomatic relations in 2012 and removed all sanctions in 2016.

THAILAND Capital: Bangkok Population: 68.8 million Member Since: 1967 Thailand is America’s oldest treaty partner in Asia, dating from 1833.

THE PHILIPPINES Capital: Manila Population: 102 millionMember Since: 1967 The largest ethnic Filipino population outside the Philippines is in the United States.

VIETNAM Capital: Hanoi Population: 91.7 million Member Since: 1995 Since 1995, US trade with Vietnam grew 100-fold to $45 billion.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Has the 3rd Largest Population in the World and a GDP of $2.4 TrillionThe Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a 10-member regional bloc with a combined GDP of $2.4 trillion, a population of 630 million, and a land mass covering more than 1.7 million square miles. Founded in 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, ASEAN has since expanded to include Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), and Vietnam. ASEAN holds semiannual ASEAN Summits, numerous ministerial meetings, and convenes Asia Pacific powers to discuss security and political issues.

ASEAN seeks to promote economic growth and regional stability among its members through consultation, consensus, and cooperation based on the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC). By combining the member states’ influence, ASEAN has been able to affect Asia Pacific economic, political, and security trends to a much greater degree than its members could achieve individually. ASEAN’s community building effort comprises three pillars: the Political-Security Community; Economic Community; and Socio-Cultural Community.

asean.org

6

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

AS

EA

N E

CO

NO

MY

7

CHINA$11.2t

INDIA$2t

TAIWAN$523b

ASEAN$2.4t

JAPAN$4.1t

SOUTHKOREA

$1.4t

AUSTRALIA$1.2t

LEGEND:b - Billions t - Trillions

Myanmar$63bCambodia$18bBrunei Darussalam$13bLaos$12b

Indonesia$859b

Thailand$395b

Malaysia$296b

Singapore$293b

Philippines$292b

Vietnam$191b

The ASEAN Economic Community Is Currently the 3rd Largest Economy in Asia and the 5th Largest in the WorldThe ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) has a combined GDP of $2.4 trillion, and is the 3rd fastest growing major Asian economy after China and India. The AEC seeks to reduce or remove many trade barriers within the region with the goal to facilitate the free movement of goods, services, capital, and skilled labor within the bloc. A single customs window has already been created, with support from the US, while regional agreements to facilitate the movement of ASEAN nationals are also being developed.

ASEAN has five regional free trade agreements (FTAs) with: Australia/New Zealand; China; Japan; South Korea; and India. Singapore is the only member state to conclude FTAs with both the US and European Union (EU).

PER CAPITA GDP

REAL GDP GROWTHASEAN is one of the fastest growing economies in the Asia Pacific from 2006 to 2015

GDP COMPARISONSASEAN’s GDP compared to other major Asia Pacific economies

Source: International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook, 2015 data * Global GDP rankings include the EU as a single entity Note: Real GDP growth was calculated in constant 2010 US$ using World Bank methodology For further information on our methodology please visit AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN

0 $10k $20k $30k $40k $50k $60k

BruneiCambodiaIndonesia

LaosMalaysia

MyanmarPhilippinesSingapore

ThailandUnited States

Vietnam

$30,993$1,144

$3,362$1,787

$9,501$1,213

$2,863

$5,742

$2,088$56,084

$52,888

0%

30%

60%

90%

120%

150%

66%

31%

149%

107%

5%

42% 40%15% 10%

ASEAN AustraliaChina EUIndia JapanSouthKorea

Taiwan US

8

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

AS

EA

N G

RO

WT

H P

RO

JEC

TIO

NS

9

The ASEAN Economy Is Projected to Grow by Over 5% per Year and Become the 4th Largest Economy in the World by 2050With a projected annual growth rate of over 5% a year, ASEAN is forecasted to overtake the EU and Japan to become the 4th largest economy in the world by 2050, behind China, India, and the US.

This growth is supported by favorable demographics. Approximately 60% of ASEAN's population is under the age of 35, and 43% under age 24. ASEAN also has the world’s 3rd largest labor force, trailing only China and India. ASEAN's middle class is expected to more than double in size from 135 million (24% of ASEAN's population) in 2015 to 334 million (51% of the population) in 2030. In 2012 ASEAN crossed the threshold of having over 50% of its population living in urban areas.

PROJECTED ANNUAL GDP GROWTH RATEAverage annual GDP growth (%) (2017-2021)

GLOBAL MIDDLE CLASS*

PROJECTED URBANIZATION

Sources: International Monetary Fund; UN Department of Economic and Social Affair; Homi Kharas, "The Emerging Middle Class in Developing Countries", OECD Development Centre Working Papers, No. 285 *Middle class is defined as those households with daily expenditures between US$10 and US$100 per person in purchasing power parity terms

1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%

China6.0 %

Australia2.9 %

ASEAN5.1 %

Japan0.5 %

South Korea3.0 %

Taiwan2.2 %

US1.9 %

EU1.7 %

India7.8 %

ASEAN

Australia

China

India

Japan

South Korea

Taiwan

US

EUSingapore 100%

Malaysia 86%Brunei 84%Thailand 72%Indonesia 71%

Laos 61%Philippines 56%Myanmar 55%Vietnam 54%

Cambodia 36%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

0

200m

400m

600m

800m

1,000m

1,200m

334m

21m 24m

158m

1,041m

466m458m

1,168m

123m 108m43m 46m 22m 18m

233m208m

63m91m

China EU India Japan South Korea

Taiwan USAustraliaASEAN

2010 Solid

2030 Stripe

LEGEND

10

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

TH

E U

NIT

ED

ST

AT

ES

AN

D A

SE

AN

11

HEADS OF STATE VISITSNumber of official visits by foreign leaders to the US and return visits by US Presidents since 2000*

Sources: US Department of State, Office of the Historian and US Mission to ASEAN *Only officially recognized heads of state/government are counted

PHILIPPINES

VIETNAM

CAMBODIA

THAILAND

LAOS

MALAYSIA

MYANMAR

INDONESIA

BRUNEI

SINGAPORE

Number of Trips from US

Number of Trips to US

4

93

113

53

83

11

12

62

1

11

94

ASEAN Member States Are Key Diplomatic, Economic, and Security Partners for the USThe US-ASEAN relationship began in 1977 and has since expanded significantly. The US signed the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC) in 2009 and was the first non-ASEAN country to establish a resident ambassador and permanent mission to the organization. The US joined the East Asia Summit (EAS) in 2011, and institutionalized annual ASEAN-US Summits in 2012. In 2015, the US-ASEAN relationship was elevated into a strategic partnership, and in 2016 the first multi-day US-ASEAN Summit was held at Sunnylands in Rancho Mirage, California. In 2017 the US and ASEAN celebrated 40 years as dialogue partners.

The US and ASEAN coordinate on issues ranging from maritime security and terrorism to disaster management, governance, anti-trafficking, and nuclear non-proliferation. The ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus) both include the US and discuss important security issues. Economic ties were formalized with the US-ASEAN Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) in 2006. The US Trade Representative (USTR) also participates in annual consultations during the ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM) Meetings. The US-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (FTA), which went into force in 2004, was America’s first FTA in Asia.

