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SATILAYOL IHURAGNEPMEM GNAY ROTKAF SISILANA

ANUGGNEP PADAHRET NEMUSNOK ENOHPDNAH REM KE

LEDOM GNUSMAS NEERCSHCUOT nemusnoK : susaK idutS enohpdnaH atrakaygoY atoK id gnusmaS

ISPIRKS

tarayS utas halaS ihunemeM kutnU nakujaiD anajraS raleG helorepmeM

imonokE satlukaF nemejanaM idutS margorP amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

: helO otnauG akitnaydniR

580412270 : MIN

NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU ATRAKAYGOY

2102




ISPIRKS




580412270 : MIN



2102




ISPIRKS




580412270 : MIN



2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i




ISPIRKS




580412270 : MIN



2102

i




ISPIRKS




580412270 : MIN



2102

i




ISPIRKS




580412270 : MIN



2102


ii


iii


vi

OTTOM

malad halrabas ,naparahgnep malad halaticakusreB)21;21 amoR ( aod malad halnuketreb nad ,nakasesek

,”tneserp eht ni od ew tahw no sdneped erutuf ehT“ -

ihdnaG amtahaM

flesruoY eB ! )siluneP(

: adapek nakhabmesrepek ni ispirkS suseY nahuT sutsirK

atnicret ukapaP nad amaM kitnac gnay uknaupmerep araduaS

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ukretamamlA


v

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

IMONOKE SATLUKAF NEMEJANAM NASURUJ - NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

:luduj nagned ispirkS awhab nakataynem ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

SATILAYOL IHURAGNEPMEM GNAY ROTKAF SISILANA ANUGGNEP PADAHRET NEMUSNOK ENOHPDNAH KEREM

LEDOM GNUSMAS NEERCSHCUOT d na t adap ijuid kutnu nakujaid 2102 sutsugA 92 laggna .ayas ayrak lisah halada

ks malad awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayas ,ini nagneD kadit ini ispir arac nagned libma ayas gnay nial gnaro nasilut naigabes uata nahurulesek tapadret gnay lobmis uata tamilak naiakgnar kutneb malad urinem uata ,nilaynem ayas gnay nial silunep irad narikimep uata tapadnep uata nasagag nakkujnunem

haloes iuka - uata naigab tapadret kadit uata nad ,iridnes ayas nasilut iagabes halo gnaro nasilut irad libma ayas uata ,urit ayas ,nilas ayas gnay nasilut nahurulesek silunep adap )isnerefer malad naktubesid( naukagnep nakirebmem apnat nial

.aynilsa

h naidumekid aliB tubesret nakadnit nakukalem ataynret ayas awhab itkubret ira raleg nad nakrugugid ini ispirks utiay isknas amirenem aidesreb ayas akam naruta nagned iauses sesorpid atres naklatabid )E.S( helorep ayas gnay kimedaka

gnadnurep - 2 .oN UU( ukalreb gnay nagnadnu lasap nad 52 lasap ,3002 nuhaT 0.)07

sutsugA 82 ,atrakaygoY 2102 ,naataynrep taubmem gnaY

otnauG akitnaydniR 580412270 :MIN


iv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

SUPMAK NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

:amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawabid nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN : otnauG akitnaydniR

awsisahaM romoN 0 : 72214085

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnitnepek imeD

dujreb ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU lu


ANUGGNEP PADAHRET NEMUSNOK ENOHPDNAH KEREM

LEDOM GNUSMAS NEERCSHCUOT

atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD

,nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilagnem ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD

m nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap kutneb malad aynalolegne

simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata tenretni id aynnakisakilbupmem

ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupuam ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat

aman nakmutnacnem patet amales .silunep iagabes ayas

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas gnay ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY id taubiD

2 laggnat adaP 8 Agustus 102 2

,nakataynem gnaY

otnauG akitnaydniR


iiv

KARTSBA

SATILAYOL IHURAGNEPMEM GNAY ROTKAF SISILANA ANUGGNEP PADAHRET NEMUSNOK ENOHPDNAH GNUSMAS

LEDOM NEERCSHCUOT nemusnoK : susaK idutS enohpdnaH atrakaygoY atoK gnusmaS

otnauG akitnaydniR

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU 2102

naujutreb ini naitileneP )1( ianegnem isamrofni naktapadnem kutnu anuggnep nemusnok irad kitsiretkarak enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem

neercshcuot satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay ajas apa rotkaf iuhategnem kutnu )2( , ledom gnusmaS kerem enohpdnah anuggnep neercshcuot kutnu )3( nad ,

hategnem padahret satilayol iggnit aparebes iu enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS keremneercshcuot .

ini naitileneP iluJ nalub irad nakukalid – sutsugA 1102 anuggnep adapenohpdnah retnok aparebeb atrakaygoY atok id gnusmaS - retnok enohpdnah ,

hsalF ,ralulleC awsaN nial aratna S ,enohP ,relulleC adnA ,enohP airta odnilleCenohP )naruteS ,irasrabaB ,nacirM( aynnial hayaliw 3 nad . atad nalupmugneP

halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay isalupoP .renoisiuk nagned nakukalid anuggnep enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS neercshcuot atok id lepmaS .atrakaygoY

kinket nakanuggnem lepmas nalibmagneP .nednopser 001 kaynabes libmaid gnay ecneinevnoc gnilpmas reinil iserger halada nakanugid gnay atad asilana kinkeT .

.naitilenep naujut bawajnem kutnu adnagreb halasam pait irad naitilenep lisaHlada iay nednopser rumu )1( ha 51 ut – helo isanimodid nemusnok ,nuhat 52 ikal -ikal isanimodid nemusnok rihkaret nakididnep , gnau aynraseb ,tajaredes/AMS

000.007 pR halada )tajaredes/awsisaham/rajalep( ukas – nakgnades 999.999ulekreb halet gnay kutnu natapadnep rotkaf )2( aynadeb ada kadit agra - gnay rotkaf

padahret nemusnok satilayol ihuragnepmem enohpdnah halada gnusmaS keremtaafnam ayal ,satilauk , agrah nad ,lauj anrup nan nemusnok satilayol ayniggnit )3(

.layol pukuc takgnit adap adareb halada


iiiv

TCARTSBA

EHT OT YTLAYOL REMUSNOC GNITCEFFA SROTCAF FO SISYLANA NEERCSHCUOT GNUSMAS SRESU ENOHP ELIBOM FO DNARB EHT

SLEDOM hT enohp elibom gnusmaS : esaC ydutS e atrakaygoY ni remusnoc

otnauG akitnaydniR

ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS 2102

hcraeser sihT tuoba noitamrofni na teg ot )1( stpmetta fo scitsiretcarahc

gnusmaS enohp elibom neercshcuot )2( ,remusnoc yfitnedi ot tahw tceffa srotcaf layol remusnoc fo yt gnusmaS enohp elibom neercshcuot yfitnedi ot )3( dna , woh

ih ol remusnoc eht hg tlay ot y gnusmaS enohp elibom neercshcuot .si ni ,1102 morf detrats si hcraeser sihT gnusmaS emos ta tsuguA ot pu yluJ

serots enohp elibom adnA ,enohP airtaS ,enohP hsalF ,ralulleC awsaN era ereht ,rabaB dna ,naruteS ,nacirM( saera rehto 3 dna enohP odnilleC dna ,ralulleC .)iras

eriannoitseuq yb enod si gnitcelloc atad ehT noitalupop ehT . si hcraeser siht fognusmaS enohp elibom neercshcuot 001 si elpmas ehT .atrakaygoY ni remusnoc

.stnednopser mas ehT ecneinevnoc si dohtem gnilp .gnilpmas elpmas ehTelpitluM sesu gnitcelloc ergeR fo snoisulcnoc ehT .hcraeser siht rewsna ot noiss

era hcraeser 51 yb detanimod si remusnoc fo citsiretcarahc eht )1( - ,dlo sraey 52 ,etarusnemmoc / loohcs hgih roines si noitacude tsal eht ecnawolla fo tnuoma

)etarusnemmoc / tneduts egelloc / tneduts( .007 pR si 000 – emit eht ta ,999.999id on s’ereht ,ylimaf a sah ohw emocni eht ecnereff srotcaf eht )2( , tceffa taht

layol remusnoc yt era hcraeser siht ni enohp elibom gnusmaS ot ,ytilauq ,tifenebretfa - ecivres selas level eht dna )3( ,ecirp dna , noc fo l remus o lay ta si yt

.level layol yltneiciffus


xi

RATNAGNEP ATAK

,ayNtamhaR nad ainurak sata nahuT adapek hisak amiret nad rukuys ijuP

gnay rotkaF sisilanA“ ludujreb gnay ispirks nakiaseleynem tapad silunep aggnihes

anuggneP padahret nemusnoK satilayoL ihuragnepmeM enohpdnaH kereM

ledoM gnusmaS neercshcuoT gnusmaS enohpdnaH nemusnoK adap susaK idutS :

kutnu tarays utas halas iagabes silutid ini ispirkS .”atrakaygoY atoK id

satlukaF nemejanaM idutS margorP adap imonokE anajraS raleg helorepmem

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU imonokE

nasiluneP .kahip iagabreb nautnab takreb kiab nagned iaseles tapad ini ispirks

: adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem nigni silunep uti kutnU

.1 satlukaF nakeD ukales .tkA ,.iS.M ,onoyidrapuS .P.Y .srD kapaB

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU imonokE

.2 E.S ,onomdaydiW idraM .V kapaB idutS margorP auteK ukales ,.A.B.M ,.

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU nemejanaM

.3 iS.M ,.RB iratU haiD .arD ubI halet gnay ,I gnibmibmep nesod ukales ,.

.itah nahuggnusek nagned silunep gnibmibmem nad nakharagnem

.4 ibmep nesod ukales ,.S.M ,onoggnawirT .A .srD kapaB gnay ,II gnibm

ini ispirks aggnihes silunep gnibmibmem nad nakharagnem halet aguj

.anrupmes idajnem

.5 rebmem halet gnay ijugnep mit atoggna ukales ……… kapaB i nakusam

.anugreb tagnas gnay


x

.6 imonokE satlukaF nawayrak nad nesod panegeS atanaS satisrevinU

y amrahD nanayalep nad agrahreb gnay narajagnep nakirebmem halet gna

supmak id umli hupmenem silunep amales nasekreb tagnas gnay

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

.7 retnok kilimep araP - nad llaM iamaR id adareb gnay enohpdnah retnok

atrakaygoY kinorT ajgoJ saN : nial aratna , airtaS ,enohP hsalF ,relulleC aw

rebmem halet gnay enohP odnilleC nad ,relulleC adnA ,enohP i nizi

.ini naitilenep nakukalem tapad silunep aggnihes

.8 amaM nad otnauG suinotnA apaP ayas gnay atnicret anilreH anahoY

hisak nakirebmem ulales ayas nagnukud ,aod ,gn ,naaigahabek ,tahesan ,

halet aguj hisak amireT .ukigab kayal gnay napudihgnep nakirebmem nad

uknakidajnem pudih ipadahgnem malad raget nad tauk gnay gnaro

.pudih ipakiynem malad asawed uktaubmem aggnihes

.9 lales gnay aralC atniluY ,silunep naupmerep araduaS nakirebmem u

.ini taas iapmas tagnames nad aod nagnukud

.01 halet gnay isnatnuka idorp nesod ukales artuP suilenroK okciN kaP

ispirks naiaseleynep malad aynnautnab nad nagnukud nakirebmem ini

.kiab nagned

.11 nameT - ,7002 nemejanaM idorp silunep nagnaujrepes namet aub laiseps t

,olisuS hugeT hisgninigraM ylliB xileF atedarP akidneH suitnecniV , naY

anamreP tapad silunep aggnihes aynnautnab nad nagnukud sata ,

.kiab nagned ini ispirks nakiaseleynem


ix

.21 tabahas tauB - aihtnyC ,itayraM anaibaF ,irasanseoK itseH ,silunep tabahas

nad nautnab sata 7 irausaK sok inuhgnep aumes adapek nad iweD alamuK

males akud nad akus malad naamasrebek atres nakirebid gnay tagnames a

.atrakaygoY id adareb silunep

.31 gnay ini ispirks nanusuynep malad utnabmem halet gnay kahip aumeS

aktubesid tapad kadit .utas rep utas n

anerak nagnarukek kaynab hisam ini ispirks awhab iradaynem siluneP

silunep ,uti anerak helO .silunep ikilimid gnay namalagnep nad nasatabretek

anug acabmep arap irad nugnabmem gnay naras nad kitirk nakparahgnem

.ini ispirks nakanrupmeynem idajnem tapad nad taafnamreb ini ispirks agomeS

naker igab nakusam nahab - .ispirks nusuynem malad naker

,atrakaygoY 1102 rebmevoN

siluneP


iix

ISI RATFAD

namalaH

...................................... LUDUJ NAMALAH .. ...... ....... ........ ...................... .. ..... . ..... i

NAMALAH NAHASEGNEP ................................ ................. .. ............... .. ....... . .. ... ii

NAMALAH NAUJUTESREP ................. .......................... .................... . .. ... ........... i ii

HALAMAN AYRAK NAILSAEK ……………………………………………… iv

NAMALAH PERSEMBAHAN .................. ................ ....... ............. . ... ... .. ....... ... . ..... v

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI…………………… vi

KARTSBA .................... ................ .............................. ............................ ..... .... ... ... ... vii

TCARTSBA ............................ ............... . .............................. ................... . ..... .... .... .... v ii i

RATNAGNEP ATAK ..................................................... ................ ... .. . ..... ..... ...... ... ix

ISI RATFAD ....................................... ................ . ..... .......................... . ..... .... .. ......... xii

LEBAT RATFAD ............................................ ................. ... ................. ... .... ........ .... xvi

NARIPMAL RATFAD ............................................ ................ .................... .... ....... xvii

I BAB NAULUHADNEP ................................ .. . ..................... .......................... 1

.A gnakaleB rataL halasaM .. . ...... .................... . ........................ .............. 1

.B saM nasumuR .................hala .............................................................. 6

.C bmeP halasaM nasata ...................... . ............ . ......................... ............. 6

.D naujuT ..................... naitileneP ...................... . ................................... 7

.E naitileneP taafnaM .................... ..................... ...................... ..... ......... 8

.F nasiluneP akitametsiS .............. . ......................... ..................... ............ 9

II BAB IJAK NA ………………………………………… AKATSUP ...… ..… 11


iiix

.A .…….………………………… iroeT nasadnaL …………………… 11

.1 …………………………… narasameP ...……………………… 11

.2 narasameP nemejanaM ..................... ........................ ...... ............. 21

.3 nemusnoK ukalireP ......................... ........................ ............. ....... 31

.4 narasameP naruaB ......................... ..................... ............ ............ . 81

.5 nemusnoK nasaupeK ................... ............................ . ................. .. 22

.6 nemusnoK satilayoL .. ...... .................... . ....................................... 32

.a ……………… taafnaM .…………………………………… 72

.b satilauK .…………………………… .……………………… 13

.c .…………………………… artiC ..………………………… 37

.d ……………………… lauJ anruP nanayaL ……… . ..……… 14

.e ……………………………………… agraH . ……………… 44

.f umeK ……………….……………… helorepmeM nahad .… 47

.B tileneP ..……………………… aynmulebeS nai ...… ……… ...…..… 50

.C lautpesnoK akgnareK ....................... .. ....... .. ........... . ..... .................... 52

.D sisetopiH ..................................... .... ....... .......... .................................. 53

III BAB NAITILENEP EDOTEM ………………………… ………………… 54

.A .………………………… naitileneP sineJ .………………………… 54

.B sakoL .……………… naitileneP utkaW nad i ……………………… 54

.C naitileneP keybO nad keybuS ……………………… …… . ...……… 54

.D lebairaV ……………………… naitileneP .…...…………………… 55

.E lanoisarepO isinifeD .………………… .…………………………… 56

.F P ………………………… lepmaS nad isalupo .…………………… 62


vix

.G inkeT .…………………… lepmaS nalibmagneP k ………………… 64

.H ataD rebmuS ................. ............................... ...................................... 65

.I ataD nalibmagneP kinkeT ........................ .................... ... .................. 65

.J narukugneP kinkeT ............. ataD ............................... .. . .................... 66

.K naijugneP kinkeT nemurtsnI ............................ ...................... ............ 66

.L eT .………………………… ataD sisilanA kink …………………… 96

VI BAB NAITILENEP KEYBUS MUMU NARABMAG ………… ..……… 84

.A naahasureP nagnabmekreP nad harajeS ................... .......................... 84

.B kudorP nad ,isiV ,isakoL - scinortcelE gnusmaS .TP kudorP ...... .. ..... 85

.C kudorP narabmaG enohpdnaH ledoM gnusmaS neercshcuoT . .…… 87

V BAB NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA ………………… ..……… 94

.A upmugneP naanaskaleP & ataD nal .… nednopseR liforP ..………… 94

.B kinkeT & nednopseR liforP sisilanA amatreP nahalasamreP ...……

.1 umU ……………………… nednopseR r ..………………………

.2 imaleK sineJ ...…………… nednopseR n ..………… ...…………

.3 padneP / ukaS gnaU raseB …… nednopseR naluB rep nata … …

.4 nakididneP rihkareT .…………… nednopseR ..… ..……………

69

69

79

89

99

.C laV ...……… satilibaileR & satidi .……… .………………………… 01 0

.D audeK nahalasamreP sisilanA kinkeT .……………… ..……………

.1 ...…………………………………………… kisalK ismusA ijU

.a .………………………………………………… satilamroN

.b …………………………………………… satireinilokitluM

201

201 201 401 501

601 601


vx

.c ………………………………………… satisitsadeksoreteH

.d ...………………………………………………… satiraeniL

.2 ………………………………… adnagreB isergeR ijU sisilanA

.a ..……………………………… adnagreB isergeR neisifeoK

.b F ijU ..…………………………………… natlumiS ijU uata

.c .……………………………………… laisraP ijU uata T ijU

.d reteD neisifeoK ...…………………………………… isanim

601 701

1 80 1 01

.E agiteK nahalasamreP sisilanA kinkeT ……… ..…………………… 11 1

.F nasahabmeP .…… ..…………………………………………………

.1 .……………………………………………… amatreP halasaM

.2 audeK halasaM …………………………………………………

.3 ………………………………………………… agiteK halasaM

211

211 511

118

IV BAB NASATABRETEK NAD ,NARAS ,NALUPMISEK .……… ..…… 1 91

.A ………………………………… nalupmiseK ………...…………… 1 91

.B ………………………………………… naraS .…………………… 120

.C naitileneP nasatabreteK ……………… .…...……………………… 21 1

AKATSUP RATFAD ………………… ...…………………………… ................... 21 2

NARIPMAL .…………………… ………………………… ... ...……… .................. 128


ivx

LEBAT RATFAD

lebaT luduJ namalaH

1.5 ………………… rumU nakrasadreB kitsiretkaraK isneukerF isubirtsiD ..… 1 92

2.5 .nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB kitsiretkaraK isneukerF isubirtsiD …… …… … 1 92

3.5 / ukaS gnaU nakrasadreB kitsiretkaraK isneukerF isubirtsiD natapadneP … 1 92

4.5 rihkareT nakididneP nakrasadreB kitsiretkaraK isneukerF isubirtsiD …. .… 130

5.5 lisaH satidilaV naijugneP ………… ..………………… ………… .. ..……… 130

6.5 satilibaileR ijU ……………… ..………………… …… ...… ..……………… 131

7.5

8.5

sisotruK & ssenwekS ijU lisaH ( )Y lebairaV …. ...……………… …………

……………………………… )X lebairaV( sisotruK & ssenwekS ijU lisaH

1 13

31 1

.5 9 .…………… satireinilokitluM ijU lisaH ……………… . ……… .. .………… 132

0.6 ………………………… satiraeniL ijU & satisitsadeksoreteH ijU lisaH … 31 2

1.6 adnagreB isergeR ijU lisaH …… ...… ……………………………………… 133

.6 2 ..…………………………………………………… natlumiS ijU uata F ijU 331

.6 3 …………………………………………… saleK lavretnI lebaT ...………… 31 4

4.6 aR lisaH at - …………………………… satilayoL atar ..… ....... .... .................. ...... 135


iivx

NARIPMAL RATFAD

naripmaL .oN luduJ namalaH

I naripmaL lebaT naripmaL 1 82

II naripmaL SSPS ataD halO lebaT naripmaL 139

III naripmaL naitileneP renoisiuK 41 6

VI naripmaL siluneP VC 51 4


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

naka gnusgnal kadit araces igolonket nagnabmekrep nad nahabureP

,rasap asgnap naknahatrepmem malad nahaburep utaus ihuragnepmem

nakrawanem malad naahasurep ratna nagniasrep lubmit ayntabika

sreP .rasap id aynkudorp naahasurep ipadahid gnay sinsib nagnia –

nemejanam tutnunem aggnihes tatek nikames ini taas adap naahasurep

raga narasamep igetarts nakutnenem malad tamrec hibel kutnu naahasurep

fitkepsrep iraD .fititepmok nikames gnay nagniasrep nakgnanemem tapad

rasamep iagabes raulek tapad raga akam naikimed gnay isautis adap ,na

nad niasednem tapad kutnu tutnutid naahasurep nemejanam gnanemep

,nakatpicnem upmam gnay narasamep igetarts nakisatnemelpmignem

aggnihes aynnemusnok nasaupek naktakgninem nad naknahatrepmem

adap padahret nemusnok irad iggnit gnay satilayol atpicret tapad aynrihka

.)3002 ,anilyaM( naahasurep nakrawatid gnay kudorp

tapad raga naahasurep utaus helo ihunepid surah gnay tarayS

kutnu naujut iapacnem ahasureb halada nagniasrep malad seskus

d nakatpicnem nikames gnay nagniasreP .naggnalep naknahatrepmem na

nahunemep malad tabilret gnay nesudorp kaynab nikames anamid ,tatek

surah naahasurep paites nakbabeynem ,nemusok nanigniek nad nahutubek


2

amatu naujut iagabes naggnalep nasaupek adap isatneiro naktapmenem

saupek nad ialin nakirebmem halada nagniasrep nakgnanemem kutnu na

nep iulalem naggnalep adapek satilaukreb asaj nad kudorp naiapmay

gnay nesudorp aynkaynab nikames nagneD .gniasreb agrah nagned

nay nahilip ikilimem nemusnok akam ,asaj nad kudorp nakrawanem g

nemusnok rawanem rawat nataukek naikimed nagneD .kaynab nikames

ayapureb ulales naggnalep ,kudorp utaus ilebmem malaD .raseb nikames

( ialin naklamiskamem eulav ipadahgnem ai taas iD .nakasarid gnay )

aujnep nad ,agrah ,kerem ,kudorp nahilip macam iagabreb naka ai ,l

( ialin nakirebmem gnay narawanep hilimem eulav dereviled remotsuc )

aynsatabret ,isamrofni ,ayaib apureb aladnek nagned iggnitret

.natapadnep nad ,satilibom ,nauhategnep

nakanugid gnay higgnac kudorp nakapurem kinortkele kudorP

namaz adap aisunam itrepes ,gnarakes enohpdnah . enohpdnaH nakapurem

kutnu nemusnok nakhadumem nad higgnac gnay isakinumok tala

haubes malaD .ini taas adap isakinumokreb enohpdnah satilisaf aparebeb ,

,SMM ,SMS halada nakfitkaid asaib gnay mumu c oediv lla , ,semag

aw ,enotgnir ,repapll tahilid tapad ini laH .ayniagabes nad tenretni ,3pm

,7002 nuhat adap )ISPA( aisenodnI huruleS lesnoP isaisosA atad irad

atuj 57 irad hibel iapacnem halet aisenodnI id lesnop anuggnep ataynret

ikilimem tapad gnaro paiteS enohpdnah nolog alages irad utiay ,nag

.sata nad ,hagnenem ,hawab nagnolog enohpdnaH iauses nakatpicid

takaraysam nahutubek nagned nakiausesid gnay isakifiseps nagned


3

gnusmaS .anuggnep irid malad satilayol aynatpicret tapad aggnihes

gnadibid akumekret naahasurep utas halas nakapurem amaturet ,kinortkele

nakatpicnem gnay enohpdnah ulales gnay sinej macam iagabreb nagned

isavoni nakatpicnem - ,nakatpicid gnay kudorp paites adap isavoni

.nalajreb namaz gniries idajret gnay nert itukignem nad nakgnabmekid

mreb halet gnay naahasurep aparebeB nagniasrep ainud malad id nia

enohpdnah .lld ,alorotoM ,snemeiS ,noscirE ynoS ,aikoN nial aratna

luaG muroF nakukalid gnay naitilenep turuneM

( t/php.xedni/evihcra/moc.luagw.mmurof//:ptth -7 lmth.0770 ) nakataynem

naahasurep 3 iagabes tatacret alorotoM nad ,aikoN ,gnusmaS awhab

enohpdnah nagnabmekrep ,iridnes aisenodnI iD .kiabret ajrenik nagned

nikames tahilid tapad ini laH .nakgnagnecnem pukuc gnamem gnusmaS

em aisenodnI takaraysam aynkaynab utas adaP .gnusmaS kerem hilim

nakanuggnem gnaraj tagnas hisam aisenodnI takaraysam ,ulal gnay edaked

enohpdnah adap tubesret takgnirep naturu atad irad ,numaN .gnusmaS

9991 lanoisan skedni ASCI – enohpdnah awhab nakkujnunem 0102

ep imalagnem halet gnusmaS ek takgnirep idajnem nanurun - haletes 4

naixeN ,noscirE ynoS ,aikoN naahasurep helo nakhalakid

( fdp.1_eliF/1/296/di.ca.mitajnpu.stnirpe//:ptth ) .