The US-ASEAN Connect framework is a strategic economic initiative organized around four pillars: business, energy, innovation, and policy. Its goal is to support regional integration efforts of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and build upon the positive economic ties between the US and ASEAN.

The US helped ASEAN to set up a public-private body to accelerate the adoption of better aquaculture and fisheries management. The US government sponsors multiple programs to advance the goal of a cleaner, healthier marine environment. The US has also helped provide access to clean drinking water for over 5.6 million people in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Myanmar. Since 2012, grants from the US Agency for International Development (USAID) have protected 64 million acres of forest lands and coastal areas - an area roughly the size of Oregon - in Cambodia, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

Secretary of State Rex Tillerson meets with ASEAN Ambassadors

Photo: US Department of State

12

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

TH

E U

NIT

ED

ST

AT

ES

AN

D A

SE

AN

13

SECURITY COOPERATIONASEAN occupies a critical geographic position straddling the sea lanes between the Indian Ocean in the west and the Pacific Ocean in the east. With over $5.3 trillion in trade passing through the disputed waters of the South China Sea each year, including $1.2 trillion in US trade, maritime security is a priority for both the US and ASEAN. The US has supported regional efforts to increase security and awareness through trainings, workshops, and consultations within the frameworks of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), the Expanded ASEAN Maritime Forum, and the ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus). The US government has worked to increase maritime security capacity in ASEAN through the Southeast Asia Maritime Law Enforcement Initiative and the Southeast Asia Maritime Security Initiative.

The US military participates in multilateral and bilateral military exercises with eight ASEAN member states. As a region vulnerable to natural disasters such as typhoons, earthquakes, and tsunami, the US military has contributed to Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) missions in the region, while the US government and private sector have also provided assistance.

MAJOR MILITARY EXERCISESAnnual and biennial exercises involving the US and ASEAN member states

HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE AND DISASTER RELIEFAid to ASEAN countries since FY2005 according to amounts obligated by USAID’s Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance*

MULTILATERAL EXERCISE PARTNERS IN ASEAN

US & ASEAN

PHILIPPINES7

VIETNAM3

CAMBODIA4

THAILAND6

LAOS0

SINGAPORE7

BRUNEI3

INDONESIA7

MYANMAR0

1 or fewer 2 - 3

4 - 5

6 - 7

8 or more

LEGEND

MALAYSIA8

Countries that allow US access to military bases

Sources: US Pacific Command, US Navy; US Army, Pacific; US Marine Corps Forces, Pacific; The Heritage Foundation, Index of US Military Strength; *Represents only a portion of USAID not whole of US Government aid to the region

Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT)

Southeast Asia Cooperation and Training (SEACAT)

Khaan Quest

Rim of the Pacific Exercise (RIMPAC)

Cobra Gold

Pacific Partnership 0

$10m

$20m

$30m

$40m

$50m

$60m

Cambodia

Indonesia

Laos

Malaysia

MyanmarPhilippines

Thailand

Vietnam $2.7m$45.5m

$0.7m

$50.8m$53.9m

$1.7m

$1.5m

$1.3m

LEGEND

Cambodia

Brunei Indonesia

Laos

Malaysia

Myanmar

Philippines

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

UNITED STATES AND THE PHILIPPINES

UNITED STATES AND THAILAND

UNITED STATES AND SINGAPORE

Major non-NATO Alliance

Major non-NATO Alliance

Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement

US-ASEAN SECURITY ALLIES AND PARTNERS

14

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

TR

AD

E15

$0.7b

$1.1b

$1.4b

$3.3b

$2.4b

$2.0b

$2.0b

$1.7b

$2.0b

$1.7b

$0.2b

$2.3b

$2.1b

$4.6b $2.5b$0.2b

$0.8b$2.0b

$0.3b$0.9b

$1.3b$3.7b

$0.5b

$2.0b

$2.2b

$0.3b

$0.3b

$2.1b

$4.4b

$0.8b

$1.0b

$0.7b

$0.3b

$0.2b

$0.2b

$0.2b$0.5b

$1.0b$0.6b

$15.8b

$9.2b

$1.2b

$0.2b

$0.4b

$0.9b

$0.5b

$12.4b

$0.2b

$0.4b$0.3b

MASSACHUSETTSRHODE ISLANDCONNECTICUTNEW JERSEY DELAWAREMARYLAND

NEVADA

WYOMING

MONTANA NORTH DAKOTA

SOUTH DAKOTA

NEW MEXICO

WESTVIRGINIA

MISSISSIPPI

OKLAHOMA

HAWAI‘I

WASHINGTON

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

UTAH

ARIZONA

COLORADO

IDAHO

NEBRASKA

TEXAS

MINNESOTA

IOWA

WISCONSIN

MICHIGAN

ILLINOIS INDIANAOHIO

KENTUCKY

TENNESSEE

ALABAMA

LOUISIANA

GEORGIA

FLORIDA

S CAROLINA

N CAROLINA

PENNSYLVANIA

NEWYORK

MISSOURI

ARKANSAS

KANSAS

ALASKA

VIRGINIADISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

VERMONTNEW HAMPSHIRE

TRADE

$0.3bMAINE

The US Exports Over $100 Billion in Goods and Services to ASEANASEAN member states, taken together, rank 4th after Canada, Mexico, and China as a goods exports market for the United States, and the US is the 4th largest trading partner for ASEAN. The United States exported $75 billion in goods and $27 billion in services to ASEAN in 2015, an increase of 81% since 2004.

The total value of US-ASEAN bilateral trade has increased 78% since 2004, from $153 billion to $273 billion. ASEAN's surplus in goods with the US totaled $77 billion in 2015, while United States' surplus in services with ASEAN totaled $8 billion. Overall, bilateral US-ASEAN trade from 2004 to 2015 has grown at an average annual rate of 5%.

GOODS AND SERVICES EXPORTS TO ASEAN

Source Map and Composition of Exports chart: Estimated by Trade Partnership (Washington, DC); Sources US Exports to Asia chart: US Bureau of Economic Analysis, US International Trade Administration Services data not available for Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar

California is the largest US exporter to ASEAN with over $15b in exports.

COMPOSITION OF US GOODS & SERVICES EXPORTS TO ASEAN

$1 billion or less$ 1.1 - 2 billion

$2.1 - 3 billion

$3.1 - 4 billion

$4.1 billion or more

LEGEND

US EXPORTS TO ASIAUS goods and services exports to ASEAN compared with other Asian economies

19%

13%

9%

8%

7%6%

5%

4%

2%2%

Food & Kindred Products

$4.8b

Machinery$6.8b

Chemicals$7.9b

Transportation Equipment

$13.2b

Computers & Electronic

Products$18.8b

Other Goods$20.7b

Business, Professional & Technical Services$8.9b

Travel$5.4b

Royalties & License Fees$4.3b

Other Services$3.5b

Financial Services$2.4b

Telecommunications, Computer & Information Services$1.6b

21%

4%2%2%

0

$50b

$100b

$150bGlobal Financial Crisis

$200b

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Japan $108bASEAN $102b

China $165b

South Korea $65b

Taiwan $38bIndia $40bAustralia $44b

Pennsylvania has trade representatives in both Indonesia and Singapore.

Indonesia is Wyoming's 3rd largest trade partner.