umaN p taubmem kadit ini nanurunep ,n naahasure smaS gnu

m K .rudnu kudorp aynkaynab nikames akite - ,lucnum gnay kudorp

oni naknapedegnem gnay gnusmaS kudorp nakatpicnem suret ,isav - kudorp

tagnas idajnem natapeceK .ledom lah malad aynsusuhk luggnu gnay


4

are malad gniasreb tapad patet aggnihes gnitnep latigid taas .ini

p irtsudni malad napedret idajnem halet gnay gnusmaS naahasure

nopelet ledom magar akenareb nakatpicnem halet labolg isakinumokelet

.kaynab gnay halmuj nagned nad ini taas rasap id maggneg

nugneM g ubmutrep gnorodnem halet satilaukreb kerem artic naklug nah

maggneg nopelet kudorP .isakinumokelet irogetak malad gnusmaS

s id naggnalep kaynab helo imugakid aguj gnusmaS e ini laH .ainud hurul

nahutubek ihunemem nad libom gnay pudih ayag naktakgninem upmam

libom gnay rasap nanigniekreb aguj gnusmaS ,uti nialeS . napedret idajnem

naka gnay isareneg maggneg nopelet igolonket isasiradnats lah malad

itrepes gnatad xaMiW eliboM nad hgiH - sseccA tekcaP knilnwoD deepS

naahasurep iagabreb nagned imak isnaila nakhokognem kutnu )APDSH(

(.ainud hurules id nopelet /di/moc.gnusmas.www//:ptth laggnat seskaid , 31

1102 ieM .)

enohpdnaH iagabes lanekid gnusmaS enohpdnah ledom nagned -

ledom rutif ipakgnelid salekreb gnay - agrah ,uti nialeS .kiranem gnay rutif

nit utigeb kadit aguj nakrawatid gnay gnusmaS isatnemges nupilakes igg

,ledom nagned isavonireb sureT .sata ek hagnenem salek halada iridnes

aparebeb iskudorpmem halet gnusmaS nagnakaleb enohpdnaH nagned

elyts hcuot .neercs lah malad aynnagnias kudorp nagned nakgnidnabid akiJ

lorotoM halada ini nakraulegnem kaynab hibel gnusmaS ,aikoN nad a

nagned kudorp ot elyts hcu ercs .ne halini salekreb gnay ayag nagned ledoM

aparebeb tukireB .nemusnok atamid luggnu nikames gnusmaS idajnem


5

epit enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS neercshcuot ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S :

gnusmaS ,3563S ,souD mahC ,mahC gnusmaS ,3525S ,3335S ,aoneG

/di/moc.gnusmas.www//:ptth( .0755S ,E3575S ,dirbyH elibom/remusnoc -

erutaef/secived - hcuot/enohp - )neercs

ulales surah nemusnok satilayol nad nasaupek naatpicnep ayapU

akgnit padahret isaulave nagned itukiid gnay satilayol nad nasaupek t

nagned anerak nakulrepid tagnas ini laH .nemusnok helo iapacid

nemejanam ,aynnemusnok satilayol uata nasaupek takgnit iuhategnem

satilayoL .narasamep igetarts nakutnenem tapad naka naahasurep

kutnu gnitnepret naigab nakapurem nad urab nemusnok naitahrep kiranem

nad nakanuggnem patet kutnu amal nemusnok naadarebek agajnem patet

nagnutnuek nad iakapid gnay kudorp padahret fitisop napaggnareb ulales

silunep akam sataid tubesret nasala nagneD .naahasurep helorepid gnay

alem abocnem “ luduj nagned naitilenep nakuk gnay rotkaF sisilanA

anuggneP padahreT nemusnoK satilayoL ihuragnepmeM enohpdnaH

gnusmaS kereM ledoM shcuoT neerc ”


6

.B halasaM nasumuR

halasam naksumurem silunep akam ,tubesret gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB

gnay es itiletid naka : tukireb iagab

.1 anuggnep nemusnok kitsiretkarak anamiagaB enohpdnah gnusmaS

ledom neercshcuot ?

.2 nemusnok satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay ajas apa rotkaF enohpdnah

gnusmaS ledom neercshcuot ?

.3 kerem padahret nemusnok satilayol iggnit aparebeS enohpdnah

gnusmaS dom le neercshcuot ?

.C halasaM nasatabmeP

isatabmem silunep akam ,saul ulalret kadit itiletid gnay halasam ragA

: tukireb iagabes naitilenep

.1 kudorp halada itiletid gnay kudorP enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem

neercshcuot nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S epit nagned yxalaG iniM

.0755S

.2 isakoL atok id naitilenep .atrakaygoY

.3 nakanuggnem halet itiletid gnay anugneP enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS

neercshcuot nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S epit nagned iniM yxalaG

.nalub 3 irad hibel 0755S

.4 rotkaF -f lauk ,kudorp taafnam halada itiletid gnay rotka ,kudorp sati

nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah ,lauj anrup nanayal ,kudorp artic

kudorp helorepmem kadit itilenep ,halasam nasatabmep malaD .


7

( P4 irad naigab nakapurem isomorP .isomorp itilenem ,ecirp ,tcudorp

noitomorp dna ,ecalp .) p malad gnitnep gnaruk isomorP ini naitilene

anuggnep nemusnok anerak enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot halada

gnay nemusnok llew - demrofni apnat isamrofni kaynab helorepmem(

isomorp tahilem surah - D .)naahasurep nakrawatid gnay isomorp mala

p ini naitilenep irad naigab itilenem aynah itilene p ,ecirp ,tcudor nad

p ecal .

.D naitileneP naujuT

: halada ini naitilenep irad naujuT

.1 kutnU irad kitsiretkarak ianegnem isamrofni naktapadnem nemusnok

anuggnep enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem neercshcuot ,W3325S(

nad ,etnoM 0265S iniM yxalaG )0755S .

.2 egnem kutnU satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay ajas apa rotkaf iuhat

anuggnep enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem ledom neercshcuot ,W3325S(

nad ,etnoM 0265S iniM yxalaG .)0755S

.3 padahret nemusnok satilayol iggnit aparebes iuhategnem kutnU

enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem ledom neercshcuot 3325S( 0265S ,W

nad ,etnoM iniM yxalaG .)0755S


8

.E naitileneP taafnaM

: igab taafnam nakirebmem nakparahid ini naitileneP

.1 .naahasurep igaB

naahasurep adapek nakusam nakirebmem tapad ini naitilenep lisaH

kudorp nagnabmegnep malad enohpdnah nad ayntukireb gnay

egnem rotkaf iuhat - idajnem nemusnok taubmem gnay ajas apa rotkaf

.kudorp padahret layol

.2 .satisrevinu igaB

nahabmat iagabes anugreb tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

.ayntujnales itilenep igab naitilenep kutnu nauca iagabes nad isnerefer

.3 .silunep igaB

tileneP iroet nakparenem natapmesek utaus nakapurem ini nai - iroet

nemejanam aynsusuhk ,hailuk amales helorep silunep halet gnay

.narasamep


9

.1 nasiluneP akitametsiS

I BAB nauluhadneP

,halasam gnakaleb ratal ianegnem nakiaruid ini bab malaD

ab ,halasam nasumur ,naitilenep naujut ,halasam nasat

.nasilunep akitametsis ,naitilenep taafnam

II BAB iroeT nasadnaL

gnatnet icnir araces nakakumekid naka ini bab malaD

itrepes halasam sisilana gnukudnem gnay iroet nasadnal

h ,taafnam ,kudorp ,narasamep nemejanam ,narasamep ,agra

nanayal ,satilauk ,kudorp helorepmem nahadumek ,artic

,nemusnok nasaupek ,nemusnok ukalirep ,lauj anrup

akgnarek ,aynmulebes naitilenep ,nemusnok satilayol

.sisetopih nad ,lautpesnok

III BAB naitileneP edoteM

inej gnatnet nakisireb naka ini bab malaD ,naitilenep s

,naitilenep keybo nad keybus ,naitilenep utkaw nad isakol

pop ,lanoisarepo isinifed ,naitilenep lebairav nad isalu

ket ,naitilenep lepmas mas nalibmagnep kin ,naitilenep lep

ket ,atad rebmus bmagnep kin narukugnep kinket ,atad nali

ep kinket ,atad ket nad ,nemurtsni naijugn .atad sisilana kin


01

VI BAB naahasureP mumU narabmaG

,naahasurep nagnabmekrep nad harajes nakisireb ini baB

nad ,naahasurep isasinagro rutkurts ,naahasurep isakol

.ailanosrep

V BAB nasahabmeP nad ataD sisilanA

iaruid ini bab malaD ,atad ispirksed gnatnet nakiaruid nak

.nasahabmep nad ,atad sisilana

IV BAB nasatabreteK nad ,naraS ,nalupmiseK

lisah naklupmiynem kutnu abocnem silunep ini bab malaD -

atad nahalognep lisah nakrasadreb naitilenep lisah

rikimep lisah iagabes naras nakirebmem ,silunep na

.ini nasilunep malad nasatabretek nakrapamem naidumek


11

II BAB

AKATSUP NAIJAK

.A iroeT nasadnaL

.1 narasameP

nataigek malad gnitnep itra ikilimem narasameP

sativitka alolegnem naahasurep anamiagab nad narasamep -

uruneM .aynlanoisarepo sativitka narasamep ,)7:1002( reltoK t

nad udividni aynmalad id gnay laisos sesorp utaus halada

nad nakhutub akerem gnay apa naktapadnem kopmolek

sabeb araces nad nakrawanem ,nakatpicnem nagned naknigni

.nial kahip nagned ialinreb gnay kudorp nakrakutrepmem

turuneM ,nawarI nad ahtsawS malad pitukid( notnatS

irad nahurulesek metsis utaus halada narasamep ,)5:0002

nataigek - ,nakanacnerem kutnu nakujutid gnay sinsib nataigek

nakisubirtsidnem nad nakisomorpmem ,agrah nakutnenem

iab nahutubek naksaumem gnay asaj nad gnarab adapek k

.laisnetop ilebmep nupuam ada gnay ilebmep

naklupmiynem silunep ,sataid isinifed audek iraD

iagabes nakitraid nad saul tagnas gnay itra ikilimem narasamep

nad naggnalep nolac arap adapek nahutubek nakirebmem


21

ad nakaidesid gnay asaj/gnarab parahreb nad amiretid tap

.nasaupek helorepmem

.2 narasameP nemejanaM

sativitka nakapurem narasamep nemejanaM - sativitka

.naahasurep utaus lairejanam sesorp irad idajret gnay

naparenep halada ayntakekah adap naahasurep nemejanaM

narasamep gnadib malad nemejanam isgnuf malaD .

utnabmem tapad kiab gnay narasamep nemejanam naalolegnep

.aynnaujut iapacnem malad naahasurep

nemejanam )81:1002( gnortsmrA nad reltoK turuneM

nad ,isatnemelpmi ,sisilana sesorp halada narasamep

margorp irad nailadnegnep - tnu gnacnarid gnay margorp ku

gnay narakutrep arahilemem nad ,nugnabmem ,nakatpicnem

iapacnem kutnu narasas ilebmep nagned nakgnutnugnem

.naahasurep naujut

nemejanam ,)81:0002( ehcerraL ,reklaW ,dyoB turuneM

,nakanacnerem ,sisilanagnem sesorp halada narasamep

nad ,nakisanidrookgnem margorp nakiladnegnem - margorp

nad isomorp ,agrah napatenep ,napesnokgnep pukacnem gnay

kutnu gnacnarid gnay nasagag nad asaj ,kudorp irad isubirtsid

nakgnutnugnem gnay narakutrep arahilemem nad nakatpicnem

hasurep naujut iapacnem kutnu narasas rasap nagned .naa


31

.3 nemusnoK ukalireP

ahasureb halada naahasurep naujut utas halaS

nemusnoK .nemusnok helo nailebmep ukalirep imahamem

,naajrekep ,nimalek sinej ,aisu irad tahilid negoreteh tagnas

ukaleP .areles aguj ,natapadnep takgnit ,nakididnep takgnit

em ulrep rasap adebm - kopmolek idajnem nemusnok nakadeb -

nagned iauses asaj uata kudorp nakgnabmegnem nad kopmolek

gnisam nahutubek - .kopmolek gnisam

utaus nakapurem )732:4991( elgnE semaJ .F turuneM

atres ismusnokgnem , naktapadnem malad gnusgnal nakadnit

dorp naksibahgnem nasutupek nalibmagnep sesorp kusamret ku

.tubesret nakadnit iuluhadnem gnay

einaleM nad namtlaZ dlareG turunem nakgnadeS

ukalirep ,)3:8891 ,aragenukgnaM malad pitukid( frodnelleW

nakadnit halada nemusnok - nagnubuh nad ,sesorp ,nakadnit

nakukalid gnay laisos isasinagro nad ,kopmolek ,udividni helo

aynnial uata kudorp utaus nakanuggnem ,naktapadnem malad

,kudorp nagned aynnamalagnep irad tabika utaus iagabes

rebmus nad ,nanayalep - .aynnial rebmus

helo ihuragnepid nemusnok nailebmep ukalireP

eltoK( kitsiretkarak : tukireb iagabes )61:2002 ,r


41

.a rotkaF - .ayadub rotkaf

rotkaF - gnilap gnay huragnep nakirebmem ayadub rotkaf

gnay ukalirep nad nanigniek adap maladnem nad saul

gnaro uti irad akam ,rasadnem gnilap - mep gnaro a naras

nanarep imahamem ulrep bus ,ayadub irad - yadub nad ,a

.laisos salek

)1 ( ayaduB )erutluc

( ayaduB )erutluc ep halada n rasadnem gnilap babey

ayadub anerak gnaroeses ukalirep nad nanigniek irad

ialin nalupmuk nakapurem - ,ispesrep ,rasad ialin

helo irajalepid gnay ukal hakgnit nad ,nanigniek

ysam atoggna gnaroes agabmel uata agraulek irad takara

kopmolek paites helo ikilimid ayaduB .aynnial gnitnep

magareb gnay huragnep nakirebmem ini ayadub nad

.hayaliw paites id nailebmep ukalirep adap

)2 buS - ayadub

bus gnudnagnem naayadubek paiteS - gnay ayadub

ekes uata licek hibel ikilimem gnay gnaro kopmol

buS .amas gnay ialin metsis - itupilem ayadub

haread nad sar kopmolek ,amaga ,naaragenagrawek

.sifargoeg


51

)3 laisoS saleK

saleK - naigab halada laisos salek gnay takaraysam

amrep fitaler aynatoggna anamid ipar nususret nad nen

iaynupmem ep nad nagnitnepek ,ialin r .amas gnay ukali

nalisahgnep naknimrecnem aynah kadit laisos saleK

isnereferp nakkujnunem aggnihes rotakidni aguj ipatet

udorp k .adebreb gnay kerem nad

.b rotkaF - laisoS rotkaf

rotkaF - ukalirep ihuragnepmem gnay laisos rotkaf

nemusnok atres agraulek ,licek kopmolek aynaratnaid

.nemusnok sutats nad naruta

)1 kopmoleK

nad ihuragnepmem gnusgnal araces gnay kopmoleK

.naatoggnaek kopmolek tubesid gnaroeses ikilimid

kopmolek : utiay aud idajnem igabret ini kopmoleK

skaretni ikilimem gnay remirp lamrofni ipatet raluger i

naD .ajrekes naker nad ,namet ,agraulek itrepes

lamrof hibel gnay kopmolek utiay rednukes kopmolek

kopmolek ,raluger iskaretni tikides hibel ikilimem nad

isasinagro pukacnem ini - kopmolek itrepes isasinagro

hurub takires ,naamagaek .lanoisseforp isaisosa nad ,

)2 .agrauleK

gnay nemusnok nailebmep isasinagro halada agrauleK


61

kopmolek nakapurem agraulek atoggna ; gnitnep gnilap

.huragnepreb gnilap gnay remirp nauca

)3 .sutats nad nareP

kopmolek iagabreb atoggna nakapurem gnaro paiteS

agraulek malad gnaroeses isisoP .isasinagro nad bulk ,

aynnarep tawel kiab nakpatetid tapad kopmolek paites

isasinagro malad aynsutats nupuam narep paiteS .

y sutats awabmem an gnay naagrahgnep naknimrecnem g

.takaraysam helo nakirebid

.c rotkaF - idabirP rotkaf

nasutupeK helo ihuragnepid aguj ilebmem gnaroses

pahat nad ilebmep rumu : itrepes ,idabirp kitsiretkarak

atres ,pudih ayag ,imonoke isautis ,naajrekep ,pudih sulkis

.irid pesnok nad naidabirpek

.d rotkaF - .igolokisP rotkaf

elo ihuragnepid ilebmem malad gnaroeses nahiliP tapme h

,isavitom : nial aratna ,gnitnep gnay igolokisp rotkaf

.pakis nad nanikayek atres ,nauhategnep nad ,ispesrep

)1 isavitoM

udividni nanigniek nagnorod utaus halada isavitoM

nasaupek helorepmem naujut adap nakharaid gnay

em habureb tapad nahutubek utaus alibapa fitom idajn

gnay satisnetni takgnit iapmas gnasgnarem upmam


71

nahutubek halada nagnorod uata fitoM .ipukucnem

gnaroeses nakharagnem kutnu nakenem pukuc gnay

.nasaupek iracnem

)2 ispesreP

681:1002 ,reltoK( - sesorp utaus halada ispesrep )781

imem gnaroeses nakisatserpretnignem nad ,rutagnem ,hil

gnay narabmag utaus kutnebmem kutnu isamrofni

naksalejid igal tujnal hibeL .ainud ianegnem itrareb

nakatagnem gnay ,)38:1 diliJ 2002 isidE( roniM helo

agit irad naigab utas halas nakapurem ispesrep awhab

itnep rotkaf nasesormep ihuragnepmem gnay gn

natabilretek takgnit ,ispesrep utiay ,isamrofni

anamid sesorp halada ispesreP .iromem nad ,nemusnok

,isamrofni amirenem kutnu sopske id udividni

.aynimahamem nad tubesret isamrofni nakitahrepmem

)3 ( narajalebmeP gninraeL )

ebmeP ( narajal gninraeL nahaburep nakrabmaggnem )

anerak lucnum gnay udividni gnaroes ukalirep

asamid aynnataubrep irad helorepid gnay namalagnep

iulalem gnusgnalreb narajalebmeP .irajalepid tapad ulal

,kujnutep ,nagnasgnar ,nagnorod irad huragnep gnilas

,nopser .naranebmep nad


81

)4 ( nanikayeK feileB ( pakiS nad ) edutittA .)

ianegnem fitpirksed narikimep halada nanikayeK

,naialinep nakrabmaggnem halada pakis utauses

irad netsisnok fitaler gnay nagnurdnecek nad ,naasarep

s sata gnaroeses e .nasagag uata keyorp haub

.4 naruaB ( narasameP xiM gnitekraM )

xiM gnitekraM malad gnitnep rusnu utas halas nakapurem

malad nupuam narasas nautnenep malad kiab ,narasamep

nakutnenem tagnas aguj ini igetartS .igetarts nautnenep

nakiapmaynem akgnar malad naahasurep irad nalisahrebek

aynkudorp malad nailejek nad natapeteK .nemusnok adapek

nakgnabmegnem nad nakutnenem xim gnitekram naka ini

arap irad napaggnat uata nopser ihuragnepmem upmam

mulebes nemusnok arap aynrasad adap anerak ,nemusnok

uata nakanuggnem kutnu aynnasutupek libmagnem

snokgnem nagned ulales utnetret asaj uata kudorp utaus ismu

nenopmok nakgnabmitrepmem turut - irad nenopmok gnitekram

.xim

( narasamep naruaB xiM gnitekraM reltoK pilihP turunem )

: tukireb iagabes nakataynid )26:8002( gnortsmrA yraG nad

iM gnitekraM( narasameP naruaB“ nalupmuk halada )x

tala nakudapid gnay iladnekret sitkat narasamep


91

gnay snopser naklisahgnem kutnu naahasurep

.”narasas rasap id aynnaknigniid

xiM gnitekraM )26:8002 ,gnortsmrA yraG & reltoK pilihP(

agabes halada isomorp nad ,tapmet ,agrah ,kudorp pukacnem i

: tukireb

.a kudorP

nahurulesek malad icnuk nemele nakapurem kudorP

ialum id narasamep naruab naanacnereP .rasap narawanep

ialin nakirebmem gnay narawanep naksumurem nagned

igab rasad idajnem ini narawaneP .narasas naggnalep igab

nugnabmem malad naahasurep gnay nagnubuh

.naggnalep igab nakgnutnugnem

halada kudorp ,)8002( gnortsmrA nad reltoK turuneM

kutnu rasap adapek nakrawatid tapad gnay utauses alages

ismusnok uata naanuggnep ,isisiuka ,naitahrep kiranem

nahutubek uata nanigniek utaus naksaumem tapad gnay .