Texas is the largest US exporter of goods to Brunei.

South Carolina's exports to ASEAN have more than doubled since 2012.

16

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

AG

RIC

UL

TU

RE

17

ASEAN Is a Top Ten Destination for US Agricultural ExportsMore than $10 billion in agricultural goods were exported to ASEAN in 2015, including over $700 million in tree nuts and $850 million in dairy products. ASEAN is the 6th largest importer of US agricultural goods, and the 3rd largest in Asia after China and Japan. Twenty-eight states export over $100 million in food and agricultural goods to ASEAN with California, Washington, Illinois, and Georgia the top four exporters.

Top agricultural exports from ASEAN to the US include coffee, rice, palm oil, tree nuts, and wood products. ASEAN is also the top global rubber and palm oil exporter, responsible for 75% and 89% of global production respectively in 2014.

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE EXPORTS TO ASEAN

Sources: US Department of Agriculture (USDA), individual companies State exports map: Estimated by Trade Partnership (Washington, DC)

CA RG I L LCargill provides food, agriculture, financial and industrial products and services to the world. Together with farmers, customers, governments and communities, they help people thrive by applying their insights and over 150 years of experience. Cargill employs 1,700 people in Vietnam across 19 locations. They received the US State Department's global CSR award in 2016 for their work in Vietnam to assist small holder farmers and building over 75 schools in rural areas in the country.

A D MArcher Daniels Midland Company (ADM) is a global agribusiness company which employs 32,000 people around the world. ADM's Asia and Pacific rim trading and sales operations are headquartered in Singapore is home to the South East Asian sales offices that serve emerging markets in Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam and Thailand. A key part of ADM's Asia strategy today has been its strategic ownership interest in Wilmar International Limited, Asia's premiere agricultural processing business. ADM's key businesses in Southeast Asia include: Specialty Ingredients, Commodities and Animal Feed.

$80.9m

$127.9m

$169.4m

$564.5m

$88.8m

$176.1m

$221.7m

$153.1m

$142.8m

$106.3m

$1.7m

$224.1m

$114.8m

$86.1m $18m$0.02m

$11.7m$76.4m

$9m$22.4m

$208m$586.6m

$139.5m

$153.4m

$433.9m

$0.2m

$5.4m

$266.6m

$70.9m

$113.5m

$197.3m

$312.9m

$240.3m

$2.7m

$142.3m

$25.7m$93.7m

$210.8m$61.7m

$1.8b

$1.3b

$81.6m

$108.5m

$231.7m

$254m

$58.3m

$512m

$0m

$10.1m$0.9m


NEVADA

WYOMING


SOUTH DAKOTA

NEW MEXICO

WESTVIRGINIA

MISSISSIPPI

OKLAHOMA

HAWAI‘I

WASHINGTON

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

UTAH

ARIZONA

COLORADO

IDAHO

NEBRASKA

TEXAS

MINNESOTA

IOWA

WISCONSIN

MICHIGAN

ILLINOIS INDIANA

OHIO

KENTUCKY

TENNESSEE

ALABAMA

LOUISIANA

GEORGIA

FLORIDA

S CAROLINA

N CAROLINA

PENNSYLVANIA

NEWYORK

MISSOURI

ARKANSAS

KANSAS

ALASKA



Agri

$2.3mMAINE

$50 million or less$ 50.1 - 100 million

$100.1 - 200 million

$200.1 - 500 million

$500.1 million or more

LEGEND

SELECTED STORIES: US AGRIBUSINESS SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT IN ASEAN

COMPOSITION OF ASEAN AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TO THE US

Tropical Oils$1.9b

Rubber & Allied Products$1.4b

Tree Nuts$1.1b

Processed Fruit & Vegetables$866m

Co�ee, Unroasted$703m

20%

14%

11%

9%7%6%

5%

2%4%

20%

Other$1.9b

Snack Foods$204m

Cocoa Paste & Cocoa Butter

$420m

Rice$460m

Spices$560m

18

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

JOB

S F

RO

M T

RA

DE

19

4,196

6,184

8,928

19,507

16,436

11,093

11,688

10,761

11,195

8,611

1,189

13,441

13,134

28,666 15,0491,027

4,85211,547

1,5965,915

7,35922,619

2,820

2,809

9,344

1,093

1,278

11,802

20,372

3,825

6,296

4,443

2,180

682

1,402

1,14911,167

5,3774,021

87,450

46,846

7,247

1,401

3,101

5,410

3,023

62,669

2,071

2,0131,802


NEVADA

WYOMING


SOUTH DAKOTA

NEW MEXICO

WESTVIRGINIA

MISSISSIPPI

OKLAHOMA

HAWAI‘I

WASHINGTON

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

UTAH

ARIZONA

COLORADO

IDAHO

NEBRASKA

TEXAS

MINNESOTA

IOWA

WISCONSIN

MICHIGAN


KENTUCKY

TENNESSEE

ALABAMA

LOUISIANA

GEORGIA

FLORIDA

S CAROLINA

N CAROLINA

PENNSYLVANIA

NEWYORK

MISSOURI

ARKANSAS

KANSAS

ALASKA



TRADE

1,645MAINE

Source: Estimated by Trade Partnership (Washington, DC)

All 50 States Export to ASEAN, Supporting Over Half a Million Jobs in the USAlmost 42,000 companies across the US export to ASEAN. These goods and services exports support almost 550,000 jobs, directly or indirectly, according to 2015 estimates. Eighteen states have more than 10,000 jobs that rely on exports to ASEAN member states.

In per capita terms, trade with the 10 member states of ASEAN creates the most jobs for Washington, followed by Oregon, Vermont, North Dakota, and Delaware. Employment from trade to ASEAN creates over a quarter of a million jobs in California, Texas, Washington, New York, and Illinois alone.

JOBS SUPPORTED BY EXPORTS TO ASEAN

10% of Idaho's export-related jobs are supported by trade with ASEAN.

Malaysia is Maine’s 2nd

largest export market after Canada.

TOP 10 STATES

SHARE OF EXPORT-DEPENDENT JOBS SUPPORTED BY EXPORTS TO ASEANOregon 13.3%

Idaho 10.1%

Washington 8.7%

Vermont 8.1%

Wyoming 6.6%

Montana 6.2%

Minnesota 6.0%

Maine 5.9%

North Dakota 5.6%

Kansas 5.5%

1,000 or fewer1,001 - 5,000

5,001 - 10,000

10,001 - 15,000

15,001 or more

LEGEND

Photo: US-ASEAN Business Council

ASEAN Economic Ministers meet US government and local officials at the Port of Los Angeles during their US Roadshow.

20

ASEAN Is the Number One Destination for US Investment in AsiaASEAN member states have increased their investment into the US by over 1,000% from $2.3 billion in 2004 to over $26 billion in 2015. The US receives more investment from ASEAN than from China and India combined.

ASEAN has received almost $274 billion in cumulative investment from the United States, more than the US has directed to China, India, Japan, and South Korea combined. US FDI in ASEAN has increased by an average annual rate of 12% since 2004 and now accounts for over a third of US investment into Asia.

Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

CUMULATIVE US DIRECT INVESTMENT (STOCK) IN ASIAUS investment in ASEAN increased at an average annual rate of 9% since 2004

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 20150

$50b

$100b

$150b

$200b

$250b

$300b

Japan $109b

ASEAN $274b

China $75bSouth Korea $35b

Taiwan $15bIndia $28b

Australia $167b

Global Financial Crisis

20

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

ACUMULATIVE ASIAN DIRECT INVESTMENT (STOCK) IN THE US Investment from ASEAN in the US increased at an average annual rate of 28% since 2004

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 20150

$100b

$200b

$300b

$400b

$500bJapan $411b

ASEAN $26bChina $15b

South Korea $40b

Taiwan $7bIndia $9b

Australia $42b

Global Financial Crisis

2010sPRE 1940 1980s 1990s1960s1940s 2000s1970s1950s

T I M E L I N E O F U S - A S E A N R E L A T I O N S

1954: Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) is formed as a bloc against communist gains in Southeast Asia.

1968: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (now known as The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute) is established in Singapore, dedicated to the study of social, political, and economic trends in the region.

1975: The Indochina Migration and Refugee Assistance Act is passed, allowing approximately 130,000 refugees from South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia to enter the United States under a special status.

2013: US-ASEAN Business Council and the US Agency for International Development (USAID) form the US-ASEAN Business Alliance for Competitive SMEs.

2013: The US plays a leading role in disaster relief after Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) hits the Philippines.

2014: The United States and the Philippines sign the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) which allows for the enhanced rotational presence of US forces in the Philippines.

2012: Launch of Fulbright Exchange of US-ASEAN Scholars Program.

2013: The US announces the Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative (YSEALI) to further strengthen US-ASEAN people-to-people ties.

2015: US-ASEAN relationship is upgraded to a Strategic Partnership.

2017: 50th Anniversary of the establishment of ASEAN and 40th anniversary of US-ASEAN Dialogue Relations.

2004: The US led multinational disaster relief efforts after the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake and tsunami devastated areas of Southeast Asia.

2007: ASEAN leaders sign the ASEAN Charter, establishing a formal framework for ASEAN.

2009: The US signs the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC), joins the East Asia Summit (EAS), and holds the first US-ASEAN Leaders' Meeting.

2003: The US designates Thailand and the Philippines as Major Non-NATO Allies.

2008: The US is the first non-ASEAN country to name an ambassador to ASEAN. A dedicated mission is established in 2010.

2004: The US-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (FTA), America’s first FTA in Asia, was implemented.

2009: The Lower Mekong Initiative (LMI), a partnership between the US and Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam, is formed to enhance cooperation in the areas of environment, health, education, and infrastructure development. Myanmar joins in 2012.

1993: Vietnamese film The Scent of Green Papaya is the first Southeast Asian film nominated for an Academy Award.

1999: Cambodia becomes the 10th member of ASEAN.

1997: Myanmar and Laos become the 8th and 9th members of ASEAN, respectively.

1995: Vietnam becomes the 7th member of ASEAN.

1994: The US attends the inaugural ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) between ASEAN member states and dialogue partners to discuss regional political and security issues.

1994: The first two companies based in Southeast Asia to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange are the Philippines Long Distance Telephone Company and the Singapore-based China Yuchai International Limited.

1984: The US-ASEAN Business Council is founded, the first private-sector-led ASEAN-focused trade association outside of ASEAN.

1984: Brunei becomes the 6th

member of ASEAN.

1977: The US and ASEAN become Dialogue Partners.

1976: The first ASEAN Summit convenes in Indonesia.

1973: The US began to withdraw its military from Vietnam following a peace settlement with North and South Vietnam.

1962: Malaysia and Thailand are among the first host countries for US Peace Corps volunteers.

1947: Pan-Am begins commercial flights to Thailand, becoming the first US carrier to fly there.

1946: The US and the Philippines sign the Treaty of General Relations recognizing the independence of the Republic of the Philippines.

1955: Official US military involvement begins in the Vietnam War, lasting almost 20 years.

1833: The Roberts Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the US and Siam (Thailand) is signed; it is the first treaty between the US and an Asian country.

1898: The Spanish-American War results in the Philippines becoming a US territory.

1967: The Bangkok Declaration establishes ASEAN with five founding countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.

2015: The ASEAN Community is launched to promote Economic, Political-Security, and Socio-Cultural cohesion among the member states.

2016: President Obama hosts the first US-ASEAN Summit outside Southeast Asia at Sunnylands in Rancho Mirage, California and launches US-ASEAN Connect.

2015: Nguyen Phu Trong became the first General Secretary of the VietnameseCommunist Party to visit the US.

INV

ES

TM

EN

T21

Cumulative US Direct Investment in Asia (Stock in US$ Billions)ASEAN is the largest recipient of US investment in Asia$$

Cumulative Foreign Direct Investment in the US (Stock in US$ Billions)ASEAN investment in the US has grown 1,000% from 2004 to 2015$$

NEW ZEALAND$7$0.6

SOUTH KOREA$35$40

JAPAN$109$411CHINA

$75$15

INDIA$28$9

ASEAN$274$26

HONGKONG$64$11

TAIWAN$15$7

AUSTRALIA$167$42

-

US-ASEAN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN A REGIONAL CONTEXT

0

200%

400%

600%

800%

1,000%

1,200%1,035%

134% 126% 118% 98% 92%

-62%

ASEAN European Union

Americas(Less United States)

MiddleEast

AfricaAsia Paci�c Non-EU Europe and Central Asia

INCREASE OF INVESTMENT INTO THE US

22

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

INV

ES

TM

EN

T23

US COMPANIES INVESTING IN ASEAN Over 3,000 US companies operate in ASEAN, including 70% of the 130 US multinational enterprises (MNEs) listed in the Global Fortune 500 in 2015. Many US companies use ASEAN as a production platform to export within the region and to other parts of the world, facilitated by ASEAN’s free trade agreements with many other Asia Pacific countries. US companies in ASEAN create significant business linkages involving local suppliers and contractors in the region, and a majority of these companies operate in multiple ASEAN member states.

According to the ASEAN Business Outlook Survey 2017, 87% of US companies expect that their level of trade and investment in ASEAN will increase over the next five years. Survey respondents were very supportive of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) that was initiated in 2015, with 93% believing the AEC is important to their companies’ future investment plans, and citing that it will provide greater flexibility and efficiency in managing their regional operations.

SELECTED STORIES: US COMPANIES OPERATING IN ASEAN

PHILIPPINES520

VIETNAM310

CAMBODIA33

THAILAND666

LAOS9

SINGAPORE1836

BRUNEI26

INDONESIA483

MYANMAR21

100 or fewer101 - 300

301 - 500

501 - 700

701 or more

LEGEND

Indian Ocean

MALAYSIA795

Coca-Cola

Citi

Chevron

P&G

Sources: ASEAN Business Outlook Survey 2017, US Chamber of Commerce; ASEAN Investment Report 2016, UNCTAD and ASEAN Secretariat; Fortune; individual corporations Source Affiliates Map: Uniworld Business Publications (accessed March 2017) US Companies with Affiliates Map counts US parent companies with subsidiaries in ASEAN countries, as recognized by Uniworld. For more information on our methodology, please visit AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN

US COMPANIES IN ASEAN MEMBER STATES

CO CA- CO L A

The Coca-Cola Company's heritage in ASEAN dates back more than 100 years. Today, along with their bottling partners, they proudly manufacture and distribute their portfolio of brands across the entire ASEAN region. For all the reasons this report outlines, ASEAN remains a top growth opportunity for their business. The Coca-Cola Company looks forward to continuing to invest in the region and to supporting its sustainable development through initiatives focused on empowering women, improving access to clean drinking water and strengthening communities.