naktaugnem naka kudorp nagnabmegnep nad namahameP

.nial naahasurep nagned nagniasrep malad kudorp isisop

malad gnitnep naigab idajnem kudorp ,uti anerak helO

adap nagnutnuek hiarem kutnu narasamep nemejanam

nagniasrep nagned nakrawatid gnay naimonokerep gnay

.satab apnat


02

.b agraH

utas nakapurem agraH - rusnu aynutas xim gnitekram

rusnu nakgnades natapadnep naklisahgnem gnay - nial rusnu

takgnit nakutnenem malad aggnihes ,ayaib nakkujnunem

.tapet gnay nagnutihrep aynada ulrep kudorp utaus agrah

agrah napateneP id ukal kudorp gnorodnem naka tapet gnay

agraH .nesudorp nakgnutnugnem aggnihes narasap

,agrah tukgnaynem gnay nakajibek aumes pukacnem

,tiderk tarays ,narayabmep edoirep ,agrah ratfad : aynlasim

nagnotop nairebmep ,nakanacnerid gnay agrah takgnit

ailebmep .lld ,n

halada agrah ,)8002( gnortsmrA & reltoK turuneM

asaj uata kudorp utaus sata nakhigatid gnay gnau halmujes

naggnalep arap nakrakutid gnay ialin irad halmuj uata

uata ikilimem irad taafnam helorepmem kutnu

autneneP .asaj uata kudorp utaus nakanuggnem agrah n

agrah akiJ .laujid naka gnay kudorp nagned iauses surah

nemusnok nad nemusnok itanimid nakrawatid gnay

hadus agrah napatenep itrareb ,tubesret kudorp ilebmem

itrareb ,itanimid kadit nakrawatid gnay agrah akiJ .kiab

aK .tapet gnaruk agrah napatenep agrah ayngnitnep aner

surah napatenep igetarts akam ,kudorp narasamep igab

.tapet nagned imahapid


12

.c tapmeT

taubmem kutnu naahasurep sativitka kusamret tapmeT

nasutupeK .narasas nemusnok igab aidesret kudorp

tapad nemusnok raga gnitnep tagnas tapmet ianegnem

taas adap tapet nakhutubid gnay kudorp helorepmem

.nakhutubid

,nonnaC turuneM la te gnay halada tapmet ,)8002(

adap nad satitnauk malad aidesret asaj nad gnarab taubmem

anaraS .naggnalep nanigniek nagned iauses gnay isakol

rep irad kudorp nakhadnimem kutnu adapek naahasu

irad iridret gnay isubirtsid narulas iulalem halada nemusnok

aynisisop ini aratnarep araP .aratnarep naiakgnar iagabreb

gnay rihka nemusnok nad nesudorp aratna id adareb

isubirtsid narulas utaus kutnebmem

.d isomorP

nataigek nakapurem isomorP helo nakukalid gnay

kudorp irad taafnam nakisakinumokgnem kutnu naahasurep

em nad asaj uata n gnatnet narasas nemusnok naknikay

kutnu nakujutid isomorP .naklisah akerem gnay kudorp

naknahatrepmem nad urab naggnalep naktapadnem

.ada gnay naggnalep

toK turuneM halada isomorp ,)8002( gnortsmrA nad rel

nakhutubmem kiab gnay naggnalep nagnubuh nugnabmem


22

,kiab gnay kudorp nakgnabmegnem radekes irad hibel

.narasas naggnalep igab uti kudorp kutnu agrah nakpatenem

nakisamrofnignem naahasurep ,isomorp nakukalem nagneD

t nagned iatresid nemusnok adapek kudorp gnatne

,tubesret kudorp ajrek arac nad naiakamep nalanegnep

naktagnignem nad nemusnok tanim kiranem kutnu

tubesret kudorp nakhutubmem nemusnok awhab nemusnok

.nahutubek ihunemem kutnu

.5 nemusnoK nasaupeK

aynrasad adaP kutnu halada sinsib utaus irad naujut

nasaupek aynatpicreT .saup asarem gnay nemusnok nakatpicnem

aynaratnaid ,taafnam aparebeb nakirebmem tapad nemusnok

idajnem nemusnok nad naahasurep aratna nagnubuh halada

usnok igab kiab gnay rasad nakirebmem ,sinomrah kutnu nem

atres nemusnok satilayol aynatpicret nad gnalu ilebmem

gnay tulum ek tulum irad isadnemoker kutneb utaus nakirebmem

uata nemusnok nasaupek naitregneP .naahasurep nakgnutnugnem

notliW & esT malad( yaD turunem uti nemusnok nasaupkaditek

asahab hila padahret nemusnok nopser halada )641:0002 ,onotpijT

( naiauseskaditek isaulave noitamrifnocsid aratna nakasarid gnay )

nad )aynnial ajrenik amron uata( aynmulebes naparah ajrenik

kudorp lautka adap idaJ .aynnaiakamep haletes nakasarid gnay


32

nasaupek aynitni naparah aratna naadebrep pukacnem nemusnok

naataynrep nakgnadeS .nakasarid gnay lisah uata ajrenik nad

reltoK pilihP turunem adanes gnay nemusnok nasaupek gnatnet

641:0002 ,onotpijT malad pitukid( - naasarep takgnit halada )741

akgnidnabmem haletes gnaroeses ai gnay )lisah( ajrenik n

.nakasarid

.6 nemusnoK satilayoL

)792:4002 ,ahteragraM neruoM( rekaA turunem satilayoL

kudorp utaus irad nakparahid gnay ukalirep iagabes nakataynid

nailebmep nanikgnumek itupilem nial aratnaid gnay nanayal uata

ep uata tujnal hibel aynkilabes uata ,nanayal naijnajrep nahabur

kerem adapek hilareb naka naggnalep nanikgnumek raseb aparebes

neruoM( llenroF turunem satilayoL .nial nanayal aideynep uata nial

naasaupek irad isgnuf nakapurem )792:4002 ,ahteragraM

ilagnep nagnatnir ,naggnalep .naggnalep nahulek nad ,nah

( naggnaleP remotsuc adebreb )821:4002( otnasuM onsirT turunem )

( nemusnok nagned remusnoc iagabes nakatakid tapad gnaroeses ,)

kutnu irid nakasaibmem ialum tubesret gnaro alibapa naggnalep

nakrawatid gnay asaj uata kudorp ilebmem .ahasu nadab helo

niffirG lliJ turunem naggnalep nakatakid tapad gnay gnaroeseS

: halada )13:2002(


42

.a rutaret araces gnalureb nailebmep nakukaleM

.b asaj nad kudorp inil ratna ilebmeM

.c nial gnaro adapek nakisnerefereM

.d arap nakirat padahret nalabekek nakkujnuneM gniasep

nailebmep iulalem nugnabid tapad tubesret naasaibeK

gnalureb - nakukalem kadit utnetret utkaw akgnaj malad gnalu

nakatakid tapad kadit tubesret gnaro akam gnalu nailebmep

.nemusnok uata ilebmep gnaroes iagabes ipatet naggnalep

satilayoL nem nemusnok adap pitukid ,81.p ,5002( reltoK turu

etisbew php.reweiv/di.ca.artep.biligid//:ptth awhab naktubeynem ,)

naggnalep gnaroes helo nakukalid gnay gnalu nailebmep utaus

ata kerem utaus padahret nemtimok anerak .naahasurep u satilayoL

sata gnaroeses naaitesek nakitraid tapad mumu araces nemusnok

satilayoL .utnetret asaj nupuam gnarab kiab ,kudorp utaus

nasaupek irad natujnalek nad isatsefinam nakapurem nemusnok

lep asaj nupuam satilisaf nakanuggnem malad nemusnok nanaya

idajnem patet kutnu atres ,naahasurep kahip helo nakirebid gnay

.tubesret naahasurep irad nemusnok

.a satilayoL nakutnebmeP pahaT

nagnabmekrep hakgnal narukugnep malad pahat 3 adA

: halada ,)5:4002 ,otnayidiW( pmaksO turunem satilayol


52

)1 : amatrep pahaT fitingoK satilayoL

ini amatrep pahat satilayol iaynupmem gnay nemusnoK

askamem araces isamrofni sisab nakanuggnem

idaJ .aynnial kerem sata kerem utas adap nakkujnunem

takgniT .ajas isingok adap nakrasadid aynah aynsatilayol

wa araces lucnum urab satilayol .la

)2 fitkefA satilayoL : audek pahaT

fitkefa kepsa adap nakrasadid audek pahat satilayoL

isingok irad isgnuf nakapurem pakiS .nemusnok

arp asam( nailebmep lawa edoirep adap )naparahgnep(

aynmulebes pakis irad isgnuf nakapurem nad )ismusnok

pid nasaupek sulp ini pahat satilayoL .ayntujnales edoire

pahat itrepes kadit ,habuid kutnu tilus hibel huaj hadus

kaneb maladek kusam hadus satilayol anerak ,amatrep

iagabes nairidnes aynnakub nad kefe iagabes nemusnok

ini satilayol aynlucnuM .habureb hadum gnay isingok

id .nasaupek rotkaf helo gnorod

)3 .fitkanoK satilayoL : agit pahaT

halada akumid audek pahat adap nial rotkaf duskamid gnaY

helo ihuragnepid gnay ,)nakukalem tain( fitkanok isnemid

nahaburep - rem padahret kefa nahaburep e isanoK .k

imok uata tain utaus nakkujnunem nakukalem kutnu nemt

isgnuf nakapurem tain ,utnetret naujut utaus hara ek utauses


62

pakis nad )ismusnok arp asam adap( aynmulebes tain irad

fitkanok satilayol akaM .)ismusnok acsap asam adap(

nemtimok pukacnem gnay isidnok utaus nakapurem

lem kutnu maladnem .nailebmep nakuka

.b iriC - layoL gnay nemusnoK iric

)1 gnurednec gnay kudorp padahret aites gnay nemusnoK

.nahilip kudorp padahret namayn asarem

)2 takgnit iradaynem hibel aynasaib aites gnay nemusnoK

gnay kudorp ilebmem alibapa iggnit hibel gnay okiser

.adebreb

)3 keS kutnu gnurednec hibel nemusnok licek kopmole

.kudorp padahret aites idajnem

)4 ikilimem naka aguj aynasaib aites gnay nemusnoK

.naahasurep / okot adapek aites kutnu nagnurdnecek

.c amaS gnay kereM adap ilabmeK ilebmeM nemusnoK nasalA

)1 aidesret kadit nial kereM

)2 eM amal ires irad aidesret gnay ker

)3 agrah halasaM

)4 nasutupek nalibmagnep tapecrepmeM

.d rotkaF - satilayoL ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaf

adapirad tilus hibel naggnalep naknahatrepmeM

gnay naggnalep uti babes helo urab naggnalep naktapadnem

raga naknahatrepid surah layol idajnem hadnipreb kadit


72

gnay apa nagned iauses aguj ini laH .gniasep naggnalep

)792:4002 ,ahteragraM neruoM( taiS einneJ helo nakakumekid

ujunem tekit nakapurem naggnalep satilayol awhab utiay

.sinsib aumes seskus

kid naggnalep gnaroeses ,niffirG turuneM uata aites nakata

ukalirep nakkujnunem tubesret naggnalep alibapa layol

anamid isidnok utaus tapadret uata rutaret araces nailebmep

malad ilak 2 tikides gnilap ilebmem naggnalep nakbijawem

.utnetret utkaw gnales

uoM( senleS turunem kutnebet tapad satilayoL ner

nagned saup asarem naggnalep alibapa )792:4002 ,ahtergraM

aggnihes amiretid gnay nanayal takgnit uata gnay kerem

utkaw id nagnubuh naktujnalem suret kutnu tainreb akerem

rotkaF .gnatad naka gnay - ,itiletid naka gnay satilayol rotkaf

: nial aratna

)1 aafnaM t

halada )5:5002 ,thgirW & kcolevoL( taafnaM

ajrenik irad naggnalep helorepid gnay abal uata nagnutnuek

,ini naitilenep malaD .kisif gnarab naanuggnep uata asaj

utas halas nakapurem taafnam paggnagnem itilenep

rotkaf naijugnep malad gnitnep lebairav - otkaf satilayol r

gnarab utaus ilebmem nigni gnaroeses mulebeS .nemusnok


82

taafnam halada nakrikipid gnay amatrep lah akam asaj uata

.ilebid gnay asaj uata gnarab utaus irad helorepid gnay apa

asaj nad kudorp gnatnet rikipreb surah kudorp anacnereP

takgnit 3 malad .)862:8002( gnortsmrA & reltoK turunem

gnisaM - ialin kaynab hibel habmanem takgnit gnisam

,itni taafnam halada rasad gnilap gnay takgniT .naggnalep

naaynatrep idajnem gnay raneb gnay apA - helo ilebid raneb

?ilebmep alum ,kudorp gnacnareM akiteK - rasamep alum

halasam naiaseleynep taafnam ,itni nakisinifednem surah

arap ,audek takgnit adaP .nemusnok iracid gnay asaj uata

idajnem itni taafnam habugnem surah kudorp anacnerep

kudorp rutif nakgnabmegnem surah akereM .lautka kudorp

satilauk takgnit ,niased ,asaj nad nad ,kerem aman ,

.lautka kudorp halada gnusmaS ,hotnoc iagabeS .nasamek

,nial tubirta nad ,nasamek ,rutif ,ayag ,nenopmok ,amaN

kutnu tamrec araces nakgnubagid halet aumes

.gnubuhret patet raga itni taafnam nakratnahgnem

m surah kudorp anacnerep ,aynrihkA kudorp nugnabme

nagned lautka kudorp nad itni taafnam ratikesid nahabmat

.nahabmat nemusnok taafnam nad nanayalep nakrawanem

tala radekes irad hibel nakrawanem surah gnusmaS

ilebmem naggnalep akitek ,uti anerak helO .isakinumok

aahasurep ,gnusmaS enohpdnah nikgnum aynrulaynep nad n


92

nad nenopmok gnatnet nanimaj nakirebmem aguj

nanayalep ,tala nakanuggnem arac iskurtni ,naajregnep

bew sutis atres aslup sabeb romon nad ,ulrep alib nakiabrep

uata halasam iaynupmem akerem akij nakanugid kutnu

.naaynatrep

nemusnoK taafnam nalupmuk iagabes kudorp tahilem

akiteK .akerem nahutubek naksaumem gnay skelpmok

alum ,kudorp nakgnabmegnem - surah rasamep alum

naksaupid naka gnay naggnalep itni nahutubek ilanegnem

surah rasamep arap naidumeK .kudorp haubes helo

kudorp gnacnarem kutnu arac nakumenem nad lautka

nakatpicnem raga uti kudorp igab nahabmat nakirebmem

namalagnep nakirebmem naka gnay taafnam nalupmukes

.naksaumem gnilap gnay naggnalep

taafnam adap naujut 3 tapadret kudorp kepsa malaD

( arasamepisakinumok/40/8002/moc.topsgolb.irausida//:ptth

lmth.n taafnam ,naanuggnep taafnam :nial aratna ,)

.halasam isatagnem malad taafnam nad ,sigolokisp

gnay kudorp helo nakrawatid gnay taafnam tapadreT

malad igabid gnortsmrA & reltoK turunem natakgnit 5

pitukid ,572:7991( malad etisbew

6301/eldnah/maertstib/iulmx/di.ca.amataydiw.ecapsd//:ptth

s?fdp.102%tnetnoc/409/4 1=ecneuqe : utiay ,)


03

)a ( itni taafnaM tifeneb eroc gnay taafnam halada )

amatu nahutubek padahret nahunemep kutnu nakirebid

.huaj karaj aracibreb nahutubek aynlasim ,nemusnok

)b ( rasad taafnaM tifeneb cisab gnay rasad taafnam halada )

am nakhacemem kutnu nakirebid nahutubek halas

.nopelet aynlasim ,amatu

)c ( nakparahid gnay taafnaM tifeneb detcepxe halada )

nahunemep radekes irad hibel nakparahid gnay taafnam

.awabid asib gnay nopelet aynlasim ,rasad nahutubek

)d ( naparah sata id taafnaM tifeneb detnemgua halada )

y taafnam gnay irad hibel nakirebid tapad gna

aynlasim ,nemusnok helo nakparahid enohpdnah gnay

.SMS kutnu nakanugid tapad

)e ( laisnetop taafnaM tifeneb laitnetop aumes halada )

radekes irad nakirebid tapad nikgnum gnay taafnam

tifeneb detnemgua aynlasim , enohpdnah gnay tapad

,aremak ,retnes upmal iagabes nakanugid oediv

xaf ,gnillac oediv ,redrocer .lld ,tenretni ,

malad pitukid ,582:0002( legnE turunem nakgnadeS

nailebmep nakukalem mulebes )nawainruK yreH ispirks

irad taafnam 2 nakgnabmitrepmem nemusnok gnaroes

kudorp : utiay ilebid naka gnay


13

)a kudorp tubirta nakapurem nairatilitu taafnaM

.fitkeybo gnay lanoisgnuf

)b nopser pukacnem aynkilabes utiay kinodeh taafnaM

nad ipmim ,aredni acnap nagnanesek ,lanoisome

nagnabmitrep - .sitetse nagnabmitrep

misid tapad sataid naiaru iraD alages halada taafnam naklup

tapad gnay kudorp haubes helo nakirebid gnay utauses

.nemusnok gnaroes helo nakasarid

)2 satilauK

)a rakap arap irad satilauk naitregneP

)1( ,timaY( 4991 ,sivaD hcsteoG turunem satilauK

gnay simanid gnay isidnok utaus halada )8:5002

hreb ,sesorp ,aisunam ,asaj ,kudorp nagned nagnubu

ihibelem uata ihunemem gnay nagnukgnil nad

.naparah

halada satilauk awhab nakatakid mumu araceS

helo nakutnetid gnay asaj uata kudorp kitsiretkarak

iulalem helorepid gnay nemusnok uata iakamep

b gnay nakiabrep satilauk uata utuM .natujnalekre

nasaupek nagned tare natiakreb kudorp utaus

araces nailebmep naktabikagnem gnay naggnalep

atpicret aggnihes tubesret kudorp adap gnalureb

satilauK .)84:6991 ,onotpijT( nemusnok satilayol


23

lep adapek nagnorod utaus nakirebmem naggna

.naahasurep nagned tauk gnay nataki nilajnem kutnu

ini itrepes nataki ,gnajnap akgnaj malaD

imahamem kutnu naahasurep naknikgnumem

nahutubek atres naggnalep naparah amaskes nagned

.akerem

)2( malad ,93:7002( reltoK turuneM etisbew

naitregnep/ukkutnulekitra/moc.ukkutnu.www//:ptth -

satilauk - lmth.ukkutnu satilauk nakisinifednem ,)

asaj nad gnarab tafis atres iric nahurulesek iagabes

ihunemem naupmamek adap huragnepreb gnay

tarisret gnay nupuam nakataynid gnay nahutubek

)3( “ ukub malad yasdniL .M.W nad snavE R.J ehT

ytilauQ fo lortnoC dna tnemeganaM id pitukid( ”

utnulekitra/moc.ukkutnu.www//:ptth naitregnep/ukk -

satilauk - lmth.ukkutnu ) tapad satilauk awhab ,

,isnetsisnok ,naanrupmesek iagabes nakitraid

,namirignep natapecek ,naigurek nakgnalihgnem

,nakajibek nad rudesorp itukignem sesorp

nakukalem ,anugreb gnay kudorp naklisahgnem

awa irad raneb gnay uata nakajnamem ,l

nad nanayalep nad naggnalep nakgnaneynem

.naggnalep igab latot nasaupek


33

)4( eK aganeT sativitkudorP aniB( 42:8991 ,ajr - 52

pitukid www:ptth php.xedni/moc.nemejanamumli. )

: saul hibel satilauk naitregneP

)a( ( anrupmes gnay tajareD lecxe fo eerged ecnel : )

padahret fitarepmok naitregnep gnudnagnem

( kudorp takgnit edarg .utnetret )

)b( ( satilauk takgniT level ytilauq gnudnagnem : )

isaulavegnem kutnu satilauk naitregnep

.lakinhet

)c( ( nakanugid kutnu naiauseseK esoprup rof ssentif

noitcafsitas rof esu mamek : ) uata kudorp naup

.naggnalep nasaupek nakirebmem malad asaj

naktakgninem tapad naahasurep naikimed nagneD

naahasurep anamid ,aynnaggnalep nasaupek

gnay naggnalep namalagnep nakmumiskamem

nakadainem uata nakmuminimem nad nakgnaneynem

nay naggnalep namalagnep .nakgnaneynem gnaruk g

nakatpicnem tapad naggnalep nasaupek aynnarilig adaP

naahasurep padahret naggnalep satilayol uata naaitesek

.naksaumem satilauk nakirebmem gnay

)b kudorP satilauK naitregneP

)1( ,3991 ,RJ ,tluaereP ,mailliW( kudorp satilauK

malad 351.lah w etisbe


43

huragnep/60/8002/moc.topsgolb.usmuinaisus//:ptth -

aidem - nalki - nad - lmth.satilauk utauses alages utiay )

nakrawatid gnay nahutubek ihunemem tapad gnay

ep utaus gnay gnaro kutnu adebreb gnay naahasur

uata tapmet nad utkaw adap gnutnagret nad adebreb

.”naujut nagned iauses“ nakatakid gnires

)2( isinifed nakirebmem )42:3991( enyaP turuneM

ialin nagned kutneb utaus halada kudorp satilauk

.skelpmok gnay nasaupek

)c k isnemiD nakidajid gnay rakap arap turunem satilau

:nial aratna ,kudorp satilauk rotakidni

)1( 923:0002( reltoK turuneM - napaled ada )333

: tukireb iagabes halada satilauk isnemid

)a( ( ajreniK ecnamrofrep )

isgnuf uata kitsiretkarak nakapurem ajreniK

nI .kudorp utaus amatu taafnam nakapurem i

aynasaiB .ileb atik gnay kudorp taisahk uata

atik amatrep nagnabmitrep idajnem ini

.kudorp ilebmem

)b( iriC - nahabmat naawemitsiek uata iric

( erutaef .)

isnemiD erutaef uata kitsiretkarak nakapurem

iric - taafnam ipakgnelem gnay nahabmat iric


53

d uata nahilip tafisreb rutiF .kudorp utaus rasa

noitpo amatu taafnam ualaK .nemusnok igab

.nakhabmatid ilakgnires rutif ,radnats hadus

satilauk naktakgninem asib rutif ,aynedI

.ikilimem kadit gniasep ualak kudorp

)c( ( naladnaheK ytilibailer taus satilibaborp : ) u

.lagag uata isgnufreb kadit kudorp

)d( ( isakifiseps nagned naiauseseK ecnamrofnoc

snoitacificeps ot .)

ecnamrofnoC ajrenik naiausesek halada

utaus nakataynid gnay radnats nagned kudorp

ihunepid surah gnay ijnaj macames inI .kudorp

mem gnay kudorP .kudorp helo satilauk ikili

nagned iauses itrareb ini isnemid irad

.aynradnats

)e( ( nahat ayaD ytilibarud .)

utiay ,kudorp aisu nakkujnunem nahat ayaD

mulebes kudorp utaus naiakamep halmuj

nikameS .kasur uata nakitnagid uti kudorp

.tewa nikames utnet aynnahat ayad amal

dorP hibel nakispesrepid naka tewa gnay ku

tapec gnay kudorp nakgnidnabid satilaukreb

.itnagid tapec uata sibah


63

)f( ( inayalem naupmameK ytilibaecivres .)

satilauk inisid ,aynankam nagned iauseS

rasad rasad sata nakutnetid kudorp

,tapec ,hadum : ikiabrepid naupmamek nad

ikiabrepid upmam gnay kudorP .netepmok

gnidnabid iggnit hibel aynsatilauk utnet

.ikiabrepid tilus uata kadit gnay kudorp

)g( ( akitetsE citehtsea .)

citehtseA tukgnaynem nahadniek uata

nemusnok taubmem gnay kudorp nalipmat

alad nakukalid ilakgnires inI .akus kutneb m

aparebeB .aynnasamek uata kudorp niased

hibel ayapus aynhajaw iurahabrepmem kerem

.nemusnok atamid kitnac

)h( nakispesrepid gnay satilauk natapeteK

( ytilauq deviecrep .)

gnay satilauk halada rihkaret isnemiD

naialinep tukgnaynem inI .nakasarid

nemusnok .nalki uata ,kerem artic padahret

kudorP - lanekret keremreb gnay kudorp

satilaukreb hibel nakispesrepid aynasaib

kerem gnidnabid - .ragnedret kadit gnay kerem

ayapureb ulales kudorp aynbabes halutI


73

ikilimem aggnihes aynkerem nugnabmem

ytiuqe dnarb ggnit gnay kadit ini ajas utneT .i

tukgnaynem anerak malames nugnabid tapad

irad satilauk isnemid kusamret kepsa kaynab

.ayniagabes nad ,nahat ayad ,rutif ,ajrenik

)2( malad ,93:7002( maharG nad aroeteC etisbew

aitregnep/ukkutnulekitra/moc.ukkutnu.www//:ptth

n- satilauk - lmth.ukkutnu ) awhab nakakumegnem ,

satilauk : isnemid 2 maladek nakadebid satilauk

.ajrenik satilauk nad rasap fitkepsrep irad

numan ,gnitnep pesnok nakapurem aynaudeK

nadnap hibel kudorp satilauk sata nemusnok nag

irad satilauk nagned nagnubuhreb kaynab

satilauk nagned nakgnidnabid rasap fitkepsrep

.lisah

)3 artiC

)a artiC isinifeD

)1( arac halada artic ,)6002( relleK & reltoK turuneM

naahasurep )nakrikimem( ispesrepmem takaraysam

ata .aynkudorp u

)2( nakapurem aguj )052:3002 ,reltoK( artiC

ikilimid gnay nasek nad ,edi ,nanikayek takgnarepes

nad pakiS .keybo utaus padahret gnaroeses helo


83

nakutnetid tagnas keybo padahret gnaro nakadnit

tubesret tapadneP .tubesret keybo artic helo

akkujnunem naggnalep ukalirep nad pakis ,awhab n

kudorp artic helo ihuragnepid tapad kudorp padahret

artic kiab nikameS .naggnalep atamid tubesret

nad pakisreb naka naggnalep akam ,kudorp

.kudorp padahret fitisop ukalirepreb

)3( 2( cnalbeL & neyugN helo nakakumekid artiC )200

hurules halada artic awhab nakisinifednem gnay

takaraysam narikip irad taubret gnay nasek

nagned nagnubuhreb ini laH .isasinagro ianegnem

nasek nad ,asaj uata kudorp sinej ,rutketisra ,aman

isasinagro ajrekep pait helo isakinumok utum irad

tnireb gnay nakapurem artiC .neilk nagned isakare

naggnalep nagned naahasurep iskaretni irad lisah

gnay ,isamrofni nupuam namalagnep iulalem kiab

naggnaleP .naggnalep naayacrepek nugnabmem

nay kudorp nakanuggnem gnurednec naka g

uata kiab gnay artic ikilimem aynturunem snok netsi

msoB .aynnaparah nagned )9002( netraM & na

gnurednec nemusnok awhab nakataynem

pirim artic ikilimem gnay kudorp nakanuggnem

( aynirid artic nagned egami fles .)


93

)4( malad pitukid ,261:7891( nikfeJ knarF turuneM

di?php.lekitra_liated/moc.kitsitatslabolg.www//:ptth

34= irid irad isaulave lisah nakapurem artic ,)

namahamep nad ispesrep nakrasadreb gnaroeses

,haloid halet gnay narabmag padahret

kaneb malad napmisid nad ,nakisasinagroid

eses .gnaro

)b kudorp artic itilenem itilenep ,ini naitilenep malaD

,kudorp artic irad isinifeD .naitilenep lebairav iagabes

: utiay

)1( gnay isaisosa nalupmukes halada kudorp artiC

.kudorp utaus padahret nemusnok nakispesrepid

( H/25/meti/lanruoj/moc.ylpitlum.efilrenniweht//:ptth

sutupeK_nad_egamI_dnarB_kereM_artiC_nagnubu

amauM_knaB_susaK_idutS_nailebmeP_na odnI_tal

gnabmelaP_aisen )1102 inuJ 7 laggnat seskaid ,

)2( ,652:5991( llewkcalB ,drainiM ,legnE turuneM

etisbew malad pitukid gnay

i/lanruoje/di.ca.artep.2tilsup//:ptth itra/ram/php.xedn

88971/08081/eliFweiv/elc ,) c kudorp haubes arti

naksutumem malad nemusnok ihuragnepmem

nahutubek ihunemem kutnu kudorp utaus hilimem

helo nakataynid anamiagabeS .aynnanigniek nad


04

id arac“ : utiay ,kudorp artic ianegnem uaenitraM

aubes anam kaneb malad id nakisinifedid kudorp h

aynlanoisgnuf satilauk helo naigabes ,ajnalebmep

”.aynsigolokisp tubirta helo igal naigabes nad

padahret tubesret isaulave nakukalem nemusnoK

.kudorp tubirta padahret nupuam kudorp

tubesid tubesret isaulave nahuruleseK artic iagabes

gnay satilaer nakapurem artic aneraK .kudorp

taubmem utkawes nemusnok helo nakladnaid

tala nakapurem artic narukugnep akam ,nahilip

.nemusnok silana arap kutnu laisnese

)3( narabmag halada kudorp artiC - nasek ,narabmag -

nanikayek nad ,nasek - ikayek helo ikilimid gnay nan

aynmaladid kusamret ,kudorp padahret nemusnok

irad isasnes adap nakrasadid gnay ispesrep

gnay kudorp nagned natiakreb gnay nagnasgnar

.aredni amilek iulalem amiretid

( idnu.stnirpe//:ptth /98301/di.ca.p )

)c rotakidnI - ,rakap arap turunem kudorp artic rotakidni

: nial aratna

)1( artic awhab naktubeynem )3002( reltoK turuneM

( nasek nalupmukes nakrabmaggnem noisserpmi ,)

( naayacrepek sfeileb ( pakis nad ,) sedutitta .)


14

)2( ta itupilem kudorp artic rotakidnI kudorp tubir

igab taafnam ,tubesret utaus padahret nemusnok

,kudorp nad .nanimaj

( t//:ptth H/25/meti/lanruoj/moc.ylpitlum.efilrenniweh

sutupeK_nad_egamI_dnarB_kereM_artiC_nagnubu

odnI_talamauM_knaB_susaK_idutS_nailebmeP_na

gnabmelaP_aisen )

)4 lauJ anruP nanayaL

nakrawatid gnay asaj halada lauj anrup nanayaL

rt haletes aynnemusnok adapek nesudorp helo iskasna

kudorp kutnu utum nanimaj iagabes nakukalid nalaujnep

.aynnakrawatid gnay

halitsi nagned nakamasid gnires lauj anrup nanayaL

.adebreb gnay lah halada aynaudek lahadaP .isnarag

ukalep aratna lautkartnok natapesek nakapurem ini isnaraG

nok nad ahasu halaS .kudorp utaus nalaujnep malad nemus

aud natakapesek utaus halada isnarag irad naitregnep utas

gnaroes irad nanimaj uata nagnuggnat apureb gnay kahip

irad sabeb tubesret lauj ai gnay gnarab awhab laujnep

helo aynmulebes iuhatekid kadit gnay nakasurek laujnep

utkaw akgnaj aynup ini nanimaj uata isnarag aynmizal nad

naitregneP .)nuhat 3 ,nuhat 2 ,nuhat 1 aynmizal( utnetret

malad nakirebid aguj ini lauj anrup nanayal gnatnet nupuata


24

nagnagadreP nad nairtsudnireP iretneM nasutupek

436.oN aisenodnI kilbupeR gnatnet 2002/9/peK/PPM/

asaJ uata nad gnaraB nasawagneP araC ataT nad nautneteK

nanayalep naktubesid 21 nad 1 lasap ,rasap id radereb gnay

ukalep helo nakirebid gnay nanayalep halada lauj anrup

gnay asaj uata nad gnarab padahret nemusnok adapek ahasu

aujid naladnahek ,nahat ayad ,utum nanimaj lah malad l

gnarukes lanoisarepo - amales ayngnaruk .nuhat 1

( C/3/16122/987654321/maertstib/di.ca.usu.yrotisoper//:ptth

fdp.II02%retpah .)

: lauj anrup nanayal naujuT

)a nemusnok nolac uata nemusnok tanim agajnem kutnU

kudorp naluggnuek irad fitisop pakis saulrepmem nad

.nakijnajid halet gnay

)b nad isadnemoker ,namugakek ,nasaupek nakhubmuneM

.gnalu nailebmep aynaumes sataid

)c acrepek nakatpicneM .isatuper nad ,irid nanikayek ,naay

)d kusamret nataraysrep nagned isnarag nakpakgnugneM

araces )ada alib( gnadac ukus gnatnet nasalejnep

.akubret lauj anrup nanayal/gro.aidepikiw.di//:ptth(

)1102 lirpA 72 laggnat adap seskaid


34

lauJ anruP nanayaL igetartS

aD naahasurep nakaynabek ,nanayal naaideynep mal

aynasaib kirbaP .satnep aparebeb tawel ujam karegreb

ukus nemetraped naknalajnem nagned nalaujnep ialumem

,utkaw aparebeb amaleS .akerem nanayal nad gnadac

nad natawarep nanayal kaynab hibel nakhilagnem kirbap

araP .gnanewreb gnay relaed nad rotubirtsid adap nakiabrep

id isareporeb ,naggnalep nagned taked hibel ini aratnarep

gnay nanayal nakrawanem tapad nad ,isakol kaynab hibel

adap nagnutnuek naklisahgnem hisam kirbaP .tapec hibel

m numan gnadac ukus nalaujnep nagnutnuek naklaggnine

naahasurep ,naidumeK .aratnarep arap adap nanayal

inagnanem ini isasinagrO .lucnum iridnam gnay nanayal

,isakinumokelet ,hanat hawab narulas ,libom nakiabrep

macam nad napakgnelrep - .nial napakgnelrep sinej macam

awanem aynmumu akereM hadner hibel gnay agrah nakr

uata kirbap gnidnabid tapec hibel gnay nanayal uata

,naT ,gnoeL ,gnA ,reltoK( .gnanewreb gnay aratnarep

661:3002 - .)761

silunep akam ,sataid naiaru irad nakrasadreB

nanimaj utiay ,lauj anrup nanayal irad rotakidni libmagnem

utum nakapurem utum nanimajnep mumu araceS .satilauk/

naalolegnep utum radnats nahunemep nad napatenep sesorp


44

,nemusnok aggnihes ,natujnalekreb nad netsisnok araces

helorepmem nagnitnepekreb gnay nial kahip nad ,nesudorp

atakid tapad aguj utum nanimaJ .nasaupek iagabes nak

.kudorp haubes kutnu nakirebid gnay isnarag

( adnep/yrogetac/moc.sserpdrow.snumukuhbewnimda//:ptth

/nauluh )

)5 agraH

ialin rotakidni iagabes nakanugid ilakgnires agraH

namalib gnay taafnam nagned nakgnubuhid tubesret agrah a

.asaj uata gnarab utaus sata nakasarid

)a : imonoke rakap arap turunem agrah isinifeD

)1( halada )543:8002 ,gnortsmrA & reltoK( agraH

kudorp utaus sata nakhigatid gnay gnau halmujes

lin irad halmuj uata ,asaj uata nakrakutid gnay ia

irad taafnam helorepmem kutnu naggnalep arap

.asaj uata kudorp utaus nakanuggnem uata ikilimem

)2( malad pitukid gnay 0002 ,namdetS( agraH

rcs.www//:ptth rabmaG/7/81045894/cod/moc.dbi -2-

3- rotakidnI - rotakidni - agraH nakisakifitnedignem )

gnitnep rotkaf utas halas nakapurem agrah awhab

nemusnok ukalirep ihuragnepmem tapad gnay

uata gnarab utaus anerak ,kerem nailebmep malad

napeS .ialin iaynupmem halitsap asaj gnaj


54

gnay amatu rotkaf idajnem halet agrah ,aynharajes

.ilebmep arap nahilip ihuragnepmem

)3( iagabes agrah nakisinifednem )0991( ahtsawS

haubes kutnu nakrakutid gnay gnau halmujes

halada agrah ,igal huaj hibeL .asaj uata kudorp

ay ialin hurules irad halmujes nakrakut nemusnok gn

uata ikilimem nagned taafnam halmuj kutnu

.asaj nad gnarab utaus nakanuggnem

aud ikilimem agrah )1002( onotpijT ydnaF turuneM

arap nasutupek nalibmagnep sesorp malad amatu nanarep

: utiay ,ilebmep

)a gnuf utiay ,agrah irad isakola nanareP malad agrah is

arac naksutumem kutnu ilebmep arap utnabmem

gnay iggnitret satilitu uata taafnam helorepmem

iagabreb adaP .aynileb ayad nakrasadreb nakparahid

agrah nakgnidnabmem ilebmeP .asaj uata gnarab sinej

idumek ,aidesret gnay fitanretla iagabreb irad na

.ikadnehekid gnay nad isakola naksutumem

)b malad agrah isgnuf utiay ,agrah irad isamrofni nanareP

rotkaf ianegnem nemusnok kidibmem - kudorp rotkaf

malad taafnamreb amaturet ini laH .satilauk itrepes

kutnu natilusek imalagnem ilebmep anamid isautis

ialinem .fitkejbo araces taafnam uata kudorp rotkaf


64

gnay agrah awhab halada ukalreb gnires gnay ispesreP

.iggnit gnay satilauk naknimrecnem laham

agrah awhab nakakumegnem naitilenep aparebeb irad lisaH

nakispesrepid ilakgnires kerem utaus irad iggnit gnay

ikilimem padahret akep kadit nad iggnit gnay satilauk

kerem itrepes ,agrah nagnotop nagniasrep - nagned kerem

agraH .)0002 ,eeL nad ,uhtnod ,ooY( hadner gnay agrah

kudorp satilauk ispesrep naklubminem tapad iggnit gnay

M( kudorp utaus irad alup iggnit gnay asaj uata ,eorno

lA turuneM .)3791 - ialinem yeliR nad icnikE ,yhabbaS

surah gnay agrah narajawek padahret nednopser ispesrep

rayabid gnileef lanretni agrah sata akerem nauhategnep nad

.amas gnay gnadib adap aynnial asaj aideynep irad

)b agraH rotakidnI

)1( m agrah rotakidnI 122:0002( reltoK pilihP turune -

: )562

)a( nemusnok nagnauek isidnoK

)b( gniasep agraH

)c( agrah nagnotoP

)2( ispirks malad pitukid gnay ; 8991( notnatS turuneM

rotakidni tapme ada ,)0102 ,gnabmeL auD ativsoR

: agrah nakiricnem gnay

)3( agrah nauakgnajreteK


74

)4( ed agrah naiauseseK satilauk nagned nagn

kudorp

)5( agrah gnias ayaD

)6( taafnam nagned agrah naiauseseK

)7( lA ;)5002( drahcnA nad ,yttihC ,draW turuneM -

( yeliR nad ,icnikE ,yhabbaS )5891( lmahtieZ ;)4002

pitukid( malad

/moc.dbircs.www//:ptth SISILANA/40103972/cod -

ROTKAF -2 dni 3 tapadret ) : utiay ,rotaki

)a( agrah naarikreP

)b( nanabrognep naiauseseK

)c( agrah narajaweK

)6 helorepmeM nahadumeK

hadumrepmem tapad gnay utauses halada nahadumeK

,aisenodnI asahaB sumaK( ahasu racnalrepmem uata

nakapurem kudorp helorepmem nahadumeK .)26:2002

ret gnay rotakidni nakapurem narulaS .narulas malad kusam

,asaj nad kudorp narulaynep malad gnitnepret naigab

nalaujnep ,kudorp naisubirtsidnep tapmet kusamret

.retupmok aidem iulalem nalaujnep nad gnusgnal

surah aguj isubirtsid sesorp malad narulas nahilimeP

dap nakrasadid .nailebmep namalagnep malad nanigniek a

adebreb tapad narulas paiteS - aparebes irad tahilid adeb


84

gnay naras nairebmep nad nautnab ,nanayalep raseb

gnatner ,kiranem gnay nalipmat nad satilisaf ,nakirebid

malad nahadumek ,lauj anrup nanayalep ,agrah

ktapadnem gnay aynnial kepsa nad nautnab na

.naggnalep nailebmep sesorp ihuragnepmem

ulrep naahasurep isavoni mit ,ini lah malaD

tapad aggnihes ,naggnalep nailebmep sesorp irajalepmem

nakutnenem nad nugnabid gnay namalagnep gnukudnem

emem tapad gnay kiabret narulas .tubesret sesorp ihun

reltoK( gnitnep rusnu aud tapadret narulas malaD &

irad iridret gnay )1002 ,gnortsmrA

)a gnusgnaL narulaS

gnusgnal isubirtsid nagniraj halada gnusgnal narulaS

kutnu naahasurep nakanugid gnay aratnarep apnat nad

ep adap aynkudorp laujnem .naggnal

)b gnusgnaL kadiT narulaS

kadit isubirtsid nagniraj halada gnusgnal kadit narulaS

natakgnit hibel uata utas pukacnem nad gnusgnal

gid gnay aratnarep laujnem kutnu naahasurep nakanu

.aynkudorp ( /:ptth php.reweiv/di.ca.artep.biligid/ )

nahadumek awhab naklupmisid ,sata id naiaru iraD

helo nakukalid gnay ayapu nakapurem kudorp helorepmem

iulalem aynkudorp nakisubirtsidnem malad naahasurep


94

nupuam retupmok aidem narulas kiab narulas iagabreb

sgnal nalaujnep gnaroeses nakhadumem aggnihes gnu

.naknigniid gnay kudorp helorepmem malad

rotakidnI - ,kudorp helorepmem nahadumek irad rotakidni

: nial aratna

)a gnusgnal naisubirtsidnep tapmeT

utnabid kadit naahasurep ,kudorp naiapmaynep malaD

nem naahasureP .aratnarep helo gnusgnal lauj

kudorp laujnem itrepes ,nemusnok adapek aynkudorp

uata hamurid atsep iulalem uata utnip ek utnip irad

araces laujnem uata ,tenretni sutis ,nopelet ,tarus ,rotnak

.iridnes aynokot iulalem gnusgnal

)b ( gnusgnal nalaujneP gnilles tcerid )

nalaujneP gnarab nalaujnep edotem halada gnusgnal

arac nagned nemusnok adapek utnetret asaj uata nad

nagniraj helo patet narece isakol raulid akum patat

.ahasu artim helo nakgnabmekid gnay narasamep

( 2%nasilunep/repap/stneduts/di.ca.kitskaj.egarots//:ptth

9950f17e90f=nekot?fdp.II02%BAB/56140403/haimli0

PFDP#3510616031|ac7f6ac3d706045e8db3dfc2ed744 )


05

)c jneP aidem iulalem nalau enilno .

aidem iulalem nakukalid tapad kudorp nalaujneP

sutis uata imser etisbew - nakaideynem gnay sutis

.ileb lauj nataigek

.B aynmulebeS naitileneP

.)5002( aratnA edaM nad itutsairA uyA gnugA itsuG iN

rotkaF - yoL ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaf padahreT naggnaleP satila

idajnem gnay nupadA .rasapneD atok id orsoS lotoB heT kereM

rotkaF :iuhategnem kutnu halada ini naitilenep naujut - gnay rotkaf

oB heT kerem padahret naggnalep satilayol nakutnenem orsoS lot

v iuhategnem kutnu nad lebaira - nay lebairav paites ilikawem g

heT kerem padahret naggnalep satilayol nakutnenem gnay rotkaf

.orsoS lotoB

f halada ini naitilenep lisaH rotka - nakutnenem gnay rotkaf

,rotkaf 7 ada orsoS lotoB heT kerem padahret naggnalep satilayol

iric rotkaf ,ajrenik rotkaf utiay - /iric rotkaf ,nahabmat naawemitsiek

rotkaf ,nahat ayad/naladnaek rotkaf ,isakifiseps nagned naiausesek

niek rotkaf nad nakispesrepid gnay satilauk rotkaf ,nanayalep nahad

v nad lebaira - gnay rotkaf paites ilikawem gnay lebairav

ahret naggnalep satilayol nakutnenem orsoS lotoB heT kerem pad

.isakifitnediid gnay lebairav 81 irad lebairav 51 ada


15

lebairaV - ,kudorp nahisrebek lebairav utiay tubesret lebairav

kudorp taafnam lebairav nad ,nanakam nagned naiausesek lebairav

surep kerem lebairav ;ajrenik rotkaf ilikawem gnay lebairav ,naaha

iric rotkaf ilikawem gnay kudorp naruku lebairav nad ,kudorp asar -

nad ismusnok nanamaek lebairav ;nahabmat naawemitsiek/iric

naiausesek rotkaf ilikawem gnay nasamegnep utum lebairav

nok ek iapmas kudorp nahutuek lebairav ;isakifiseps nagned nemus

gnay acauc macam alages padahret kudorp nanahatek lebairav nad

nahadumek lebairav ;nahat ayad/naladnaek rotkaf ilikawem

lebairav ;nanayalep rotkaf ilikawem gnay kudorp helorepmem

ilikawem gnay naahasurep isomorp lebairav nad kudorp agrah

ilauk rotkaf nad kudorp amora lebairav ;nakispesrepid gnay sat

.nahadniek rotkaf ilikawem gnay kudorp anraw

rotkaf itilenem naka silunep ,ini naitilenep malaD - apa rotkaf

utiay ,nemusnok satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay ajas taafnam

yal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp agrah ,lauj anrup nana

kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp anuggnep padahret

kudorp enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem neercshcuot ,W3325S(

65S nad ,etnoM 02 iniM yxalaG 55S .)07


25

.C lautpesnoK akgnareK

silunep akam ini naitilenep imahamem nakhadumem kutnU

mek :tukireb iagabes lautpesnok akgnarek nakaku

satilayoLnemusnoK

)Y(

)Y(

kudorP agraH

X( 5)

nahadumeK helorepmeM

X( kudorP 6)

kudorP taafnaM

X( 1)

)1X(

kudorP satilauK

X( 2)

)2X(

lauJ anruP nanayaL X( kudorP 4)

)3X(

kudorP artiC

X( 3)

X( 5)


35

: nagnareteK

natlumis araceS

laisrap araceS

.D sisetopiH

iroet naijak nakrasadreB - tapad silunep akam sataid iroet

emes naitilenep lisah naklupmiynem : utiay aratn

H0 : anrup nanayal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp taafnam

kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah ,lauj araces

amasreb - adap nemusnok satilayol padahret huragnepreb amas

enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem ledom neercshcuot ,W3325S epit

265S nad ,etnoM 0 iniM yxalaG .0755S

Ha : anrup nanayal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp taafnam

kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah ,lauj araces

huragnepreb laisrap fitisop padahret nemusnok satilayol padahret

kudorp enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem edom l neercshcuot epit

nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S iniM yxalaG .0755S


45

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A naitileneP sineJ

susak iduts apureb nad fitpirksed naitilenep halada ini naitilenep sineJ

anuggnep adap enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem neercshcuot epit

265S ,W3325S nad ,etnoM 0 iniM yxalaG atok id 0755S .atrakaygoY

.B utkaW nad isakoL

isakoL : atok .atrakaygoY

utkaW naluB : iluJ - sutsugA .1102

.C keybO nad keybuS

.1 naitilenep keybuS anuggnep hurules : enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem

ledom neercshcuot d ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S epit iM yxalaG na in

atok id 0755S .atrakaygoY

.2 naitilenep keybO arap satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf :

anuggnep enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem ledom neercshcuot epit

nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S iniM yxalaG itupilem gnay 0755S

dorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp taafnam ,lauj anrup nanayal ,ku

kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah satilayol nad

.nemusnok


55

.D naitileneP lebairaV

lebairav utiay ,ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay lebairav aud adA

nagned nakataynid ayntujnales gnay sabeb lebairav uata nednepedni

lobmis gnay sabeb kadit lebairav uata nedneped lebairav nad X

.Y lobmis nagned nakataynid ayntujnales

)b )X( nednepednI/sabeB lebairaV

bairav ihuragnepmem gnay lebairav nakapurem sabeb lebairaV e l

:itupilem ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay sabeb lebairaV .takiret

.1 taafnaM X( kudorp 1)

.2 satilauK X( kudorp 2)

.3 artiC X( kudorp 3)

.4 lauJ anruP nanayaL X( kudorp 4)

.5 P agraH X( kudor 5)

.6 kudorP helorepmeM nahadumeK X( 6)