P RO CT E R & GA M B L E

Procter & Gamble (P&G) is the largest household and personal care company in the world. P&G serves millions of consumers around the world every day with one of the strongest portfolios of trusted, leadership brands. P&G entered Asia Pacific in 1935 with the acquisition of the Philippine Manufacturing Company, and has since expanded its presence to various markets across ASEAN. P&G brands are available in every ASEAN member state.

C H EV RO N

Chevron operates in eight countries in ASEAN and provides the energy to support economic growth in this burgeoning area of the world. Chevron is the largest resource holder and producer among international oil companies in the region, where the company has had a presence for over a century. Chevron is the top oil and natural gas producer in Thailand, the largest oil producer in Indonesia, and has interests in refinery operations in Singapore and Thailand.

C I T I

With a presence in ASEAN since 1902, Citi runs consumer and institutional banking operations serving over 3.7 million customers in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The region also hosts a number of strategically important regional and global business hubs for multiple Citi businesses, as well as a number of state-of-the-art processing hubs and data centers serving more than 90 countries around the world.

24

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

INV

ES

TM

EN

T25

INF

RA

ST

RU

CT

UR

E25

INFRASTRUCTURE

$100 billion or less$101 - 200 billion

$201 - 300 billion

$301 billion or more

LEGEND

PHILIPPINES$280b

VIETNAM$317b

CAMBODIA $29b

THAILAND$310b

LAOS$20b

MALAYSIA$277b

MYANMAR$96b

INDONESIA $767b

BRUNEIno data

SINGAPORE$133b

Source: McKinsey Global Institute ("Rule of Thumb" Need Estimation based on 71% stock level)

ASEAN Has Over $2 Trillion Worth of Infrastructure Investment OpportunitiesThe McKinsey Global Institute forecasts the need for over $2 trillion in investment in road, rail, port, airport, power, water, and telecommunications infrastructure across ASEAN to maintain economic growth. China, Japan, and the United States have pledged funding for major infrastructure projects across all sectors via government aid and public-private partnerships. However, in all sectors of infrastructure, a significant funding gap remains. A 2017 Asian Development Bank (ADB) report estimates an infrastructure investment gap of $92 billion in ASEAN until 2020.

Through the US-ASEAN Connect framework's Energy Connect pillar, the US has pledged to invest in a five-year effort in ASEAN to increase the supply of grid-connected renewable energy. Focused on the Lower Mekong River Delta countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam, the program will support the installation of at least 500 megawatts of grid-tied renewable energy generation. It will also assist in implementing laws, policies, strategies, and regulations that contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and support commitments made under the Paris Climate Agreement.

ESTIMATED INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT NEEDS BY SECTOR, 2016-2030

ESTIMATE FOR INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT NEEDS, 2016-2030

Roads$536b

Ports$44b

Airports$60b

Power$540b

10%

2%3%

13%

24%

24%

24%Telecommunications$531b

Water$283b

Railways$233b

26

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

DIG

ITA

L E

CO

NO

MY

27

ASEAN's Digital Economy Is Projected to Grow by 500% and Be Worth $200 Billion by 2025ASEAN is the world's fastest growing internet region. It is forecast that by 2020 the internet user base will reach 480 million, up from 260 million in 2016. That translates to nearly 4 million new users coming online every month. ASEAN has gone "mobile first" with over 700 million active mobile connections, more than the entire population of the region. The user base is large and growing quickly, and is increasingly middle class and predominantly young. Social media is used by over half of ASEAN's population of 630 million people, making it one of the world's largest social media markets.

With digitalization comes increased opportunities for both ASEAN and US businesses to reach new customers and suppliers. It is projected that online spending could rise 6.5 times to $200 billion by 2025, fueled by consumption of electronics, clothing, household goods and groceries, and by increased travel within the region. ASEAN SMEs especially stand to

benefit from increased connectivity, access to digital tools, and rising online consumer demand. To harness this potential, the US government and businesses have provided support to over 120,000 entrepreneurs since 2011, including through the US-ASEAN Business Alliance for Competitive SMEs and the online ASEAN SME Academy.

INTERNET PENETRATION AND MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS IN ASEANMobile penetration outpaces traditional internet access across the region

ONLINE SHOPPERS AS A PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET USERS IN ASEAN

Sources: US-ASEAN Business Council/Deloitte study: Advancing the ASEAN Economic Community: The Digital Economy and the Free Flow of Data; Internet and Mobile Penetration: International Telecommunications Union (ITU); Online Shoppers: Google/Temasek report (based on data from Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam)

Online Shoppers

Non-Shopping Internet Users

LEGEND

51% 49%

19%

81%

2015 2025

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Individuals Using the Internet

Mobile Telephone Subscriptions

43.8%

119.2% US companies have supported digital skills for SMEs in ASEAN through the ASEAN SME Academy, a program of the US-ASEAN Business Alliance for Competitive SMEs. The Business Alliance, a joint program of the US-ASEAN Business Council and USAID, has trained more than 5,000 entrepreneurs across all 10 ASEAN member states. US companies taking the lead include top Business Alliance sponsors UPS, which has led training focused on giving SMEs the skills to enter the global supply chain in a wide variety of markets; and Facebook, which has offered courses on building sales through online marketing.

SELECTED STORIES: BUILDING ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPERTISE

Photo: US-ASEAN Business Council

28

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

Visitors from ASEAN Add $5 Billion to the US Economy in a YearOver 780,000 people from ASEAN countries visited the US in 2015, while almost 3.5 million Americans visited ASEAN. Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Singapore are the top four destinations with over 2.6 million visitors from the US combined. US airlines serve cities in all four of these countries.

TRAVEL & TOURISM

PHILIPPINES779k

VIETNAM491k

CAMBODIA 218k

THAILAND868k

LAOS63k

SINGAPORE500k

BRUNEI4k

INDONESIA269k

MYANMAR70k

100,000 or fewer

101,000 - 200,000

201,000 - 400,000

401,000 - 600,000

601,000 or moreRegular �ights operated by US carriers, including code shares.

LEGEND

MALAYSIA238k

Bangkok

Ho Chi Minh City

Manila

VISITORS FROM THE US TO ASEAN

Source Visitor Numbers: Brunei Ministry of Primary Resources and Tourism, Cambodia Ministry of Tourism, Statistics Indonesia, Laos Tourism Development Department, Malaysia Department of Immigration, Myanmar Ministry of Hotels and Tourism, Philippines Department of Tourism, Singapore Tourism Board, Thailand Department of Tourism, Viet Nam National Administration of Tourism Source Visitor Spending: Estimated by the Trade Partnership (Washington, DC) Source Visitors from ASEAN to the US: World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics 2016 © UNWTO, 92844/37/16

The US is the largest source of tourists to Myanmar outside of Asia.

Thailand has the most US visitors of any ASEAN country, and is the top travel destination in the region.

TR

AV

EL

AN

D T

OU

RIS

M29

TOP 10 STATES

ASEAN VISITOR SPENDINGCalifornia $791m

New York $548m

Florida $439m

Texas $330m

Massachusetts $247m

Pennsylvania $221m

Illinois $188m

Nevada $162m

Georgia $129m

Ohio $128m

There are more than 1,000 direct flights between the Philippines and California each year.

0 50k 100k 150k 200k 250k

Philippines

Singapore

Vietnam

Thailand

Indonesia

Malaysia

Myanmar

Cambodia

Laos

Brunei

239k

160k

99k

97k

96k

81k

5.9k

3.4k

1.5k

1.4k

VISITORS FROM ASEAN TO THE US

30

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

36% of Asian Americans Identify with an ASEAN Ethnicity Of the estimated 20 million Asian Americans in the US, 7 million identify with an ASEAN ethnicity. Filipino and Vietnamese are the largest groups, with populations of 4 million and 1.9 million respectively.

Immigrants from ASEAN member states accounted for over 11% of all naturalizations in the US in 2015, and 34% of naturalizations by Asians. Remittances, funds that immigrants send to individuals in their home countries, represent a major financial flow between the US and ASEAN. The Philippines and Vietnam are among the top five recipients of remittances from the US after Mexico, China, and India.

50,000 or fewer50,001 - 100,000

100,001 - 150,000

150,001 - 200,000

200,001 or more

LEGEND

25,386

87,673

78,201

120,924

258,653

35,565

107,205

200,783

45,597

23,944

5,864

69,158

120,332

228,231

9,055

118,987 18,431

40,595178,271

8,219114,435

45,728211,259

15,742

22,754

53,415

40,161375,179

160,512

86,338

12,647

48,160

32,971

4,226

3,278

6,151

17,633109,990

36,060173,556

2,686,311

291,692

74,198

4,512

22,152

42,989

45,930

500,681

8,115

4,02111,043


NEVADA

WYOMING


SOUTH DAKOTA

NEW MEXICO

WESTVIRGINIA

MAINE

MISSISSIPPI

OKLAHOMA

HAWAI‘I

WASHINGTON

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

UTAH

ARIZONA

COLORADO

IDAHO

NEBRASKA

TEXAS

MINNESOTA

IOWA

WISCONSIN

MICHIGAN


KENTUCKY

TENNESSEE

ALABAMA

LOUISIANA

GEORGIA

FLORIDA

S CAROLINA

N CAROLINA

PENNSYLVANIA

NEWYORK

MISSOURI

ARKANSAS

KANSAS

ALASKA



ASEAN AMERICANS and immigrationASEAN AMERICAN POPULATION BY STATE

Sources: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey, US Department of Homeland Security, Source Remittances: World Bank Bilateral Remittances Matrix (Estimates), 2015 data

Almost 70,000 Hmong live in Minnesota, the largest Asian population in the state.

Almost 69% of Asian Americans in Alaska identify with an ASEAN ethnicity.

Louisiana’s Vietnamese population makes up 37% of the state’s Asian American population.

In Rhode Island 15% of Asian Americans identify as Cambodian, the largest percentage in the country.

AS

EA

N A

ME

RIC

AN

S A

ND

IMM

IGR

AT

ION

31

TOP 10 STATES US POPULATION GROWTHBy ASEAN nationalities and ethnic groups, 2011-2015

REMITTANCES FROM THE US TO ASEAN MEMBER STATESUS share of total remittances received by each country

PERCENTAGE OF US RESIDENTS WHO IDENTIFY WITH AN ASEAN ETHNICITYHawai�i 26.6%

California 7.0%

Nevada 6.2%

Alaska 5.5%

Washington 4.4%

Minnesota 3.0%Virginia 2.4%Oregon 2.2%

New Jersey 2.0%

Maryland 1.9%

0 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Burmese

Cambodian

Filipino

Hmong

Indonesian

Laotian

Thai

Vietnamese

58%

9%

13%

19%

5%

17%

Malaysian 20%

8%

6%

0

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Philippines

Vietnam

Thailand

Indonesia

Myanmar

Cambodia

MalaysiaLaos

56.3%

33.9%27.7%

21.3%20%

5.4%

3.8% 2.8%

32

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A


NEVADA

WYOMING


SOUTH DAKOTA

NEW MEXICO

WESTVIRGINIA

MISSISSIPPI

OKLAHOMA

HAWAI‘I

WASHINGTON

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

UTAH

ARIZONA

COLORADO

IDAHO

NEBRASKA

TEXAS

MINNESOTA

IOWA

WISCONSIN

MICHIGAN

ILLINOISINDIANAOHIO

KENTUCKY

TENNESSEE

ALABAMA

LOUISIANA

GEORGIA

FLORIDA

S CAROLINA

N CAROLINA

PENNSYLVANIA

NEWYORK

MISSOURI

ARKANSAS

KANSAS

ALASKA



EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE

286

728

1,184

756

1,104

160

534

1,089

301

248

143

1,128

2,300

4,101 3,605296

488520

40786

1,2922,018

98

202

461

16

356

975

1,021

82

758

1,084

36

42

54

104

622

349153

11,782

4,457

669

97

514

276

797

5,766

382

65222

95MAINE

x 1

x 1

x 8

x 2

x 1

x 1

x 1

x 1

x 1

x 1 x 1

x 2

x 1

x 1x 2

ASEAN Students Contribute $1.7 Billion to the US Economy in a YearAlmost 55,000 students from ASEAN studied in the US, comprising 5% of international students during the 2015/16 academic year. Over 20,000 students came from Vietnam, the most of any ASEAN member state and the 6th largest amount from any country globally. The top destination for ASEAN students was California, where eight universities have Southeast Asia Studies programs.

The number of Americans studying abroad in ASEAN countries has more than tripled since 2002/03 to over 5,700 in 2014/15. Students study in all 10 member states, but Thailand, Singapore, and Vietnam are the most popular destinations.

INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS FROM ASEAN

Sources: Institute of International Education (IIE), NAFSA: Association of International Educators

250 or fewer251 - 500

501 - 750

751 - 1,000

1,001 or moreSchools with Southeast Asia Studies Programs

LEGEND

ED

UC

AT

ION

AL

EX

CH

AN

GE

33

TOP 10 STATES

ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF ASEAN STUDENTS TO THE USCalifornia $410m

New York $140m

Massachusetts $140m

Texas $133m

Washington $129m

Pennsylvania $81m

Illinois $64m

Indiana $42m

Michigan $38m

Oregon $34m

US STUDENTS STUDYING ABROAD IN ASEAN

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500

Brunei

CambodiaIndonesia

Laos

MalaysiaMyanmar

Philippines

SingaporeThailand

Vietnam

25

482534

15

152

67

353

1,080

922

2,096

34

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

FULBRIGHT PROGRAMIn the 2014/15 academic year almost 700 students, teachers, and scholars participated in Fulbright exchanges between the US and ASEAN. Participants from all 10 ASEAN member states took part in the program. Since the program’s founding in 1949, over 11,000 students, teachers, and scholars from ASEAN have participated, including nearly 3,000 from Indonesia and 2,500 from the Philippines. US participants in the region have numbered over 5,000 since 1949, with the greatest number of participants taking part in the Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand programs.