)c )Y( takireT lebairaV

lebairav helo ihuragnepid gnay lebairav nakapurem takiret lebairaV

ad takiret lebairaV .sabeb .nemusnok satilayol halada ini naitilenep mal

nemtimok anerak ilabmek nailebmep halada nemusnok satilayoL

tapad gnaroeseS .naahasurep uata kerem padahret nikay kutnu

naggnalep nakatakid : halada

.1 .rutaret araces gnalureb nailebmep nakukaleM

.2 il ratna ilebmeM .asaj nad kudorp in

.3 .nial gnaro adapek nakisnerefereM


65

.4 .gniasep arap nakirat padahret nalabekek nakkujnuneM

.E lanoisarepO isinifeD

.1 haubes helo nakirebid gnay utauses alages halada kudorp taafnaM

rotakidnI .nemusnok gnaroes helo nakasarid tapad gnay kudorp -

ni & reltoK turunem kudorp taafnam adap nakanugid gnay rotakid

etisbew malad pitukid ,572:7991( gnortsmrA

c/409/46301/eldnah/maertstib/iulmx/di.ca.amataydiw.ecapsd//:ptth

: nial aratna ,)1=ecneuqes?fdp.102%tnetno

.a itnI taafnaM

d gnay taafnam halada itni taafnaM nahunemep kutnu nakirebi

nahutubek aynlasim ,nemusnok amatu nahutubek padahret

.huaj karaj aracibreb

.b laisnetoP taafnaM

tapad nikgnum gnay taafnam aumes halada laisnetop taafnaM

radekes irad nakirebid tifeneb detnemgua aynlasim , enohpdnah

kanugid tapad gnay ,aremak ,retnes upmal iagabes na oediv

xaf ,gnillac oediv ,redrocer .lld ,tenretni ,

.2 gnay nasaupek ialin nagned kutneb utaus halada kudorp satilauK

923:0002( reltoK turunem kudorp satilauk rotakidnI .skelpmok -

: nial aratna ,)333

.a kudorp nahat ayaD

nahat ayaD kudorp rumu amal apareb irad tahilid tapad kudorp


75

nakanugid tapad tubesret kudorp akiJ .nakanugid tapad tubesret

ikilimem tubesret kudorp akam ,amal gnay utkaw akgnaj malad

kudorp nahat ayad ini naitilenep malaD .iggnit gnay satilauk

ulalem itiletid tapad .nakanugid tapad iaretab amal apareb i

.b .kudorp nahadniek / akitetsE

utaus irad kisif nalipmat iulalem tahilid tapad kudorp akitetsE

tapad kudorp utaus irad sugab gnay kisif nalipmaT .kudorp

.tubesret kudorp ilebmem kutnu nemusnok taubmem

.3 kudorp artiC pdnah enoh gnusmaS neercshcuot epit ,W3325S

nad ,etnoM 0265S iniM yxalaG 0755S narabmag halada - ,narabmag

nasek - nanikayek nad ,nasek - helo ikilimid gnay nanikayek

gnay ispesrep aynmaladid kusamret ,kudorp padahret nemusnok

y nagnasgnar irad isasnes adap nakrasadid nagned natiakreb gna

dorp amilek iulalem amiretid gnay ku .aredni artic rotakidnI kudorp

(h artiC_nagnubuH/25/meti/lanruoj/moc.ylpitlum.efilrenniweht//:ptt

_susaK_idutS_nailebmeP_nasutupeK_nad_egamI_dnarB_kereM_

gnabmelaP_aisenodnI_talamauM_knaB :)

.a .kudorp tubirtA

rusnu halada kudorp tubirtA - gnitnep gnadnapid gnay rusnu

nakidajid nad nemusnok helo nalibmagnep iagabes rasad

niased ,kudorp rutif ,kudorp satilauk itupilem gnaY .nasutupek

.lld ,ilabmek lauj ialin ,isgneg ,kudorp


85

.b .nemusnok igab taafnaM

nupuam gnusgnal araces kiab taafnam helorepmem nemusnoK

.kudorp haubes irad gnusgnal kadit

.c .nanimaJ

aJ helo nakukalid gnay arac utas halas nakapurem nanim

artic nad nemusnok nasaupek naktakgninem kutnu naahasurep

uata nanimaj nakirebmem naahasurep nakaynabeK .kudorp

kusam kutnu tarays iagabes isnarag tubesid gnires gnay

.rasap haubes maladek

adap ,isnaraG taafnam nakirebmem ajas kadit ,aynnaataynek

igaB .nesudorp adapek aguj ipatet nemusnok adapek

gnay kudorp ilebmem irad ignudnilem isnarag ,nemusnok

kadit gnay mialk isatabmem isnarag ,nesudorp igab nad ,tacac

esudorp ,uti gnipmasiD .nemusnok irad lanoisar tapad aguj n

kutnu fitkefe gnay isomorp tala iagabes isnarag naktaafnamem

hibel gnay isnarag asam nagned kudorp anerak ,aynkudorp

kudorp awhab nemusnok adapek laynis nakirebmem amal

.kiab hibel gnay satilauk ikilimem tubesret

( de/...57BTI/pisra/azihr~/di.ca.sahnu.www - cod.IWAMREB )

.4 nesudorp helo nakrawatid gnay asaj halada lauj anrup nanayaL

iagabes nakukalid nalaujnep iskasnart haletes aynnemusnok adapek

gnay kudorp kutnu utum nanimaj irad rotakidnI .aynnakrawatid

utum nanimajneP .satilauk/utum nanimaj utiay ,lauj anrup nanayal


95

utum radnats nahunemep nad napatenep sesorp nakapurem

aggnihes ,natujnalekreb nad netsisnok araces naalolegnep

tnepekreb gnay nial kahip nad ,nesudorp ,nemusnok nagni

.nasaupek helorepmem

.5 kudorp agraH enohpdnah awhab nakisakifitnedignem gnusmaS

tapad gnay gnitnep rotkaf utas halas nakapurem agrah

anerak ,kerem nailebmep malad nemusnok ukalirep ihuragnepmem

rotakidnI .ialin iaynupmem halitsap asaj uata gnarab utaus irad

ispirks malad pitukid gnay ; 8991( notnatS turunem kudorp agrah

:)0102 ,gnabmeL auD ativsoR

.a agrah nauakgnajreteK

halas nakapurem kudorp utaus malad agrah nauakgnajreteK

nemejanam ihuragnepmem malad nanimod gnay nataukek utas

takgninem kutnu narasamep naggnalep nagned iskasnart nak

malad kusamret nad naahasurep orkam nagnukgnil malad

irad nemusnok helo agrah nauakgnajreteK .imonoke nataukek

hibel libats gnay imonoke nataukek nagned haread utaus

.rasap isisop nakpatenem malad nakhadumem

( /moc.topsgolb.ayajnad//:ptth )

.b .kudorp satilauk nagned nagned agrah naiauseseK

fitaler tagnas kudorp utaus agrah ”aynlaham“ uata ”haruM“

rimhsaK turuneM .ayntafis kaJ & malad ,901.p ,6002( raf

etisbew reweiv/di.ca.artep.biligid//:ptth ) agrah


06

kutnu naujutreb agraH .kudorp utaus utum nakisatneserperem

nakrawatid gnay asaj uata kudorp awhab nasek nakirebmem

satilauk irad iggnit hibel uata iggnit gnay satilauk ikilimem

ah aynasaiB .gniasep anerak ,nikgnum iggnites nakutnetid agr

halada satilaukreb gnay kudorp awhab napaggna ada hisam

isgnuF .gniasep agrah irad iggnit hibel aynagrah gnay kudorp

rotkaf ianegnem nemusnok ”kididnem“ malad amatu - rotkaf

( onotpijT turuneM .satilauk itrepes ,kudorp malad ,251.p ,7991

etisbew php.reweiv/di.ca.artep.biligid//:ptth ) gnay ispesrep ,

naknimrecnem laham agrah awhab halada ukalreb gnires

.iggnit gnay satilauk

.c agrah gnias ayaD

rasap malad gnias ayad halasaM gnay nagnatnat nakapurem

ayad naluggnuek nad naupmamek ilakebid apnaT .nagnir kadit

kutnu upmam naka kadit naahasurep utaus ,iggnit gnay gnias

awhab )811:6991( snevarC turuneM .rasap submenem

tubesret naahasurep helo ikilimid naka gniasreb naluggnuek

ibapa nemusnok adapek hibel ialin nakirebmem naahasurep al

nakirebmem uata hadner hibel gnay agrah narawat apureb

.iggnit gnay agrah iputunem tapad gnay taafnam nakinuek

.www( )/di.ca.mokinu.bile

.d .taafnam nagned agrah naiauseseK

s ilebmem naksutumem naka nemusnoK agrah akij kudorp utau


16

.www( gnidnabes uata amas kudorp taafnam nad

.ca.amradanug.ffats.miha di )

.6 tapad gnay utauses halada kudorp helorepmem nahadumeK

nahadumek rotakidnI .ahasu racnalrepmem uata hadumrepmem

: utiay ,kudorp helorepmem

.a naisubirtsidnep tapmeT gnusgnal

helo utnabid kadit naahasurep ,kudorp naiapmaynep malaD

adapek aynkudorp gnusgnal laujnem naahasureP .aratnarep

uata utnip ek utnip irad kudorp laujnem itrepes ,nemusnok

,tenretni sutis ,nopelet ,tarus ,rotnak uata hamurid atsep iulalem

jnem uata .iridnes aynokot iulalem gnusgnal araces lau

.b ( gnusgnal nalaujneP gnilles tcerid )

uata nad gnarab nalaujnep edotem halada gnusgnal nalaujneP

raulid akum patat arac nagned nemusnok adapek utnetret asaj

gnay narasamep nagniraj helo patet narece isakol

abmekid .ahasu artim helo nakgn

.c aidem iulalem nalaujneP enilno .

aidem iulalem nakukalid tapad kudorp nalaujneP etisbew imser

sutis uata - .ileb lauj nataigek nakaideynem gnay sutis

.7 nemusnok satilayoL halada nakukalid gnay gnalu nailebmep utaus

aggnalep gnaroes helo kerem utaus padahret nemtimok anerak n


26

.naahasurep uata nemusnok satilayol rotakidnI niffirG lliJ turunem

)13:2002( : nial aratna ,

.a rutaret araces gnalureb nailebmep nakukaleM .

satiunitnok raluger araces gnalureb nailebmep aynitrA

nakukalem malad naggnalep sata ismusnok uata nailebmep

.naahasurep helo nakrawatid gnay kudorp

.b nial gnaro adapek nakisnerefereM .

isnerefer nakirebmem malad naggnalep naaidesek aynitrA

.kudorp ismusnokgnem kutnu nial kahip adapek

.c gniasep arap nakirat padahret nalabekek nakkujnuneM .

nakiratretek ayntapadret kadit uata nalabekek aynitrA

kutneb nad sinejes nanayalep padahret naggnalep - kutneb

naitahrep nagned nagnubuhreb ini laH .gniasep isomorp

natiakreb naahasurep helo nakukalid gnay apa gnatnet nagnalep

aj uata kudorp nanayal nagned asarid gnay nakirebid gnay as

.naksaumem

.F lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 nakanug atik tapad gnay nemele nalupmuk hurules halada isalupoP

,yromE nad repooC( nasutupek aparebeb taubmem kutnu

nemusnok aumes halada ini naitilenep malad isalupoP .)412:5991

airp atinaw nad 51 aisureb gnay - 55 halet gnay nuhat

kudorp nakanuggnem enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot epit


36

,W3325S nad ,etnoM 0265S iniM yxalaG 0755S malad isalupoP .

tafisreb gnay isalupop halada ini naitilenep etinifni isalupop utiay ,

halmuj apareb iuhatekid kadit gnay .aynitsap

.2 nemele irad naigab iskeleynem nagned awhab halada lepmaS -

tapad isalupop nahurulesek gnatnet nalupmisek ,isalupop nemele

naitilenep irad lepmaS .)412:5991 ,yromE nad repooC( helorepid

anuggnep halada ini enohpdnah gnay gnusmaS kerem

nakanuggnem nednopser gnaro 001 kaynabes nalub 3 irad hibel

alup nakrasadid lepmas nalibmagneP .hilipid gnay lepmas iagabes

nad ,nakididnep takgnit ,aisu ,nimalek sinej nagnabmitrep adap

adap nakrasadid lepmas halmuj nautneneP .natapadnep takgnit

051:3002 ,ramU( sumur : )

= n 14� �𝑍 1

2� 𝛼 ∶ 𝐸�2

: anamid

n lepmas halmuj :

Z12� 𝛼 Z ialiN .haread raul satab : 1

2� 𝛼 halada

lebat irad tapadid ini akgnA .69,1 rasebes t

tneduts ialin anamid isidnok adap anerak ,

atar radnats isaived - .iuhatekid kadit atar

lebat akaM - b kadit lebat lamron isubirtsidre

isalupop halmuj kutnu aggnihes gnusgnal


46

halmujreb gnay uata satabret kadit gnay

lebat ialin itukignem naka raseb .Z

e : nikgnum gnay mumiskam nahalasek

.imalaid

nahalasek nad %5 rasebes )α( nakifingis farat nagneD

nikgnum gnay mumiskam %01 rasebes halada )e( imalaid

atar radnats isaived nakgnades - akam ,iuhatekid kadit aynatar

: kaynabes halada ini naitilenep malad lepmas aynraseb

= n 14� (1, 69 ∶ 0,1)2

40,69 =

.gnaro 69 halada aynlepmas halmuj akam ,sumur nakrasadreB

.G keT lepmaS nalibmagneP kin

keT mas nalibmagnep kin halada ini naitilenep malad lep

gnilpmas ecneinevnoc . tapec gnilap nad harum gnilap ini lepmaS

ajas apais hilimem kutnu nasabebek ikilimem itilenep araP .nakukalid

.iumet akerem gnay nakapurem gnay nemusnok arap iumenem itileneP

namet - retnok ek gnatad gnay nemusnok nad itilenep namet - retnok

enohpdnah .itilenep lepmas idajnem iatnimid kutnu naka itileneP

aggnihes hapmilreb utigeb kusam gnay napaggnat awhab nakumenem

t .ayntujnales aracnawaw nakukalem kutnu igal nagnorod ada kadi


56

( yromE nad repooC )442:5991 ,

.H ataD rebmuS

: ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay atad rebmuS

.1 remirP ataD

rebmus irad tapadid gnay atad nakapurem remirp ataD

asurep uata udividni irad kiab amatrep lisah itrepes ,naah

aw iuk naisignep lisah uata aracnaw helo nakukalid gnay renois

.itilenep

naaynatrep halada ini naitilenep malad remirp atad nupadA

ianegnem - rotkaf ianegnem - nemusnok ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf

kudorp padahret enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot it ep ,W3325S

nad ,etnoM 0265S iniM yxalaG 0755S

.I keT ataD nalibmagneP kin

: irad lasareb helorepid gnay ataD

.1 ratfad nakirebmem nagned atad nalupmugnep utiay renoisiuK

anuggnep adapek naaynatrep enohpdnah neercshcuot kerem

epit gnusmaS nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S iniM yxalaG 0755S

nemusnok babeynep rotkaf gnatnet atad naktapadnem anug

gnalu nailebmep nakukalem enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem epit

nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S iniM yxalaG .0755S


66

.J keT ataD narukugneP kin

orepmem kutnu nakukalem malaD nakigabmem silunep ,atad hel

k iuK .nednopser adapek renoisiu naaynatrep ratfad nakisireb renois

utiay naitilenep lebairav nakrasadreb naigab 7 idajnem igabid anamid

anayal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp taafnam ,lauj anrup n

,kudorp agrah kudorp helorepmem nahadumek satilayol nad

alaks nakanuggnem ini naitilenep malad atad narukugneP .nemusnok

: tukireb iagabes halada nakanugid gnay alaks nupada ,trekiL

.a ujuteS tagnaS 5 =

.b ujuteS 4 =

.c larteN 3 =

.d ujuteS kadiT 2 =

.e ujuteS kadiT tagnaS 1 =

.K keT nemurtsnI naijugneP kin

es malaD ulrep ruku tala naanuggnep halasam ,naitilenep pait

naknimrecnem nad raneb helorepid gnay lisah raga naitahrep tapadnem

talA .itiletid gnay halasam irad aynhuggnuses gnay naadaek

gnay airetirk ihunemem halsurah haimli gnay narukugnep dilav nad

na( lebailer ,nemusnok ukalirep ianegnem sisilanagnem mulebeS .)lad

libailer nad satidilav naijugnep nakadaid uluhad hibelret ulrep irad sati

iuk iuhategnem kutnu nemusnok ukalirep rukugnem tala iagabes renois

naaynatrep hakapa - l hadus tubesret nakrabesid gnay naaynatrep kaya


76

.muleb uata iakapid

.1 satidilaV ijU

gnay naruku utaus halada )861 :6002( imisrahuS turunem satidilaV

takgnit nakujnunem - utaus nahihasek uata nadilavek takgnit

gnay nemurtsni utauS .nemurtsni dilav iaynupmem has uata

sni aynkilabes ,iggnit gnay satidilav gnaruk gnay nemurt dilav

nakukalid satidilav ijU .hadner gnay satidilav ikilimem itrareb

ialin nakgnidnabmem nagned r ialin nagned gnutih r .lebat

nakatakid naataynreP dilav ialin alibapa r irad raseb hibel gnutih

ialin adap r nakanuggnem nagned lebat evel l kutnU .%5 nakifingis

isalerok nakanuggnem aynsatidilav ijugnem tnemoM tcudorP

nosraeP isalerok nasumuR )071:6002 ,imisrahuS( tcudorP

tnemoM .

: halada nakanugid gnay sumuR

2222 )(())((

).()(

yyNxxN

yxNR

yx

yx

: nagnareteK

R yx isalerok = tnemom tcudorp

halmuj = N lepmas

rotkaf paites irad ialin = x

latot ialin = y meti


86

.2 satilibaileR ijU

)871 :6002( imisrahuS turunem nemurtsni satilibaileR

pukuc nemurtsni utauses awhab naitregnep utas adap nakkujnunem

lupmugnep tala iagabes nakanugid kutnu ayacrepid tapad nad

gnutihgnem kutnU .kiab hadus tubesret nemurtsni anerak

nakukalid akam nemurtsni satilibailer nagned sisilana

ket nakanuggnem n ket iakamem nagneD .aud haleb ki haleb kin

ibailer ini naitilenep malad ,aud nagned rukuid naidumek satil

ket kin .ahplA hcabnorC

sumuR ahplA hcabnorC :

r = � 𝑘(𝑘−1)� �1 − Σ𝜎𝑏

2

𝜎𝑡2 �

: anamid

r ( nemurtsni satilibaer neisifeok = ahpla hcabcnorc )

𝑘 laos aynkaynab uata naaynatrep ritub aynkaynab =

Σ𝜎𝑏2 ritub snairav latot =

𝜎𝑡2 snairav latot =

( am82%ahplahcabnorc/selcitranepo/moc.idnailujrauza.www//:ptth

fdp.92%laun )


96

.L keT ataD sisilanA kin

.1 P nahalasamreP kutnu ataD sisilanA kinkeT amatre

alasaM anamiagab halada ini naitilenep malad amatrep h

usnok kitsiretkarak anuggnep nem enohpdnah .gnusmaS

sisilanaid naka ini halasaM unem bus nakanuggnem nagned

kitsiretkarak uata magar iuhategnem tapad atik utis iraD .isneukerf

malek sinej nakrasadreb nednopser ,rihkaret nakididnep ,rumu ,ni

.ukas gnau uata natapadnep

sumur nakanugid naka 1 halasam nagnutihgnep kutnU

: tukireb iagabes

.a isroporp halada fitaler isneukerF meti salek malad uata

nahurulesek halmuj padahret meti .tuberet atad malad

: sumuR

R isneukerF = fitale 𝑖𝑠𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑘𝑛

.b tubesret salek fitaler isneukerf halada esatnesrep isneukerF

: sumuR .001 nagned nakilakid

= esatnesreP isneukerF 𝑖𝑠𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑘 𝑥 001𝑛

acid tapad SSPS margorp adaP :hakgnal nagned ir

)1 kilK ezylana ,

)2 unem bus hiliP d scitsitats evitpircse ip naidumek hil

seicneuqerf ,

)3 naket ulaL ko .


07

.2 keT sisilanA kin ataD mreP kutnu halasa K na aude

gnay ajas apa rotkaf halada ini naitilenep malad audek halasaM

t nemusnok satilayol ihuragnepmem kudorp padahre enohpdnah

gnusmaS neercshcuot epit nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S yxalaG

iniM 0755S rotkaf hakapa iuhategnem nigni itileneP . - rotkaf

laisrap nupuam natlumis araces huragnepreb nemusnok satilayol

kudorp padahret enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot epit 5S ,W332

nad ,etnoM 0265S iniM yxalaG .0755S

ilenep malaD iuk nakanuggnem silunep ini nait nakigabid renois

anuggnep nednopser adapek enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem

neercshcuot epit nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S iniM yxalaG 0755S

id silana si laks sisilana nakanuggnem nagned trekiL alakS .trekiL a

nemusnok napaggnat naktahilrepmem tapad gnay alaks nakapurem

,larten ,ujutes ,ujutes tagnas( kudorp utaus kitsiretkarak padahret

helorepid gnay isamrofnI .)ujutes kadit tagnas nad ,ujutes kadit

lanidro atad apureb trekiL alakS nagned padahret aynanerak helo ,

apareb iuhatekid tapad apnat gniknar taubid tapad aynah aynlisah

aynnial napaggnat ek napaggnat utas aratna hisiles aynraseb

otnairauD idamraD( - otraiguS - .)14;4002 ,kajnitiS ynoT

)1 naijugneP kisalK ismusA isergeR

( bab/2/289/46301/maertstib/iupsj/di.ca.amataydiw.ecapsd//:ptth

fdp.3 )

)a satilamroN ijU


17

amatrep gnay kisalk ismusa ijU iju halada

)X( sabeb lebairav atad ijugnem naka anamid ,satilamron

irav atad nad gnay iserger naamasrep adap )Y( takiret leba

kadit isubirtsidreb uata lamron isubirtsidreB .naklisahid

iaynupmem akij kiab nakatakid iserger naamasreP .lamron

isubirtsidreb takiret lebairav atad nad sabeb lebairav atad

kes amas lamron uata lamron itakednem .ila

ijugnem kutnu nakanugid gnay kitsitats ijU

satilamron halada naruku nakanuggnem nagned

( nagnodnocek ssenweks nagnicnurek naruku nad )

( sisotruk da ini sisotruk malad narutA .) a ialin akij awhab hal

ud sunim ialin aratna adareb sisotruk nad ssenweks oisar a

(- atad awhab nakitraid asib akam )2+( aud sulp nad )2

id adareb oisar akij nakgnadeS .lamron araces isubirtsidret

ialin hawab - kifarg kutneb awhab nakatakid asib akam 2

akij nakgnadeS .nanak ek gnirim halada atad isubirtsid

oisar ,2+ ialin sataid adareb awhab nakatakaid asib akam

.irik ek gnodnoc halada atad isubirtsid kifarg kutneb 2 adA

nagnodnocek naruku utiay nagnodnocek naruku macam

.fitaler nad tulosba

nagnodnocek narukU 2 ada tulosba : inkay ,

)1( : nosraeP lraK edoteM

ssenwekS = naeM – uata sudoM


27

= naeM – uata naideM

naideM = – sudoM

)2( : yelwoB edoteM

ssenwekS K( = 3 - Md ) – M( d – K1)

K = 3 – M2 d K + 1

K = 3 K + 1 – M 2 d

gnisam anerak ,amas kadit nagnodnocek narukugnep lisaH -

.adebreb gnay napaggna iaynupmem gnisam

cam 2 ada fitaler nagnodnocek narukU : inkay ,ma

)1( : nosraeP lraK nagnodnocek neisifeoK

= C 𝑛𝑎𝑒𝑀 − sudomradnatS isaived

)2( : yelwoB nagnodnocek neisifeoK

= C (𝐾3− 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑀 ) ( 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑀 −𝐾1)(𝐾3− 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑀 )+ ( 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑀 −𝐾1)

= C ( K3 − 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑀 )− ( 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑀 −𝐾1)𝐾3−𝐾1

hakgnaL - nakukalid gnay hakgnal naijugnep malad

: tukireb iagabes halada SSPS nakanuggnem satilamron

unem iraD ezylanA hilip , scsitatS evitpircseD nad

unem hilip naidumek seicneuqerF

molok adap nedneped lebairav nakkusaM selbairaV .

unem kilK scitsitatS

nahilip kilK ,edoM ,naideM ,snaeM d na muS adap

molok ycnedneT lartneC nahilip kilK . noitaived dtS


37

nad ecnairaV molok adap noisrepsiD nahilip kilK .

ssenwekS nad sisotruK molok adap noitubirtsiD

kilK eunitnoC kilk naidumek trahC nahilip kilK .

nahilip kilk nad ,margotsiH evruC lamroN htiW .

teS kilk uti hale eunitnoC

kilK kO .

)b satireinilokitluM ijU

reinil isalerok aynada nakkujnunem satireinilokitluM

parebeb aratnaid anrupmes gnay a lebairav aumes uata

lebairav aynlaedI .aynnednepedni - irad nednepedni lebairav

ger naamasrep erok ikilimem kadit iser tas isal nagned u

lebairav ratna isalerok tapadret nupualaK .aynnial

hadner halsurah tubesret isalerok takgnit akam nednepedni

nilokitlum tabika halasam idajret kadit ayapus raga .satirei

gnay isneukesnok )902:0002( otnayibuS unbI turuneM

aynada irad lubmit : halada ini satireinilokitlum

)1( ireinilok tapadret alibapA lebairav aratnaid anrupmes sat

X nagned utnetret kat idajnem iserger neisifeok akam ,

k takgnit e .aggnihret kat radnats nahalas

)2( ,iggnit gnay takgnit nagned satireinilok tapadret akiJ

pmes kadit ipatet iserger neisifeok narisfanep akam ,anru

gnurednec aynradnats nahalasek ipatet nikgnum halada

tapad kadit neisifeok irad isalupop ialin aggnihes raseb


47

tapad aguj satireinilokitlum ijU .tapet nagned risfatid

tahilem nagned nakukalid eulav ecnarelot nad airav ecn

rotcaf noitalfni ialin akij idajret satireinilokitluM .)FIV(

uata 01 sataid FIV eulav ecnarelot ( 10,0 hawabid riah

la te .)402:2991 ,

: sumur nagned gnutihid tapad FIV ialiN

= FIV 1𝑒𝑐𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑡

hakgnaL - naijugnep malad nakukalid gnay hakgnal

lum ilokit satirein SSPS nakanuggnem iagabes halada

: tukireb

)1( ataD yrtnE

utiay ,SSPS irad malad ek atad nakkusaM X1 X , 2 ,

X3 X , 4 X , 5 X , 6.

)2( ataD sisilanA

ledom nagned nakukalid satireinilokitlum naijugneP

.tukireb iagabes unem nagned iserger

hiliP ezylanA sergeR nois reiniL . alibapA

lucnum naka akam ,hilipid hadus tubesret unem

golaid katok noisserger reinil .

: ayntujnaleS Y lebairav nakhadniP ek

tsil tnedneped X lebairav nad 1 X , 2 X , 3 X , 4 X , 5 ,

X6 ek .tsil tnednepedni

hilip naidumeK scitsitats xob .


57

hiliP aeniloc ,scitsongaid ytir kapmat aggnihes

katok .scitsitats noisserger reinil golaid

hiliP eunitnoc ulal , O .K

)c oreteH ijU s satisitsadek .

lad ismusa utas halaS iju halada adnagreb iserger ma

h orete s oreteh ismusA .satitsadek s ismusa halada satisitsadek

id iserger malad amas kadit laudiser irad snairav anam

malaD .nial gnay natamagnep ek natamagnep utas kutnu

halada ihunepid surah gnay ismusa utas halas ,iserger

ek natamagnep utas irad laudiser irad snairav awhab

aloP .utnetret alop ikilimem kadit nial gnay natamagnep

nay ialin nagned nakkujnutid ini amas kadit g kadit gnay

gnay snairav alajeG .laudiser irad snairav utas ratna amas

oreteh alajeg nagned tubesid amas kadit s ,satisitsadek

irad amas gnay laudiser alajeg aynada nakgnades

tubesid nial gnay natamagnep ek natamagnep nagned

ijugnem kutnu iju utas halaS .satisitsadekomoh

oreteh s narabeynep tahilem nagned halada ini satisitsadek

.laudiser snairav irad

nakanugid tapad gnay kitsitats adotem kaynaB

irad sabebret ledom utaus hakapa nakutnenem kutnu

oreteh halasam s atisitsadek ijU aynlasim itrepes ,kadit uata s

etihW ijU , kraP resjelG ijU , , .lld iju utas halaS


67

oreteh s nakisakilpaid tapad hadum nagned gnay satisitsadek

.resjelG iju utiay ,SSPS id

: tukireb iagabes nakisatonid mumu araces resjelG ijU

|𝑒| = 𝛽0 + 𝛽 iX i + Vi

amid : an

|𝑒| iserger irad naklisahid gnay laudiser irad tulosba ialin =

.ledom

Xi salejnep lebairav =

V i ugnaggnep lebairav =

: nakanugid gnay sisetopiH

H0 : 𝛽i )satisitsadeksoreteh halasam ada kadit( 0 =

Ha : 𝛽 I ≠ )satisitsadeksoreteh halasam ada( 0

gnaL hak - : SSPS malad hakgnal

)3( lebairav ikilimem hadus akiJ laudiseR dezidradnatsnU

hakgnal igal tahil ,1_SER( - .)satilamroN iju hakgnal

hilip ayntujnaleS mrofsnarT elbairaV etupmoC ,

)4( katok adaP elbairaV tegraT katok adap ,diserba kitek

hilip puorg noitcnuF llA lucnum naka aynhawabid nad

halhiliP .isgnuf nahilip aparebeb .sbA kilk naidumeK

nakkusam nad ,sata ek hara hanap adnat lobmot adap

lebairav laudiseR dezidradnatsnU malad ek )1_SER(

katok noisserpxE ciremuN ,


77

)5( ,iserger nagned naktujnalid naidumeK ezylanA

eR noisserg raeniL ,

)6( nakkusaM katok ek diserba lebairav tnednepeD nad ,

lebairav X1 , X2 X , 3 X , 4 X , 5 X , 6 katok ek tnednepedni ,

kilk KO .

)d satiraeniL ijU .

paites kutnu awhab nakataynem satireinil ijU

lebairav aratna nagnubuh ,reinil iserger naamasrep

d nednepedni naka ini ismusA .raeinil surah nedneped na

,nakanugid gnay isamitse naamasrep sinej nakutnenem

kitardauk ,kibuk naamasrep ,amtiragol naamasrep hakapa

uata esrevni adap tahilem tapad satireinil tahilem kutnU .

rav nad nedneped lebairav aratna nagnubuh kifarg lebai

.nednepedni aratna nagnubuh satireinil ijugnem kutnU

: tukireb iagabes sumur nakanugid lebairav

= F𝑅 𝑘𝑗𝑟 ( 𝑐𝑇 )𝑅 𝑘𝑗𝑟 (𝐺)

: anamid

F reinil kutnu nagnalib =

R kjr )cT( kococ anut halmuj atarer =

)G( kjrR r = tardauk halmuj atare naurilekek

hakgnaL - : SSPS malad hakgnal


87

atad yrtnE SSPS ajrek rabmel maladek atad nakkusam :

Y nad X lebairav nakanuggnem nagned

: kilK ezylanA naeM erapmoC snaeM

lebairav ek Y nakhadniP tnedneped ek X nakhadnip ,

lebairav tnednepedni

katok hiliP itpo no hilip nad ytireinil fo tset kilk , KO .

)2 K gnutihgneM isergeR neisifeo

reiniL isergeR sisilana nakanugnem nagned iracid inI

( adnagreB noissergeR elpitluM kutnu nakanugid ini sisilanA .)

rotkaf huragnep iuhategnem - ikilimem gnay ajas apa rotkaf

adap huragnep .nemusnok satilayol padahret nemusnok

: sumuR

b + a = Y 𝑋1 + 𝑏𝑋2 + 𝑏𝑋3 Xb + 4 Xb + 5 Xb + 6

: anamid

a a natsnok =

b1 b , 2 b , 3 b , 4 b , 5 b , 6 iserger neisifeok =

𝑋1 taafnam = kudorp

X2 satilauk = kudorp

X3 artic = kudorp


97

X4 lauj anrup nanayal = kudorp

X5 agrah = kudorp

X6 helorepmem nahadumek = kudorp

)3 sisetopiH ijugneM

)1 ijU F natlumiS ijU uata

F ijU - aynraseb ijugnem kutnu nakanugid kitsitats

amasreb araces nednepedni lebairav hurules irad huragnep -

natlumis uata amas .nedneped lebairav padahret

ialin nakgnidnabmem arac nagned nakukalid naitkubmeP F

sitirk F( lebat ) nagned F tapadret gnay gnutih lebat adap

ecnairav fo sisylana .

: sumuR

= F R2/K(1−R2)/(n−K−1)

: anamid

K sabeb lebairav kaynab =

n lepmas lebairav kaynab =

R adnagreb reinil isalerok neisifeok =

ialin nakutnenem kutnU F isnakifingis takgnit ,lebat

tajared nagned %5 rasebes nakanugid gnay nasabebek


08

( )modeerf fo eerged n = fd - k nad k - halada n anamid 1

F akiJ halada nakanugid gnay iju airetirk ,isavresbo halmuj

akam ,lebatF > gnutih 𝐻0 kalotid alibapa nad , gnutih F ≤

akam ,lebatF 𝐻0 amiretid .

𝐻0 b : 1 b ; 2 b ; 3 b ; 4 b ; 5 b ; 6 aynitra ,0 = taafnam

,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp ,lauj anrup nanayal ,kudorp artic

kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah araces

amasreb - satilayol padahret huragnepreb kadit amas

.nemusnok

aH utas halas laminim : aynitra 0 ≠ taafnam

,lauj anrup nanayal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp

rah kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp ag araces

amasreb - .nemusnok satilayol padahret huragnepreb amas

)2 ijU t laisraP ijU uata

ijU t iserger neisifeok ijugnem kutnu nakanugid

.aynnednepedni lebairav irad laisrap araces

: sumuR

𝑡𝑗 = 𝑏𝑗

𝑆𝑗

: anamid

𝑡𝑗 = t ek neisifeok gnutih j

𝑏𝑗 ek lebairav irad iserger neisifeok = j

𝑆𝑗 = radnats d re r ro irad 𝑏𝑗


18

t ialin nakutnenem kutnU - nakutnetid ,lebat kitsitats

fd nasabebek tajared nagned %5 isnakifingis takgnit nagned

n = -k-1 halada k nad isavresbo halmuj halada n anamid ,

akiJ .lebairav halmuj t > gnutih t n( lebat -k- akam ,)1 𝐻0

kalotid akiJ t < gnutih t n( lebat -k- akam ,)1 𝐻0 amiretid .

𝐻0 b : 1 b ; 2 b ; 3 b ; 4 b ; 5 b ; 6 ,0 = aynitra taafnam

tic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp ,lauj anrup nanayal ,kudorp ar

kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah araces

huragnepreb kadit laisrap fitisop satilayol padahret

.nemusnok

b : aH 1 b ; 2 b ; 3 b ; 4 b ; 5 b ; 6 aynitra 0 ≠ taafnam

,lauj anrup nanayal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp

h kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp agra araces

huragnepreb laisrap fitisop .nemusnok satilayol padahret

)3 isanimreteD neisifeoK

( isanimreted neisifeoK R 2 iserger lisah irad )

nedneped lebairav raseb aparebes nakkujnunem adnagreb

sib lebairav helo naksalejid a - osotnaS( aynsabeb lebairav

.)761:4002

reinil iserger nakanuggnem ini naitilenep malaD

sam akam adnagreb gni - nednepedni lebairav gnisam

nanayal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp satilauk ,kudorp taafnam

nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah ,lauj anrup helorepmem


28

kudorp ihuragnepmem natlumis araces nad laisrap araces

utiay nedneped lebairav satilayol gnay nemusnok

nagned nakataynid R 2 neisifeok nakataynem kutnu

padahret huragnep raseb aparebes uata isanimreted taafnam

atilauk ,kudorp ,lauj anrup nanayal ,kudorp artic ,kudorp s

kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,kudorp agrah .

nakgnadeS r 2 isanimreted neisifeok nakataynem kutnu

.nedneped lebairav padahret nednepedni lebairav laisrap

lada isanimreted neisifeok aynraseB .1 nagned iapmas 0 ha

huragnep alup licek nikames akam ,lon itakednem nikameS

lebairav ialin padahret nednepedni lebairav aumes

naupmamek licek nikames nial atak nagned( nedneped

lebairav ialin nahaburep naksalejnem malad ledom

ok akij nakgnadeS .)nedneped itakednem isanimreted neisife

malad tubesret ledom tauk nikames nakatakid tapad akam 1

gnarenem nednepedni lebairav isairav nak lebairav padahret

.takiret

.3 keT sisilanA kin ataD mreP kutnu halasa K na agite

emusnok satilayol iggnit aparebes halada agitek halasaM padahret n

kerem enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot ,ini naitilenep malaD .

p 5 maladek nakopmolegnem itilene takgnit ,layol tagnas utiay na

layol kadit ,layol pukuc ,layol nakutnetid ini natakgniT .

segrutS sumur nakrasadreb orgeoN( : tukireb iagabes ,)24 :7002 ,oh


38

:anamid

K saleK halmuJ =

n isneukerF aynkaynaB =

3,3 natsnoK nagnaliB =

gnisam salek lavretni taubmem kutnu ayntukireB - gnisam

takgnit S sumur nakanuggnem itilenep ,na ,ohorgeoN( segrut

:tukireb iagabes ,)34:7002

:anamid

iC etnI = r saleK lav

egnaR d hisileS = licekret nad rasebret ata

K k aynkaynaB = sale

nemusnok satilayol hakapa nakrisfatid naka ayntujnales hakgnaL

level id adareb layol kadit nad ,layol pukuc ,layol ,layol tagnas

goL 3,3 +1 =K n

KegnaRic


48

VI BAB

NAAHASUREP MUMU NARABMAG

.A nad harajeS naahasureP nagnabmekreP

( gnusmaS harajeS irdnap//:ptth - harajes/21/0102/moc.topsgolb.61 -

nad - nagnabmekrep - lmth.gnnusmas ) 0891 rihka - 0991 lawa nad na - ,na

gnusmaS rtcelE scino nad naitilenep malad isatsevnireb

naahasurep gnorodnem malad gnitnep gnay isatsevni ,nagnabmegnep

,2891 nuhat adaP .labolg kinortkele irtsudni malad napedret kutnu

,lagutroP id isivelet natikarep kirbap haubes nugnabmem gnusmaS

abmem ,oykoT ,kroY weN id nial satilisaf nad ,sirggnI id satilisaf nugn

naahasurep iagabes tikgnab ialum gnusmaS .6991 nuhat adap nitsuA

0991 adap lanoisanretni - rasebret nesudorp idajnem gnusmaS .na

spihc yromem taubmep nad 2991 nuhat adap ainud id pihc ainud

etes audek rasebret gnusmaS ,naidumek nuhat hulupeS .letnI hal

rayal lenap taubmem ainud id rasebret nesudorp idajnem hubmut

diuqil - latsyrc . gnusmaS scinortcelE iluggnugnem ynoS as iagabes hal

adap kinortkele nemusnok ainud id relupop gnilap gnay kerem utas

ek takgnirep gnarakes nad ,5002 nad 4002 nuhat - araces ainud id 91

haletes audek rasebret naahasurep idajnem gnusmaS .nahurulesek

asgnap amaturet lesnop nesudorp ainud emulov nagned aikoN rasap

.taraB aporE nad aratU akiremA id akumekret


58

suret igolonket aideynep haubes iagabes gnusmaS nalisahrebeK

gnusmaS itrepes nahulup napaled iulalem gnabmekreb scinortcelE

S nagned gnubagreb halet .isakinumokeleT nad rotkudnokimeS gnusma

gnusmaS iagabes ayntukireb edaked taas tujnalreb ini nagnabmekreP

kutnu sinsib anacner isasirutkurtser nad satab iuapmalem suret

.ainud id kiabret .labolg nageda isadomokagnem

.B kudorP nad ,isiV ,isakoL - scinortcelE gnusmaS .TP kudorP

.1 isakoL

aisenodnI cinortcelE gnusmaS .TP gnabac rotnak isakoL

( tnempiuqe cinortcele dna lacirtcele 61 ,MD azalP id adareb ) ht ,roolf

rotnak isakol naD .nataleS atrakaJ ,52 .vaK namriduS .dneJ nalaj

ac odnI scinortcelE gnusmaS .TP gnab a ( aisen stcudorp cinortcele aguj )

92 .oN F kolB etatsE lairtsudnI gnarakiC id adareb - akebabaJ nalaj ,33

.taraB awaJ ,isakeB ,gnarakiC ,ayaR

.2 isiV

gnusmaS isiV cinortcelE “ halada eht etaerC ,dlroW eht eripsnI

erutuF et isiV .” gnusmaS nemtimok naknimrecnem ini urabr cinortcelE

nataukek 3 naktaafnamem nagned takaraysam isaripsnignem kutnu

isuloS”,”fitavonI kudorP”,”urabreT igolonkeT”: gnusmaS amatu

fitaerK .”


68

kudorP - tagnas gnusmaS naahasurep helo nakraulekid gnay kudorp

isairavreb : nial aratna nakraulekid gnay kudorP .

kudorP secived elibom iridret gnusmaS naahasurep iskudorpid gnay

: utiay ,irogetak aparebeb irad

)1 enohP erutaeF : nial aratna epit macam iagabreb irad iridret gnay ,

neercshcuoT 63S ,dirbyH ,II ybroC ires irid iridret ,pmahC ,35

.0265S ,W3325S ,E3575S ,3335S ,3525S ,aoneG ,souD

ytrewQ ,0237B ,0123B ,2223C ,5266C ,2222E ires irad iridret

.3533S ,0133B

raB ydnaC HGS ,2233C ires irad iridret - TG ,002M ,007L -

HGS ,0153M - HCS ,0012B ,033F - HGS ,916W - ,7011E ,026M

GS ,0111E ,0012E H- HGS ,025B - HCS ,021M - HGS ,992S -

HCS ,002B - HGS ,962S - .1212E ,T0801E ,0212E ,2512E ,011B

)2 enohptramS : nial aratna epit macam iagabreb irad iridret gnay ,

,orP yxalaG ,oiG yxalaG ,11S yxalaG ires irad iridret yxalaG

yxalaG ,055 yxalaG ,155 yxalaG ,0075I ,0009I ,ecA yxalaG ,iniM

.tiF yxalaG ,3009i S

.E3575S ,0058S ,0358S ,3525S ires irad iridret evaW

.II ainmO ires irad iridret ainmO

)3 : nial aratna epit macam iagabreb irad iridret gnay ,telbaT

.baT yxalaG nad 1,01 baT yxalaG


78

)4 eciveD tenretnI eliboM d iridret gnay , epit macam iagabreb ira

: nial aratna

.5 ifiW S yxalaG nad 4 ifiW S yxalaG

.C kudorP narabmaG enohpdnaH ledoM gnusmaS .neercshcuoT

.a W3325S

irad isakifisepS enohpdnah : utiay ,W3325S gnusmaS

mroftalP :

EGDE & MSG dnaB SO ,EGDE ,SRPG ,zHM 0091/0081/009/058

ay ,)PHS( ikilimid gn tenretni resworb ,)0.2 PAW( mroftalp AVAJ

.g/W 1.1 RAS ialin ,0.2 PDIM

yalpsiD :

AGVQW rayal isuloser ,)lanretske( k262 anraweb TFT rayaL

.)lanretske( ”0.3 rayal naruku ,)lanretske(

aremaC :

2.3 aremaK lexipagem , latigid mooZ s ,laggnut , ,muyne

,iakgnib ,kiazom ,amaronap ,natujnalekreb ecnalab etihw :

.nawareb/isneseroulf/rajip upmal/gnais/sitamoto

tnemniatretnE & nuF :

emaG ,AVAJ oidaR ,repapllaW SDR ,MF .

ytivitcennoC :

htooteulB BSU lasam nanapmiynep aidesret ,PAW ,0.2 BSU , ,

etni resworb tenr aidesret , cnyS .CP knis ,IFIW ,)SD( LM


88

snoitcnuF llaC :

enohprekaepS ,naliggnap utkaw ,naliggnap ayaib ,liggnamep DI ,

naliggnap/bawajret kat/raulek naliggnap ,atresep kaynab naliggnap

.amiretid

ngiseD :

sirab takgnareP .hcuot lluf

yrettaB :

satisapaK 085 aggnih aracib utkaw ,hAm 0001 aggnih radnats

.maj 037 aggnih radnats iaretab ,tinem

oediV :

oediv makerep ,462.H ,362.H ,4GEPM VMW oediv ratumeP

,oediv nasep ,spf 51@AGVQ oediv gnimaerts .

eciffO & ssenisuB :

reweiv tnemucoD nakatecnep , elibom , edom enilffo & tarus omem ,

liam eciov .

yromeM :

irtne 0001 ,002 SMS nanapmiynep ,BM 05 anuggnep iromeM

.)BG 8 aggnih DSorcim( lanretske iromem ,nopelet ukub

noitamrofnI rehtruF :

kacalep aidesreT elibom .hutnes rayal gnukudnem nad

eziS :

aruku nad g 29 tareB n tesdnah .mm 9.11 x 35 x 401


98

ecafretnI resU :

.hunep anuggnep akumratna hutnes rayaL

dnuoS & cisuM :

kisum ratumeP adan 46 ,)AMW/+CAAe/+ CAA?CAA/3PM(

AMO ,0.1v MRD AMO( MRD ,3PM gnired adan ,kinofilop gnired

t ,))ALI( MRDMW ,rotarepo gnutnagret( 0.2v MRD aidesre

.kisum naakatsuprep ,)eSND( D3 araus igolonket

gnigasseM :

,)4PAMI/PTMS/3POP( liamE ,9T fitkiderp sket tupni ,SMM ,SMS

.rednelaCv/draCv ,relules narais

tnemeganaM noitamrofnI lanosreP :

,mrala ,ainud utkaw ,maj ,sagut ratfad ,lawdajnep ,rednelaK

k ,omem ukub ,rotaluklak ,retrevnok ,gnau atam retrevno

hctawpots .rudnum utkaw gnutihgnep ,

.b 0265S etnoM

mroftalP

EGDE & MSG dnaB G3 ,zHM 0091/0081/009/058 dnab 0012/009

,ikilimid gnay SO ,G3 ,EGDE ,SRPG ,zHM tenretni resworb

( nihploD 0 RAS ialin ,AVAJ ,)5.1v .gk/W 806.

yalpsiD

naruku ,)lanretni( 004 x 042 rayal isuloser ,)lanretni( TFT rayaL

.)lanretni( ”0.3 rayal


09

aremaC

,lexipagem 2.3 aremaK latigid mooz natertomep edom ,x4 lacitpo/

otof kefe ,malam ,itlum ,utkaw gnutihgnep ,lamron - uba -

,aipes/fitagen/uba ihw ecnalab et upmal/gnais/sitamoto :

.sitamoto OSI ,nawareb/isneseroulf/rajip

tnemniatretnE & nuF

emaG 5 ,)emag 5( AVAJ repapllaw oidar namakerep ,MF oidar ,

.MF oidar SDR ,MF

ytivitcennoC

,BSU lasam nanapmiynep ,0.2v PAW ,0.2 BSU ,1.2 htooteulB

nretni resworb te aidesret , cnyS kniS ,SPGA ,IFIW ,)2.1v ,SD( LM

( CP cnyS evitca .)

snoitcnuF llaC

,enohprekaepS utkaw ,naliggnap ayaib ,)otof/sket( liggnamep DI

naliggnap ,)5 aggnih( atresep kaynab naliggnap ,naliggnap

.amiretid/bawajret kat/raulek

ngiseD

takgnareP t lluf .hcuo

yrettaB

: G3 ,tinem 085 aggnih : G2 ,hAm 0001 aggnih radnats satisapaK

: G2 ,tinem 061 aggnih aracib utkaw : klat oediv ,tinem 092 aggnih

.maj 054 aggnih radnats iaretab : G3 ,maj 067 aggnih


19

oediV

oediv namakerep ,441 x 671 ,023 x 042 oediv ratumeP nasep ,

,oediv ,oediv gnimaerts .oediv inofelet

eciffO & ssenisuB

reweiv tnemucoD nakatecnep , elibom , enilffo edom & araus omem ,

.liam eciov

yromeM

satisapak + 0031 SMS nanapmiynep ,BM 091 anuggnep iromeM

anretske iromem ,nopelet ukub irtne 0002 ,MIS utrak DSorciM( l

.)BG 61 aggnih

noitamrofnI rehtruF

.)fitisapak( hutnes rayal nad elibom kacaleP

eziS

naruku nad g 29 tareB tesdnah .mm 4.21 x 7,35 x 8.801

ecafretnI resU

anuggnep akumratnA hcuot lluf .