FULBRIGHT SCHOLARS SINCE 1949

NOTABLE FULBRIGHT PARTICIPANTS FROM ASEAN

Sources: Bureau of Education and Cultural Affairs, US Department of State; US Mission to ASEAN

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500

5120

499172

343120

1,028

697201

2,452870

363251

1,855

1,159515

903

875

2,9361,038

Brunei

Cambodia

Indonesia

Laos

Malaysia

Myanmar

Philippines

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

From ASEANFrom US

LEGEND

ED

UC

AT

ION

AL

EX

CH

AN

GE

35

THE YOUNG SOUTHEAST ASIAN LEADERS INITIATIVE (YSEALI)The Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative (YSEALI) is a program focused on strengthening leadership development in ASEAN. Since 2014, more than 100,000 young people, ages 18-35, have joined the program, and over 80,000 are active on digital platforms. Through YSEALI, the US government has assisted over 19,000 ASEAN youth through regional workshops and exchanges, professional and academic fellowships to visit universities, businesses, and non-profits in the US, and community-focused grants in order to develop ties between the US and ASEAN.

YSEALI PARTICIPATION BY COUNTRY

Cambodia7%

Malaysia6%

Laos2%

Singapore1%

Brunei1%

Vietnam21%

Indonesia21%

Philippines17%

Thailand14%

Myanmar11%

YSEALI - EWC Environmental Leadership Institutes participants visiting Kualoa in Oahu, Hawai�i

JUWONO SUDARSONO, Former Indonesian Minister of Defense – Fulbright student at Columbia University

KAKA BAG-AO, Member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines – Humphrey Fellow at University of Minnesota

SUYOI OSMAN, Bruneian Minister of Education – Fulbright student at Johns Hopkins University

V P HIRUBALAN, Deputy Secretary-General of ASEAN for the Political-Security Community – Fulbright student at Yale University

Photo: East-West Center

92 Sister Relationships between the US and ASEAN Build Civic and People-to-People ConnectionsSister relationships are local partnerships between cities, counties, and states with similar jurisdictions. These build ties between communities and support commercial and cultural initiatives. With 70 sister cities and 22 sister state or sister county connections, these ties between the US and ASEAN link seven ASEAN countries to 22 US states.


NEVADA

WYOMING


SOUTH DAKOTA

NEW MEXICO

WESTVIRGINIA

MAINE

MISSISSIPPI

OKLAHOMA

HAWAI‘I

WASHINGTON

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

UTAH

ARIZONA

COLORADO

IDAHO

NEBRASKA

TEXAS

MINNESOTA

IOWA

WISCONSIN

MICHIGAN


KENTUCKY

TENNESSEE

ALABAMA

LOUISIANA

GEORGIA

FLORIDA

S CAROLINA

N CAROLINA

PENNSYLVANIA

NEWYORK

MISSOURI

ARKANSAS

KANSAS

ALASKA



SISTER CITIESUS SISTER RELATIONSHIPS WITH ASEAN

LEGEND

0

1

2-3

4-9

10 or more

Elgin, Illinois is the only US city to share a sister relationship with a city in Laos.

Maui County in Hawai�i has the most sister relationships in ASEAN of any US city, county, or state with 11 sister relationships.

Beaufort, North Carolina enjoys a sister city relationship with Beaufort, Malaysia.

LEGENDCambodia - KH; Indonesia - ID; Laos - LA; Malaysia - MY; Philippines - PH; Thailand - TH; Vietnam - VN

US ASEANMobile, AL Bolinao, PH

Juneau, AK Camiling, PH

Juneau, AK Kalibo, Aklan, PH

State of CaliforniaYogyakarta, Special

Province, ID

Berkeley, CA Uma-Bawang , MY

Carson, CA La Carlota, PH

Chula Vista, CA Cebu City, PH

Fremont, CA Lipa City, PH

US ASEANNewport Beach, CA Vung Tau Ba Ria City, VN

Oakland, CA Da Nang, VN

Orinda, CA Lanphun, TH

Palo Alto, CA Palo, PH

Rohnert Park, CA Tagaytay, PH

Sacramento, CA Manila, PH

Sacramento, CA Pasay, PH

Salinas, CA Cebu City, PH

San Bernardino, CA Roxas, PH

US ASEANLong Beach, CA Bacolod, PH

Long Beach, CA Phnom Penh, KH

Los Angeles, CA Jakarta, ID

Los Angeles, CA Makati, PH

Milpitas, CA Dagupan City, PH

SIS

TE

R P

AR

TN

ER

SH

IPS

37

ASEAN SISTER RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE US

Sources: Sister Cities International; individual sister city associations

US ASEANSan Diego, CA Cavite City, PH

San Francisco, CA Ho Chi Minh City, VN

San Francisco, CA Manila, PH

Santa Barbara, CA San Juan, PH

Santa Clarita, CA Sariaya, PH

South San Francisco, CA

Pasig City, PH

Stockton, CA Battambang, KH

Stockton, CA Iloilo, PH

Suisun, CA Naguilian, PH

Union City, CA Baybay, PH

Union City, CA Chiang Rai, TH

Union City, CA Pasay City, PH

Vallejo, CA Baguio, PH

Walnut, CA Calamba, PH

New Haven, CT Hue City, VN

Washington, DC Bangkok, TH

State of Hawai�i Cebu Province, PH

State of Hawai�i Ilocos Norte Province, PH

State of Hawai�i Ilocos Sur Province, PH

State of Hawai�i Isabela Province, PH

State of Hawai�i Pangasinan Province, PH

Hawai�i County, HI Ormoc City, PH

Honolulu, HI Baguio, PH

US ASEANHonolulu, HI Candon City, PH

Honolulu, HI Cebu, PH

Honolulu, HI Hue, VN

Honolulu, HI Laoag City, PH

Honolulu, HI Manila, PH

Honolulu, HI Vigan, PH

Kauai County, HI Bagued, PH

Kauai County, HI Urdaneta, PH

Maui County, HI Bacarra City, PH

Maui County, HI Badoc, PH

Maui County, HI Cabugao, PH

Maui County, HI Manila, PH

Maui County, HI Puerto Princesa, PH

Maui County, HI Quezon City, PH

Maui County, HI San Juan, PH

Maui County, HI San Nicholas, PH

Maui County, HI San Miguel, PH

Maui County, HI Sarrat, PH

Maui County, HI Zambales Province, PH

Elgin, IL Vientiane, LA

State of Iowa State of Terengganu, MY

State of Maryland Ninh Thuan Province, VN

Lowell, MA Phnom Penh, KH

Sterling Heights, MI Legazpi City, PH

US ASEANSterling Heights, MI Sorsogon City, PH

St. Louis, MO Bogor, ID

Las Vegas, NV Angeles City, PH

Reno, NV Udonthani, TH

Angel Fire, NM Quang Tri Town, VN

Beaufort, NC Beaufort, MY

Pittsburgh, PA Da Nang, VN

Providence, RI Phnom Penh, KH

Austin, TX Siem Reap, KH

Benbrook, TX Pailin Province, KH

Commerce, TX Pailin Province, KH

Fort Worth, TX Bandung, ID

Salt Lake City, UT Quezon City, PH

Norfolk, VA Cagayan de Oro, PH

Virginia Beach, VA Olongapo, PH

Lakewood, WA Bauang, PH

Seattle, WA Cebu City, PH

Seattle, WA Hai Phong, VN

Seattle, WA Sihanoukville, KH

Seattle, WA Surabaya, ID

Tacoma, WA Davao, PH

Kenosha, WI Quezon City, PH

Milwaukee, WI Medan, ID

BRUNEI0

PHILIPPINES61

VIETNAM9

CAMBODIA8

THAILAND4

MYANMAR0

LAOS1

SINGAPORE0

MALAYSIA3

INDONESIA6

0

1 - 3

4 - 6

7 - 10

10 or more

LEGEND

Mawlamyine currently shares the status of 'friendship city' with Fort Wayne, Indiana.