dnuoS & cisuM

d adan ,kinofilop gnired adan ,cisum ratumeP MRD ,3PM gnire

,noitacsufbo WS /w 0.2v )DS ,DC ,LF(0.1v MRD AMO(

.kisum naakatsuprep ,)MRDMW

gnigasseM

.rednelaCv/draCv ,liamE ,9T fitkiderp sket tupni ,SMM ,SMS


29

tnemeganaM noitamrofnI lanosreP

,mrala ,ainud utkaw ,maj ,sagut ratfad ,lawdajnep ,rednelaK

k ,omem ukub ,rotaluklak ,retrevnok ,gnau atam retrevno

hctawpots .rudnum utkaw gnutihgnep ,

.c iniM yxalaG

mroftalP

,2.7 APDSH ,0012/009 dnaB G3 ,zHM 0091/0081/009/058 dnaB

tenretni resworb .)diordna(

yrettaB

055 aggnih : G2 ,hAm 0021 aggnih radnats satisapaK : G3 ,maj

.maj 024 aggnih radnats iaretab

dnuoS & cisuM

.3PM gnired adan nad kinofilop gnired adaN

tnemeganaM noitamrofnI lanosreP

,maj ,nalawdajnep ,rednelaK ,mrala .omem ukub ,rotaluklak

eziS

naruku nad g 6.01 tareB tesdnah .mm 1.21 x 6.06 x 4.011

aremaC

,lexipagem 3 aremaK ecnalab etihw upmal/gnais/sitamoto :

.nawareb/isneseroulf/rajip

tnemniatretnE & nuF

repapllaW iret .SDR ,MF oidar ,isargetn


39

ytivitcennoC

,BSU lasam nanapmiyneP tenretni resworb , cnyS .SPGA ,)MD( LM

snoitcnuF llaC

,enohprekaepS redaeRe ,naliggnap utkaw ,)liggnamep DI(

kat/raulek naliggnap( redaeRe ,atresep kaynab naliggnap

)amiretid/bawajret

yalpsiD

)lanretni( ”41.3 rayal narukU

oediV

& oediv naseP .oediv gnimaerts

eciffO & ssenisuB

& araus omem ,)tawasep edom( redaeRe .liam eciov

yromeM

)BG 23 aggnih DSorciM( lanretske iromeM

noitamrofnI rehtruF

.hutnes rayaL


49

V BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA

.A nednopseR liforP & ataD nalupmugneP naanaskaleP

iduts naitilenep sinej nakanuggnem silunep ini naitilenep malaD

iduts naitileneP .susak naka gnay nalupmisek awhab itrareb susak

lah adap ukalreb aynah ini naitilenep irad helorepid - natiakreb gnay lah

atok id nakukalid naitilenep isakoL .itiletid gnay kejbo nagned

iluJ nalub adap nakukalid ini naitilenep ,atrakaygoY – .1102 sutsugA

nep kejbuS anuggnep hurules halada ini naitile enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem

ledom neercshcuot 0755S iniM yxalaG nad ,etnoM 0265S ,W3325S epit

retnok iagabreb ek 001 kaynabes rabesid renoisiuK .atrakaygoY atok id -

retnok enohpdnah al aratna ,atrakaygoY atok id tapadret gnay awsaN ni

relulleC renoiseuk 01 kaynabes enohP hsalF , renoiseuk 01 kaynabes ,

enohP airtaS renoiseuk 21 kaynabes relulleC adnA , 21 kaynabes

renoiseuk enohP odnilleC nad , renoiseuk 01 kaynabes nednopser arap nad

ead nial aratna tapmet iagabreb id rabesid gnay ,irasrabaB ,nacirM har

naruteS nednopser 64 kaynabes kutnu halada ini naitilenep naujuT .

anuggnep nemusnok irad kitsiretkarak ianegnem isamrofni naktapadnem

enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem ,neercshcuot rotkaf iuhategnem kutnu

layol ihuragnepmem gnay ajas apa anuggnep sati enohpdnah kerem

ledom gnusmaS ,neercshcuot iggnit aparebes iuhategnem kutnu nad


59

padahret nemusnok satilayol enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem

.neercshcuot .nemusnok gnaro 001 rasebes nednopser isatabmem itileneP

rper pukuc ialinid tubesret halmuJ araces isalupop ilikawem kutnu fitatnese

.nahurulesek

,rihkaret nakididnep ,rumu ,nimalek sinej itupilem nednopser liforP

anuggnep nednopser irad ukas gnau uata natapadnep enohpdnah gnusmaS

neercshcuot anuggnep nednopser liforp kutnu atad nahalognep lisaH .

enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot nasumur bawajnem kutnu sugilakes aguj

.amatrep gnay halasam


69

.B & nednopseR liforP kinkeT sisilanA amatreP nahalasamreP

.1 nednopseR rumU

1.5 lebaT

nednopseR kitsiretkaraK isneukerF isubirtsiD

rumU nakrasadreB

rumU neuqerF yc tnecreP dilaV

tnecreP

51 – nuhat 52 48 0.48 0.48

62 – nuhat 53 41 0.41 0.41

63 – 54 nuhat 2 0.2 0.2

64 – nuhat 55 0 0 0

latoT 001 0.001 0.001

remirP ataD : rebmuS

kid tapad lebat nakrasadreB gnay nednopser 001 irad awhab iuhate

nakanuggnem dnah enohp gnusmaS neercshcuot 51 rumu adap adareb -

62 lususid ,%48 halmujreb nuhat 52 - 63 ,%41 halmujreb nuhat 53 –

64 rumureb gnay nednopser ada kadit nad ,%2 halmujreb nuhat 54 –

.nuhat 55


79

.2 nednopseR nimaleK sineJ

2.5 lebaT

siretkaraK isneukerF isubirtsiD nednopseR kit

nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB

nimaleK sineJ

sineJnimaleK ycneuqerF tnecreP dilaV

tnecreP naupmereP 74 0.74 0.74

ikaL - ikal 35 0.35 0.35 latoT 001 0.001 0.001

remirP ataD : rebmuS

b iuhatekid tapad lebat nakrasadreB nednopser 001 irad awha

ikal nimalek sinejreb halada raseb naigabes - %0.35 rasebes inkay ikal

naupmerep nednopser halmuj nagned huaj adebreb kadit nad

.%74 halmujreb


89

.3 ( naluB reP ukaS gnaU raseB igab / )tajaredes/awsisaham/rajalep

naluB reP natapadneP ednopseR )agraulekreB haduS gnay igaB( n

3.5 lebaT


natapadneP / ukaS gnaU nakrasadreB

ukaS gnaU ycneuqerF tnecreP dilaVtnecreP

0 – 999.994 81 0.81 0.81 000.005 – 999.996 81 0.81 0.81

000.007 – 999.999 62 0.62 0.62 000.000.1> 61 0.61 0.61 rajalep latoT 87 0.87

natapadneP ycneuqerF tnecreP dilaVtnecreP

0 – 000.002.1 7 0.7 0.7 000.102.1 – 000.008.1 7 0.7 0.7 000.108.1 – 000.004.2 1 0.1 0.1

000.104.2> 7 0.7 0.7 ajrekeb hadus gnay latoT 22 0.22

latoT eR nednops 001 0.001 0.001 remirP ataD : rebmuS

lebat nakrasadreB sata id iuhatekid tapad awhab 001 irad

nednopser hisam gnay rajalep nakapurem nednopser 87 irad iridret

hadus nednopser 22 nakgnades ,aut gnaro irad ukas gnau naktapadnem

eb hisam gnay nednopser ukas gnaU .natapadnep iaynupmem nad ajrek

isanimodid rajalep 007 pR rasebes 000. – ,%0.62 rasebes 999.999 pR

0 pR nagned lususid – 000.005 pR ,%81 halmujreb 999.9994 –

000.007 pR ,%81 halmujreb 999.996 – > nad ,%62 halmujreb 999.999

pR .%61 halmujreb 000.000.1


99

hadus gnay igab( nalub rep natapadnepreb gnay kutnu naD

atar )agraulekreb - utiay ,amas atar 0 pR – pR ,%7 halmujreb 000.002.1

000.102.1 – 000.108.1 pR ,%7 halmujreb 000.008.1 – 000.004.2

7 halmujreb 000.104.2 pR > nad ,%1 halmujreb .%

.4 nednopseR rihkareT nakididneP

4.5 lebaT


rihkareT nakididneP nakrasadreB

nakididnePrihkareT ycneuqerF tnecreP dilaV

tnecreP tajaredeS / AMS 37 0.37 0.37

1D 2 0.2 0.2 2D 0 0 0 3D 8 0.8 0.8 1S 71 0.71 .71 0 2S 0 0 0

latoT 001 0.001 0.001 remirP ataD : rebmuS

nakididnep ,nednopser 001 irad iuhatekid tapad lebat nakrasadreB

lmuj nagned tajaredeS/AMS halada nednopser rihkaret irad %0.27 ha

dnep nagned lususid ,nednopser hurules 3D ,%2 halmujreb 1D nakidi

.%71 halmujreb 1S nad ,%8 halmujreb


001

.C satilibaileR nad satidilaV

adap nakukalid naitilenep nemurtsni satilibailer nad satidilav ijU

,agrah ,lauj anrup nanayal ,artic ,satilauk ,taafnam gnatnet renoisiuk

aD .helorepmem nahadumek nakukalid satidilav iju ini naitilenep mal

isalerok kinket nakanuggnem nagned tnemom tcudorp satidilav ijU .

ialin nakgnidnabmem nagned nakukalid r ialin nagned gnutih r lebat .

nakatakid naataynreP dilav ialin alibapa r ialin adapirad raseb hibel gnutih

r t leba nakanuggnem nagned level .)071:6002 ,imisrahuS( %5 nakifingis

nakkujnunem )871:6002( imisrahuS turunem nemurtsni satilibaileR

ayacrepid tapad pukuc nemurtsni utauses awhab naitregnep utas adap

tala iagabes nakanugid kutnu murtsni anerak nad lupmugnep ne tubesret

hcabnorC nakanuggnem nagned rukuid ini naitilenep malaD .kiab hadus

lin ikilimem aynkiabes lebailer gnay narukugnep alakS .ahplA hcabnorC ia

.07,0 laminim ahplA


101

nakrasadreb satidilav naijugnep lisaH naaynatrep - naaynatrep

renoisiuk :

aT satidilaV naijugneP lisaH 5.5 leb

rotakidnI rituBnaaynatreP

r gnutih r lebat nagnareteK

taafnaM X( 1)

1 naaynatreP 873.0 791.0 dilaV 2 naaynatreP 764.0 791.0 dilaV 3 naaynatreP 84.0 791.0 dilaV

satilauK X( 2)

1 naaynatreP 992.0 791.0 dilaV naaynatreP 2 823.0 791.0 dilaV 3 naaynatreP 285.0 791.0 dilaV

artiC X( 3) 1 naaynatreP 943.0 791.0 dilaV 2 naaynatreP 323.0 791.0 dilaV 3 naaynatreP 804.0 791.0 dilaV

nanayaLlauJ anruP

X( 4)

1 naaynatreP 444.0 791.0 dilaV 2 naaynatreP 252.0 791.0 dilaV

reP 3 naaynat 953.0 791.0 dilaV

agraH X( 5) 1 naaynatreP 371.0 791.0 dilaV kadiT 2 naaynatreP 231.0 791.0 dilaV kadiT 3 naaynatreP 655.0 791.0 dilaV

nahadumeKhelorepmeM

X( 6)

1 naaynatreP 151.0 791.0 kadiT dilaV 2 naaynatreP 982.0 791.0 dilaV

aynatreP 3 na 171.0 791.0 dilaV kadiT remirP ataD nahalogneP : rebmuS

akrasadreB lebat adap satidilav iju lisah n sata id 5.5

naaynatrep 81 kaynabes naitilenep nemurtsni awhab nakkujnunem

ilav iju ihunemem naaynatrep 41 helorepid anamid satid r gnutih >

r bat el av iju ihunemem kadit naaynatrep 4 nad , anerak satidil r

< gnutih r bat el trep utiay naayna lebairav kutnu 2 nad 1 nad agrah

p lebairav kutnu 3 nad 1 naaynatre helorepmem nahadumek .

kadit gnay naaynatreP dilav kutnu tarays ihunemem kadit itrareb

lid naaynatrep 4 aneraK .satilibailer iju utiay ayntujnales iju nakuka

81 irad aggnihes ,satidilav iju ihunemem kadit meti naaynatrep


201

satilibailer ijuid tapad gnay naaynatrep 41 aynah . U satilibailer ij

kinket nagned nakukalid gnay ap naklipmatid ahplA hcabnorC ad

.6.5 lebat :tukireb

satilibaileR ijU 6.5 lebaT

ahplA s’hcabnorC smetI fo N nagnareteK 628,0 41 lebaileR

remirP ataD nahalogneP : rebmuS

gnay atad awhab naklupmisid tapad ,sataid lebat iraD

lebairav 6 irad helorepid lisah anerak lebailer halada naaynatrep

irad hibel ahplA hcabnorC lisah awhab nakkujnunem nagnutihrep

.07,0

.D audeK nahalasamreP sisilanA kinkeT

.1 kisalK ismusA ijU

)a satilamroN

sabeb lebairav atad nagned nakukalid satilamron naijugneP

ret lebairav atad nad )X( gnay iserger naamasrep adap )Y( taki

.lamron kadit isubirtsidreb uata lamron isubirtsidreB .naklisahid

0.71 SSPS nautnab nagneD em sisotruK nad ssenwekS nakanuggn :


301

7.5 lebaT sisotruK & ssenwekS ijU lisaH

)nemusnoK satilayoL( Y lebairaV

nagnareteK aliN i ssenwekS - 530.0

ssenwekS fo rorrE .dtS 142.0 sisotruK 741.0

sisotruK fo rorrE .dtS 874.0 remirP ataD nahalogneP : rebmuS

ialin igabmem nagned sisotruK oisaR nad ssenwekS

nagned sisotruK nad ssenwekS rorre dradnats ssenwekS oisaR .ayn

s rasebe - tubesret lah iraD .741,0 rasebes sisotruK oisar nad 530,0

narasik adap adareb sisotruK nad ssenwekS oisar awhab tahilret - 2

avruk isubirtsid awhab naklupmisid tapad aggnihes ,2+ iapmas

.lamron halada nemusnok satilayol lebairav

8.5 lebaT ijU lisaH sisotruK & ssenwekS

taafnaM lebairaV )1X( satilauK , )2X( artiC , )3X( ,

lauJ anruP nanayaL )4X( agraH , )5X( nahadumeK nad ,

helorepmeM )6X(

nagnareteK ialiN 1X 2X 3X 4X 5X 6X

ssenwekS - 162,0 - 420,0 - 691,0 601,0 - 415,0 - 851,0 fo rorrE .dtS

ssenwekS 142,0 142,0 142,0 142,0 142,0 142,0

sisotruK 360,0 - 901,0 - 550,0 542,0 - 991,0 301,0 fo rorrE .dtS

sisotruK 874,0 874,0 874,0 874,0 874,0 874,0


401

,2X ,1X lebairav avruk isubirtsid awhab nakkujnunem 8.5 lebaT

senwekS oisar anerak lamron halada 6X nad ,5X ,4X ,3X nad s

adap adareb aynsisotruK - 2+ iapmas 2 .

)b satireinilokitluM

gnay reinil isalerok aynada nakkujnunem satireinilokitluM

.aynnednepedni lebairav aumes uata aparebeb aratnaid anrupmes

lebairav aynlaedI - kadit iserger naamasrep irad nednepedni lebairav

kilimem .aynnial nagned utas isalerok i

nakukalem nagned nakukalid tapad satireinilokitlum ijU

tahilem nad ,0.71 SSPS margorp nagned adnagreb iserger sisilana

( FIV ialin nad isnarelot ialin rotcaF noitalfnI ecnairaV gnay )

lisah adap naklipmatid o tuptu ger sisilana adnagreb iser

9.5 lebaT satireinilokitluM ijU lisaH

.oN lebairaV scitsitatS ytiraenilloC ecnareloT FIV

.1 1X latoT 755.0 697.1

.2 2X latoT 318.0 032.1

.3 3X latoT 356.0 135.1

.4 4X latoT 776.0 874.1

.5 5X latoT 957.0 713.1

.6 6X latoT 747.0 933.1 remirP ataD nahalogneP : rebmuS

ialinreb gnay ada kadit lebairav maneek irad FIV irad ialIN

ialin nad 01 = FIV irad hibel ecnarelot gnay ada kadit aynagitek

ces naklupmisid akam 1,0 irad gnaruk idajret kadit mumu ara

.sabeb lebairav ratna satiraenilokitlum


501

)c oreteH s satisitsadek

oreteh ismusA s id iserger malad ismusa halada satisitsadek

ek natamagnep utas kutnu amas kadit laudiser irad snairav anam

a utas halas ,iserger malaD .nial gnay natamagnep surah gnay ismus

natamagnep utas irad laudiser irad snairav awhab halada ihunepid

.utnetret alop ikilimem kadit nial gnay natamagnep ek

kifarg iju nagned nakukalid ini ijU olprettacs t margorp

lebat naripmal tahil( SSPS 0.6 nakukalid haletes ) tupni silana si

narabeynep awhab tubesret lisah iraD .SSPS id adnagreb iserger

tolp adap tahilid tapad tubesret laH .rutaret kadit halada laudiser

tapad akam ,utnetret alop kutnebmem kadit nad racnepret gnay

oreteh idajret kadit awhab naklupmisid s edom adap satisitsadek l

.iserger

satisitsadeksoreteH ijU lisaH 0.6 lebaT


601

)d satiraeniL

naamasrep paites kutnu awhab nakataynem satireinil ijU

nedneped nad nednepedni lebairav aratna nagnubuh ,reinil iserger

kifarg adap tahilid tapad satiraenil iju lisaH .raeinil surah

ettacs tolpr oreteh s tsadek 0.6 lebat naripmal tahil( satisi ) tapaD .

lebairav aratna raenil nagnubuh idajret awhab naklupmisid - lebairav

kitit adap anerak nedneped lebairav nagned nednepedni - kitit

tolprettacs .sata nanak ek hara nakkujnunem

.2 reB isergeR ijU sisilanA adnag

)a adnagreB isergeR neisifeoK

rotkaf iuhatgnem kutnu nakanugid ini sisilanA - apa rotkaf

lebairav iulalem nemusnok adap huragnep ikilimem gnay ajas

nahadumek nad ,agrah ,lauj anrup nanayal ,artic ,satilauk ,taafnam

nemusnok satilayol padahret helorepmem tukireb iagabes halada

naripmal( 1.6 lebat )


701

1.6 lebaT adnagreB isergeR ijU lisaH

lebairaV B t gnutih t lebat nagnareteK )tnatsnoC( )257.3( )176.2( 489.1 - taafnaM

(X1) 592.0 652.2 489.1 ,kalotid oH

amiretid aH satilauK

(X2) 672.0 414.3 489.1 id oH ,kalot

amiretid aH ( artiC X3) 570.0 296.0 489.1 ,amiretid oH

kalotid aH nanayaL lauJ anruP

(X4)

372.0 382.2 489.1 ,kalotid oHamiretid aH

( agraH X5) 189.0 220.4 489.1 ,kalotid oHamiretid aH


(X6)

)430.0( )651.0( 489.1 ,amiretid oHkalotid aH


iju lisah iraD bat adap adnagreb iserger el .6 ,1 sitametam araces

:tukireb iagabes adnagreb iserger naamasrep nususid tapad

= Y - + 257,3 X592,0 1 X672,0 + 2 X570,0 + 3 X372,0 + 4 X189,0 + 5 -

X430,0 6

.3 U natlumiS ijU uata F ij

irad huragnep aynraseb ijugnem kutnu nakanugid kitsitats F ijU

anrup nanayal ,artic ,satilauk ,taafnam( nednepedni lebairav hurules

amasreb araces )kudorp helorepmem nahadumek nad ,agrah ,lauj - amas

ed lebairav padahret natlumis uata .)nemusnok satilayol( nednep


801

irK : nakanugid gnay iju airet

akiJ F gnutih > F lebat H akam 0 ,kalotid

j aki F gnutih ≤ F lebat H akam 0 amiretid .

nakumenem kutnU F lebat nagned nagnutihrep nakukalid

hilem nad iserger lebat nakanuggnem naripmal tahil( avonA lebat ta

2.6 lebat nad ) lecxe tfosorcim sumur nagned :

)2 fd,1 fd,50.0( VNIF )39,6,50.0( VNIF = isah helorepid gnay rasebes l

.791,2 F gnutih itrareb gnay 815,81 rasebes 815,81 > 791,2 tapad nad

H awhab naklupmisid 0 H kalotid a .amiretid X lebairav itrareb gnaY 1

X ,)taafnam( 2 X ,)satilauk( 3 X ,)artic( 4 X ,)lauj anrup nanayal( 5 ,)agrah(

X nad 6 races )helorepmem nahadumek( amasreb a - natlumis uata amas

.nemusnok satilayol padahret

.4 laisraP ijU uata T ijU

israp araces iserger neisifeok ijugnem kutnu nakanugid T ijU irad la

: airetitk nagned aynnednepedni lebairav

akiJ t gnutih > t lebat H akam 0 ,kalotid

akij t gnutih ≤ t lebat H akam 0 amiretid .

T iju lisah iuhategnem kutnU at iulalem tahilid tapad 1.6 leb adaP .