The Philippines has the most sister city relationships with the US of all ASEAN countries at 61.

36

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

38

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

AS

EA

N M

AT

TE

RS

FO

R A

ME

RIC

A39

www.AsiaMattersforAmerica.org

Funded by the Henry Luce Foundation

JAPANMATTERS FORAMERICAMATTERS FOR

J A PA N

www.AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/Japan

日米相互依存の見取図

AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/Korea


MATTERS FORASEANAMERICAMATTERS FOR

ASEAN











BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA ·






BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBODIA · INDONESIA · LAOS · MALAYSIA · MYANMAR · PHILIPPINES · SINGAPORE · THAILAND · UNITED STATES · VIETNAM · BRUNEI DARUSSALAM · CAMBO-


AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/Australia

PUBLICATION DESIGN AND ILLUSTRATIONTOP SHELF DESIGN Washington, DC www.topshelfdesign.net

THE ASIA MATTERS FOR AMERICA INITIATIVEAsia Matters for America/America Matters for Asia is an interactive resource for credible and nonpartisan information, graphics, analysis, and news on US-Asia Pacific relations at the national, state, and local levels.

AsiaMattersforAmerica.org

40

AS

EA

N M

ATT

ER

S FO

R A

ME

RIC

A

AS

EA

N M

AT

TE

RS

FO

R A

ME

RIC

A41

NOTES NOTES

This project explores the important and multi-faceted relationship between the United States and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Part of the Asia Matters for America initiative, this publication and its corresponding website AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN provide tools for a global audience to explore the increasing significance of the US-ASEAN relationship in the 21st century.

Asia Matters for America is an initiative of the East-West Center in Washington and can be contacted at:

Asia Matters for America East-West Center in Washington 1819 L Street, NW, Suite 600 Washington, DC 20036 USA Tel: (+1)202.293.3995 Fax: (+1)202.293.1402 [email protected]

The East-West Center headquarters is in Honolulu, Hawai‘i: East-West Center 1601 East-West Road Honolulu, HI 96848 USA Main Telephone: (+1)808.944.7111 EastWestCenter.org

ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute is located in Singapore and can be contacted at:

ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 Tel: (+65)6778.0955 ISEAS.edu.sg

The US-ASEAN Business Council headquarters is in Washington, DC and can be contacted at:

US-ASEAN Business Council 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 411 Washington, DC 20036 USA Tel: (+1)202.289.1911 USASEAN.org

US-ASEAN Business Council members contributed toward this initiative.

ASEAN Matters for America/America Matters for ASEAN

Congressional District Exports to ASEANOver half of US congressional districts export more than $100 million in goods to ASEAN.

Source: Estimated by Trade Partnership (Washington, DC). 2015 dataNote: Congressional districts are of the 114th Congress

Legend

DISTRICT EXPORTS(US$) DISTRICT EXPORTS(US$) DISTRICT EXPORTS(US$) DISTRICT EXPORTS(US$) DISTRICT EXPORTS(US$)

12

345

56

78

910

TOP TEN DISTRICTS: MERCHANDISE EXPORTS TO ASEAN

For More State and District Data: www.asiamattersforamerica.org/state-district

MERCHANDISE EXPORTS TO ASEAN BY CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT

WA-2 $3b OR-1 $2.9b

CA-17 $1.7b WA-9 $1.4b

WA-1 $1.2b KY-6 $849m

TX-3 $678m SC-6 $646m

WA-8 $634mLA-3 $589m

$25.1 million - $50 million $50.1 million - $100 million $100.1 million - $200 million $200.1 million - $500 million $500.1 million or more$1 million - $25 million

HC

27

2

4

4

7

75

22

12

1

13

ONE AT LARGE

ONE AT LARGE

ONE DELEGATE AT LARGEDC

HAWAI‘I


MASSACHUSETTS

CONNECTICUT

RHODE ISLAND

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

MARYLAND

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

27

27

27

2

2

2

22

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

5-15

15

15

1515

15

15

28

28

3

3

3

3

33

3

3

3

3

33

3

33

3

3

33

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3 3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

29

29

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

44

4

4

4

4

17

17

17

17

17

17

30

30

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

55

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

518

18

18

18

18

18

31

6

6

6

66

6

6

66

6

66

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

19

19

19

19

32

32

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

20

20

20

20

33

33

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

21

21

21

21

34

3437

384043

44

4647

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9 9

9

22

22

22

35

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

1010

10

10

23

23

23

23

36

36

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

24

24

24

24

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

25

25

25

25

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

11

11

1

1

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1313

13

13

13

13

13

13

26

26

26

26

ONE AT LARGE

ONE AT LARGE

ONE AT LARGE

ONE AT LARGE

ONE AT LARGE

50

51

31

41

4245

49

35

39

48

52

53

MISSISSIPPI

LOUISIANA

TEXAS

ARKANSAS

NEBRASKA

KANSAS

OKLAHOMA

NEW MEXICO

COLORADO

UTAH

ARIZONA

NEVADA

CALIFORNIA

ALASKA

WESTVIRGINIA

OHIO

INDIANAILLINOIS

KENTUCKY

TENNESSEE

RNORTH CA OLINA

GEORGIA

ALABAMA

FLORIDA

MISSOURI

IOWA

MAINE

NEW YORK

PENNSYLVANIA

VIRGINIA

WISCONSIN

MINNESOTA

NORTH DAKOTA

SOUTH DAKOTA

WYOMING

MONTANA

IDAHO

OREGON

WASHINGTON

MI

H

IA

GN

C

SOUTH

CAROLINA

Washington's 2nd

district is the single largest goods exporter to ASEAN with over $3 billion in goods to the region.

Arizona's 9th district exports over half a billion dollars in goods to ASEAN, including almost $400 million in semiconductors and components.

6 of the top 20 districts exporting to ASEAN are located in Texas, led by the 3rd district which exports over $500 million to the region.

Kentucky's 6th district exports over $740 million to ASEAN in aerospace products and parts, the most outside Washington.

Massachusetts is New England's largest exporter to ASEAN, with the 6th district exporting over $350 million to ASEAN.

cambodia indonesia laos malaysia myanmar … · vietnam cambodia thailand myanmar laos singapore...

Documents