X( kudorp taafnam lebairav 1 ,) t gnutih farat adap 652,2 rasebes

nad %5 nakifingis t lebat H itrareb gnay 489,1 rasebes 0 H nad kalotid a

gnay amiretid kkujnunem awhab na laisrap araces huragnep aynada

satilayol nagned taafnam lebairav aratna fitisop nad nakifingis gnay


901

.nemusnok gnay kudorp taafnam iggnit nikames awhab itrareb ini laH

.nemusnok satilayol takgnit iggnit nikames ,nemusnok nakasarid

uk lebairav adaP X( kudorp satila 2 ,) t gnutih nad 414,3 rasebes t lebat

H itrareb gnay %5 nakifingis farat adap 489,1 rasebes 0 H nad kalotid a

nakkujnunem gnay amiretid satilauk lebairav laisrap araces

.nemusnok satilayol padahret fitisop nad nakifingis huragnepreb laH

ini ,naklisahid gnay kudorp satilauk kiab nikames awhab itrareb

.nemusnok satilayol takgnit iggnit nikames

X( kudorp artic lebairav adaP 3 ,) t gnutih nad 296,0 rasebes t lebat

H itrareb gnay %5 nakifingis farat adap 489,1 rasebes 0 H nad amiretid a

gnay kalotid awhab nakkujnunem nad nakifingis kadit artic lebairav

.nemusnok satilayol padahret huragnep ikilimem kadit itrareb ini laH

kadit ,tubesret kudorp irad artic kurub/kiab nikames awhab

.nemusnok satilayol takgnit ihuragnepmem

X( lauj anrup lebairav adaP 4 ,) t gnutih nad 382,2 rasebes t lebat rasebes

H itrareb gnay %5 nakifingis farat adap 489,1 0 H nad kalotid a amiretid

nakkujnunem gnay lauj anrup nanayal lebairav laisrap araces

satilayol padahret fitisop huragnepreb nad nakifingis huragnepreb

.nemusnok ini laH irad lauj anrup nanayal kiab nikames awhab itrareb

.nemusnok satilayol takgnit iggnit nikames ,tubesret kudorp

X( kudorp agrah lebairav adaP 5 ,) t gnutih nad 220,4 rasebes t lebat

H itrareb gnay %5 nakifingis farat adap 489,1 rasebes 0 H nad kalotid a

retid awhab nakkujnunem gnay ami kudorp agrah lebairav araces


011

laisrap satilayol padahret fitisop nad nakifingis huragnepreb

.nemusnok ,tubesret kudorp agrah harum nikames itrareb ini laH

.nemusnok satilayol takgnit iggnit nikames

orepmem nahadumek lebairav adaP X( kudorp hel 6 ,) t gnutih rasebes -

nad 651,0 t lebat gnay %5 rasebes nakifingis farat adap 489,1 rasebes

H itrareb 0 H nad amiretid a nakkujnunem nad kalotid lebairav

dorp helorepmem nahadumek kadit ku si akifing ikilimem kadit nad n

satilayol padahret huragnep .nemusnok nikames awhab itrareb ini laH

ihuragnepmem kadit ,tubesret kudorp naktapadnem ayntilus/hadum

.nemusnok satilayol takgnit

.5 isanimreteD neisifeoK

R( isanimreted neisifeoK 2 nakkujnunem adnagreb iserger lisah irad )

nedneped lebairav raseb aparebes naksalejid asib )nemusnok satilayol(

lebairav helo - nanayal ,artic ,satilauk ,taafnam( nednepedni lebairav

.)helorepmem nahadumek ,agrah ,lauj anrup neisifeok lisaH

kapmat isanimreted bat adap el tukireb .6 lebat naripmal( 2):

.6 lebaT 2 sergeR sisilanA lisaH natlumiS araceS i

yrammuS ledoM b


ledoM

R RerauqS

detsujdA R

erauqS

.dtS fo rorrE

ehtetamitsE

scitsitatS egnahC R

erauqSegnahC

FegnahC

fd1

fd2

F .giSegnahC

1 837.0 a 445.0 515.0 97377.1 445.0 815.81 6 39 000.0


111

R( isanimreted neisifeok nakkujnunem sisilana lisaH 2 lebairav )


itrareb ini laH .%4,45 uata 445,0 rasebes helorepmem nagnabmus

d agrah ,lauj anrup nanayal ,artic ,satilauk ,taafnam lebairav na

helorepmem nahadumek satilayol lebairav naksalejnem malad kudorp

rasebes gnades ,%4,45 helo ihuragnepid %6,54 halada aynasis nak

.ini naitilenep malad kusam kadit gnay nial lebairav

.E agiteK nahalasamreP sisilanA kinkeT

utiay agitek nahalasamrep nasumuR satilayol iggnit aparebes

padahret nemusnok enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem neercshcuot . itileneP

pukuc ,layol ,layol tagnas utiay ,natakgnit 5 maladek nakkopmolegnem

lmuJ .layol kadit tagnas nad ,layol kadit ,layol naitilenep adap isneukerf ha

1 = N ialin uata ini nakanuggnem nagned 00 tukireb iagabes segrutS sumur

:

K ,6,7 = 001 goL x 3,3 + 1 = .8 idajnem naktalubid

taubmem itilenep ,raseb ulalret satilayol natakgnit anerak ,numaN

gnisam salek lavretni aynukireB .5 idajnem natakgnit - natakgnit gnisam

uggnem nagned : segrutS sumur nakan

= ic 𝑒𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑟𝐾

= 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑏 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑎 − 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑤𝑎𝑏 ℎ𝐾

= 5 − 15

5 = 8,0 =


211

utiay salek lavretni 5 libmaid tapad akaM :

saleK lavretnI 3.6 lebaT

SALEK LAVRETNI layol tagnaS 12,4 – 5 00,

layoL 14,3 – 02,4 layoL pukuC 16,2 – 04,3 layoL kadiT 18,1 – 06,2

layoL kadiT tagnaS 00,1 – 08,1

ategnem kutnU nemusnok satilayol iggnit aparebes irad lisah iuh

nautnab nagned atad nagnutihrep akam lecxE tfosorciM 3 iulalem

irad naaynatrep meti rep nakukalid nagnutihrep nad nemusnok satilayol

atar irad latot helorepid tapad aggnihes nednopser - lisaH .satilayol atar

atar sisilana - naripmal tahil( adap tahilid tapad satilayol atar .6 lebat 4 latoT )

atar - helorepmem kutnU .33,633 rasebes nednopser 001 irad satilayol atar

: sumur nagned nemusnok satilayol irad naruku

𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑇 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑅 − 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑜𝑙𝑁

= 633 , 33001

pukuc level adap adareb gnay 63,3 =

layol .

.F nasahabmeP

.1 M amatreP halasa anuggneP nemusnoK kitsiretkaraK :

enohpdnaH ledoM gnusmaS neercshcuoT

irad helorepid gnay atad sisilanagnem haleteS liforp sisilana lisah

naigab adap ,kitsitats edotem nagned atad nahalognep nad nednopser

nasumur lisah ianegnem malad hibel sahabmem naka itilenep ini

.halasam


311

anuggnep kitisiretkarak ianegnem amatrep halasam nasumur kutnU

enohpdnah gnusmaS ,neercshcuot y .nednopser rumu ianegnem utia

anuggnep nednopser rumU enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot atna 51 ar

– J .%48 halmujreb nuhat 52 51 rumu irad tahilid aki - tapad nuhat 52

.adum gnaro helo nakanugid nakaynabek anuggnep naklupmisid laH

51 rumu nakbabesid ini - nuhat 52 naka isgneg nakrikimem hisam gnay

nad namaz nalaggnitek nalaggnitek kadit ayapus aynratikes nagnukgnil

rutif - adap gnaro areles nagned iauses aguj naklipmatid gnay rutif

51 rumu takgnit – nakanugid tapad gnay tenretni rutif itrepes ,nuhat 52

seskagnem kutnu gnikrowten laicos .ini taas gnabmekreb gnades gnay

ay nimalek sinej iges irad kitsiretkaraK uti ikal - halmuj nagned ikal

anuggnep itrareb ini laH .%35 enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot

ikal halada nakaynabek - nanikgnumek putunem kadit numaN .ikal

merep anuggnep .aynesatnesrep sipit adebreb aguj naup nakaynabeK

ikal nimalek sinej - anerak ikal nakanuggnem gnades nalutebek araces

enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot naigabmep taas adap itilet id gnay

.renoisiuk

edes/awsisaham/rajalep ukas gnau raseb iges irad kitsiretkaraK tajar

0 pR utiay agraulekreb hadus gnay igab nalisahgnep nad – 999.994

000.005 pR ,%81 halmujreb – 000.007 pR ,%81 halmujreb 999.996 –

> pR ,%62 halmujreb 999.999 D .%61 rasebes 000.000.1 tapa

lap tajaredes/awsisaham/rajalep adap ukas gnau awhab naklupmisid gni

000.007 pR halmuj adap %62 rasebes aynesatnesrep kaynab –


411

itrareb inI .999.999 enohpdnah nakanugid nad ilebid tapad gnusmaS

000.007 pR nalisahgnep takgnit adap gnaro – .999.999 ini laH

gnay agrah anerak nakbabesid nakrawatid enohpdnah pad gnusmaS ta

jid ,ayag lipmat nigni gnay awsisaham adap uakgna nredom keremreb ,

kutnu pakgnel pukuc nakrawatid gnay satilisaf nad laham kadit ipatet

ini taas itrepes igolonket namaz halet gnay igab natapadneP .

utiay agraulekreb 000.000.1 pR – pR ,%7 halmujreb 000.002.1

2.1 000.10 – 00.108.1 pR nad ,%7 halmujreb 000.008.1 0 – 000.004.2

gnay igab natapadnep padahret adebreb gnay ada kadiT .1 halmujreb

kutnu agraulekreb halet nakanuggnem nad hilimem enohpdnah

.gnusmaS kadit akerem anerak nakbabesid ini anerak nikgnuM

akgnitnemem malad nakrawatid gnay agrah apareb n enohpdnah

epit hilimem sabeb akereM .gnusmaS enohpdnah kococ gnay apa

epit ilebmem ajas asib akerem uata ini taas akerem nahutubek nagned

enohpdnah magareb nagned laham hibel uata harum hibel gnay

rawatid gnay satilisaf helo nakrawatid gnay agrah nakgnidnabid nak

enohpdnah gnusmaS

tajaredeS / AMS utiay rihkaret nakididnep iges irad kitsiretkaraK

1S nad ,%8 halmujreb 3D ,% 2 halmujreb 1D ,%37 halmujreb

anuggnep rihkaret nakididneP .%71 halmujreb enohpdnah gnusmaS

ep utiay / AMS rihkaret nakididnep maynegnem gnay anuggn

.tajaredeS sata id( iggnit nakididnepreb gnay anerak nakbabesid ini laH

nakanuggnem kutnu tanimreb gnaruk )tajaredes/AMS enohpdnah


511

gnusmaS neercshcuot nakanuggnem kutnu kiratret hibel akereM .

enohpdnah t gnay onke ibel aynigol ,yrrebkcalB itrepes( higgnac h

enohpI .)lld , enohpdnaH gnusmaS neercshcuot helo itanimid kaynab

anerak ,halokes ukgnabid kudud hisam gnay adum aluwak enohpdnah

gnusmaS neercshcuot ikilimem iased n kococ gnay kiranem gnay

kutnu nakatakid dnah enohp rutif napakgnelek kutnu numaN .luag kana

enohpdnah radnats hawabid hisam uti sinsibreb kutnu nakanugid akij ,

enohpdnah .aynnial

.2 audeK halasaM : satilayoL ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaF

nemusnoK enohpdnaH ledoM gnusmaS neercshcuoT

d nahalognep lisah iraD adnagreb reinil iserger ata rotkaf , - rotkaf

X( taafnam utiay nemusnok satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay 1 ilauk ,) sat

X( 2 X( lauj anrup nanayal ,) 4 X( agrah nad ,) 5 .)

nautnab nagned F iju lisah malaD lecxe tfosorcim ur nagned sum

)2 fd,1 fd,50.0( VNIF= sah helorepid .791,2 rasebes li F gnutih rasebes

itrareb gnay 815,81 F gnutih > F lebat H aynitra 0 H kalotid a tapad amiretid

awhab naklupmisid X( taafnam 1 X( satilauk ,) 2 ,) X( artic 3 ,) nanayal

X( lauj anrup 4 ,) X( agrah 5) X( helorepmem nahadumek nad , 6) araces

amasreb - amas satilayol padahret huragnepreb adap nemusnok

enohpdnah ledom gnusmaS kerem neercshcuot .

aynnednepedni lebairav irad laisrap araces adap T iju sisilana lisaH

kanuggnem nagned amatrep gnay lebairav utiay SSPS margorp na


611

X( taafnam 1) aynada awhab nakkujnunem nakifingis gnay huragnep

halet ini naitilenep malaD .nemusnok satilayol padahret fitisop nad

nakrikimem hibel nemusnok ilebmem mulebes awhab nakitkubid

nagned iauses hakapa ,amiret akerem naka gnay apa itni taafnam

.kadit uata ini taas nemusnok nahutubek

V X( satilauk lebaira 2) huragnep aynada awhab nakkujnunem gnay

nad nakifingis naitilenep malaD .nemusnok satilayol padahret fitisop

anuggnep awhab nakitkubid halet ini enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot

kutnu amal nahatreb tapad gnay kudorp utaus hilimem hibel nakanugid

iaretaB .gnajnap akgnaj malad enohpdnah ,amal nahatreb gnay

araces nakanugid akitek amal nahatreb tapad gnay nisem takgnarep

potsnon rayal nad , enohpdnah arap taubmem gnay majat gnay

nakanuggnem nad hilimem kutnu nemusnok enohpdnah gnusmaS

hcuot neercs .

X( artic lebairav adaP 3 nad nakifingis kadit utiay sisilana lisah ,)

kadit nemusnok anerak nakbabesid ini laH .huragnep ikilimem kadit

tahilem enohpdnah iauses kadit ,lanekret gnay kerem iagabes gnusmaS

nagned k gnay aynledom , nemusnok pudih ayag nad salekreb gnaru

.nagele

V X( lauj anrup nanayal lebaira 4) gnay huragnep ikilimem

awhab nakitkubid ini laH .satilayol padahret fitisop nad nakifingis

enohpdnah utkaw akgnaj malad isnarag nakirebmem gnusmaS

id nakiabrep nanayal tapadret ,utnetret ecivres retnec nad ,gnusmaS


711

gnadac ukus enohpdnah maS arap taubmem gnay harum gnus

ok ns padahret layol idajnem nad hilimem nemu enohpdnah .gnusmaS

lebairav adaP agrah X( 5), agrah awhab nakkujnunem sisilana lisah

irad tahilid iggnitret ialin ikilimem t gnutih sebes nakgnidnabid 220,4 ra

lebairav - huragnep ikilimem nad nial gnay lebairav nad nakifingis

nanarep ikilimem agrah itrareb ini laH .satilayol padahret fitisop

.nemusnok gnitnep enohpdnaH gnusmaS neercshcuot harum hibel

gnidnabid enohpdnah akifiseps gnay gniasep ,amas hibel gnaruk aynis

helorepmem uti haletes nad ,nemusnok arap nalisahgnep nagned iauses

.nakraulekid gnay gnau nagned taafnam

X( helorepmem nahadumek lebairav adaP 6 utiay sisilana lisah ,)

atilayol padahret huragnep ikilimem kadit nad nakifingis kadit s

hadum nagned kadit nemusnok nakbabesid ini laH .nemusnok

nakumenem enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot retnok paites id

enohpdnah aidem iulalem helorepid hadum kadit , pohs enilno nad ,

enohpdnah 2 dn gnusmaS neercshcuot id nakumetid hadum kadit

retnok - retnok nah .enohpd

R( isanimreted neisifeok nakkujnunem sisilana lisaH 2 lebairav )


.%4,45 uata 445,0 rasebes helorepmem lebairav itrareb ini laH

nad agrah ,lauj anrup nanayal ,artic ,satilauk ,taafnam nahadumek

,%4,45 rasebes satilayol lebairav naksalejnem tapad helorepmem

,aynnial lebairav helo naksalejid %6,54 halada aynasis nakgnades


811

,agrah ,lauj anrup nanayal ,artic ,satilauk ,taafnam lebairav raulid

helorepmem nahadumek .

.3 agiteK halasaM arebeS : nemusnoK satilayoL iggniT ap

nakanuggnem nagned nagnutihrep lisah malaD lecxE tfosorciM

irad lisah awhab nakkujnunem latot atar - mujes utiay satilayol atar hal

latot naidumek gnay 33,633 atar - nednopser halmuj igabid satilayol atar

: 633 , 33001

areb 63,3 = yol pukuc itr la naripmal tahil( 6 4. ) . naitilenep lisaH

anuggnep awhab nakkujnunem ini enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem

neercshcuot nit pukuc gnay satilayol takgnit iaynupmem .igg ini laH

irad agrah nad ,lauj anrup nanayal ,satilauk ,taafnam helo nakanerakid

t kudorp tubesre .anuggnep nanigniek nagned iauses


911

IV BAB

PUTUNEP

.A nalupmiseK

bab adap nasahabmep nad sisilana lisah nakrasadreB - ,aynmulebes bab

: tukireb iagabes aynnalupmisek helorepid tapad akam

.1 kitsiretkarak ianegnem amatrep gnay halasam nasumur adaP

r ,nednopse reb isanimodid nednopser 51 utiay rumu - sinej ,nuhat 52

ikal halada nakaynabek nednopser nimalek - rihkaret nakididnep ,ikal

S halada kaynabret nednopser ukas gnau aynraseb nad ,tajaredes / AM

( nalub rep igab )tajaredes/awsisaham/rajalep 007 pR utiay 000. –

ada kadit agraulekreb halet gnay kutnu natapadnep nakgnades 999.999

.aynadeb

.2 rotkaF - padahret nemusnok satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf

enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem neercshcuot : X lebairav 1 taafnam(

X lebairav ,)kudorp 2 X lebairav ,)kudorp satilauk( 4 ( anrup nanayal

X lebairav nad ,)lauj 5 .)kudorp agrah( lebairav nakgnadeS X3 )artic(

lebairav nad X6 helorepmem nahadumek( nad nakifingis kadit gnay )

.nemusnok satilayol padahret huragnepreb kadit

.3 padahret nemusnok satilayol ayniggniT enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem

neercshcuot .layol pukuc takgnit adap adareb


021

.B naraS

gnay naitilenep nasatabretek irad kajipreb naras nakirebmem siluneP

: utiay ,silunep nakukalid

.1 naijugnep malad gnitnep gnay lebairav utas halas nakapurem taafnaM

rotkaf - ggniheS .nemusnok satilayol rotkaf agajnem ulrep naahasurep a

aman ,satilauk takgnit ,niasid ,asaj nad kudorp rutif naktakgninem nad

.naggnalep kitsiretkarak nagned iauses nasamek nad ,kerem

.2 nakutnetid gnay asaj uata kudorp kitsiretkarak nakapurem satilauK

id gnay nemusnok uata iakamep helo gnay nakiabrep iulalem helorep

naktakgninem nad agajnem ulrep naahasurep aggniheS .natujnalekreb

iaretab amaturet kudorp satilauk enohpdnah ,amal nahatreb gnay

araces nakanugid akitek amal nahatreb tapad gnay nisem takgnarep

rayal nad potsnon enohpdnah nay naka kiab gnay satilauK .majat g

nakukalem naka aggnihes naggnalep adapek nasaupek nakirebmem

.gnalureb araces nailebmep

.3 nesudorp helo nakrawatid gnay asaj nakapurem lauj anrup nanayaL

iagabes nakukalid nalaujnep iskasnart haletes nemusnok adapek

m nanimaj naahasurep aggniheS .nakrawatid gnay kudorp kutnu utu

gnay gnadac ukus ,nakiabrep nanayal naktakgninem nad agajnem ulrep

.nemusnok kitsiretkarak nagned iauses harum

.4 aggnihes nemusnok igab gnitnep gnay nanarep ikilimem agraH

nem nad agajnem ulrep naahasurep agrah isakola nanarep naktakgni


121

gnay nemusnok kitisiretkarak nagned iauses isamrofni nanarep nad

atar - .aut gnaro irad ukas gnau naktapadnem hisam nad rajalep atar

.C naitileneP nasatabreteK

asatabretek aparebeb ikilimem silunep helo nakukalid gnay naitileneP ,n

: nial aratna

.1 lahadap ,rotkaf 6 ada aynah ini naitilenep malad itiletid gnay rotkaF

nemusnok satilayol ihuragnepmem gnay nial rotkaf kaynab hisam

enohpdnah gnusmaS kerem neercshcuot ajas utnet ini laH .

ep ajas utnet nad ini naitilenep lisah ihuragnepmem aynah ini naitilen

.tubesret rotkaf maneek adap satabret

.2 kutneb malad atad anerak halada ini naitilenep malad nial nasatabreteK

gnay atad awhab kaltum araces inikayid tapad kadit akam ,renoisiuk

narujujeK .nednopser irad aynranebes gnay atad halada tapadid malad

naranebek nad natarukaek kutnu nakhutubid tagnas renoisiuk isignem

aynmumu adap nakgnades ,naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay atad

fitkejbo nagned kadit renoisiuk malad naaynatrep bawajnem nednopser

.saib gnurednec nad


1 22

akatsuP ratfaD

fdp.92%launam82%ahplahcabnorc/selcitranepo/moc.idnailujrauza.www//:ptth

)0102 rebmeseD 2 laggnat adap seskaid(

ca.artep.biligid//:ptth php.reweiv/di. )1102 lirpA 72 laggnat adap seskaid(

php.xedni/moc.nemejanamumli.www//:ptth )1102 lirpA 72 laggnat adap seskaid(

lirpA 72 laggnat adap seskaid( lauj anrup nanayal/gro.aidepikiw.di//:ptth )1102

t/php.xedni/evihcra/moc.luagw.murof//:ptth - lmth.07707 id( 31 laggnat adap seska

)1102 ieM

/di/moc.gnusmas.www//:ptth 31 laggnat adap seskaid( )1102 ieM

fdp.1_eliF/1/296/di.ca.mitajnpu.stnirpe//:ptth )1102 ieM 61 laggnat adap seskaid(

2%BAB/56140403/haimli02%nasilunep/repap/stneduts/di.ca.kitskaj.egarots//:ptth

PFDP#3510616031|ac7f6ac3d706045e8db3dfc2ed7449950f17e90f=nekot?fdp.II0

)1102 ieM 32 laggnat seskaid(

rabmaG/7/81045894/cod/moc.dbircs.www//:ptth -2-3- rotakidnI - rotakidni - agraH

)1102 ieM 72 laggnat seskaid(

dnarB_kereM_artiC_nagnubuH/25/meti/lanruoj/moc.ylpitlum.efilrenniweht//:ptth

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gnabmel gnat seskaid( )1102 ieM 72 lag

SISILANA/40103972/cod/moc.dbircs.www//:ptth - ROTKAF -2 adap seskaid(

)1102 inuJ 4 laggnat

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88971/08081/eliFweiv/elcitra/ram/php.xedni/lanruoje/di.ca.artep.2tilsup//:ptth


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/98301/di.ca.pidnu.stnirpe//:ptth )1102 inuJ 7 laggnat seskaid(

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)1102

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aP_aisenodnI_talamauM_knaB_susaK_idutS_nailebmeP_nasutupeK_nad_egamI_

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isakinumok/40/8002/moc.topsgolb.irausida//:ptth - lmth.narasamep seskaid(


lekitra/moc.ukkutnu.www//:ptth - naitregnep/ukkutnu - satilauk - lmth.ukkutnu

)1102 inuJ 01 laggnat seskaid(

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fdp.II02%retpahC/3/16122/987654321/maertstib/di.ca.usu.yrotisoper//:ptth


x/di.ca.amataydiw.ecapsd//:ptth dp.102%tnetnoc/409/46301/eldnah/maertstib/iulm

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de/...57BTI/pisra/azihr~/di.ca.sahnu.www - cod.IWAMREB 51 laggnat seskaid(

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421


e/di.ca.ahskidnu.www//:ptth - 1/4/iretamnsd/ffats/gninrael - fdp.45 laggnat seskaid(

)1102 inuJ 02

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)1102 sutsuga 82 laggnat seskaid(

moc.gnusmas.www//:ptth )1102 sutsuga 82 adap seskaid(

.5002 .aratnA edaM nad uyA gnugA itsuG iN ,itutsairA rotkaF - gnay rotkaF

ereM padahreT naggnaleP satilayoL nakutneneM atoK id orsoS lotoB heT k

.rasapneD satlukaF nainatreP imonokE laisoS nasuruJ ,sinsibirgA idutS margorP

.anayadU satisrevinU nainatreP

.9002 .snetraM .E.J ,namsoB noitcudorP ehT dna yroehT egamI dnarB egamI fleS

aideM lufgninaeM .ytiralimiS fo : tacinummoC laicoS ehT no hcraeseR noi

ytilaeR fo noitcurtnoC 771.pp : 7 , - .681

natakedneP utauS : narasameP nemejanaM .0002 .ehceraL nad ,reklaW ,dyoB

.nawamruN mamI nahamejreT .audeK isidE .labolG isatneirO nagned sigetartS

.aggnalrE .TP : atrakaJ

,.R dlanoD ,repooC 1 diliJ sinsiB naitileneP edoteM .5991 .yromE .C mailliW nad

.atrakaJ : aggnalrE .amilek isidE

.narasameP nemejanaM .0002 .onotpijT asahaB hila ,notliW nad esT malad yaD

.tesffO ydnA : atrakaygoY

: atrakaJ .I diliJ .nemusnoK ukalireP .4991 .semaJ .F ,legnE .araskA arupaniB

nemusnoK ukalireP .5991 .drainiM .W.P nad llewkcalB .D.R ,.F.J ,legnE

.araskA apuraniB : atrakaJ .)2 diliJ ,nahamejreT(


521

.2002 .lliJ ,niffirG ytlayoL remotsuC aggnalrE : atrakaJ .

.0002 .pilihP ,reltoK tnemeganaM gnitekraM tidE muinnelliM . : yesreJ weN .noi

.llaH ecitnerP

.1002 .gnortsmrA yraG ,.__________ gnitekraM fo selpicnirP : yesreJ weN .

.llaH ecitnerP

.3002 .naT gnoiT nihC ;gnoeL gneM weiS ;gnA gnooH eewS,.__________

atrakaJ .2 diliJ agiteK isidE aisA gnadnaP tuduS narasameP nemejanaM .skednI :

.6002 .relleK ,.__________ tnemeganaM gnitekraM nosraeP : yesreJ weN .

.cnI noitacidE

pisnirP .8002 .gnortsmrA yraG ,.__________ - .TP : atrakaJ .narasameP pisnirp

.aggnalrE

rotkaF sisilanA .6002 .yreH ,nawainruK - nemusnoK ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaF

D .padeS kereM natsnI eiM kudorP nailebmeP nasutupeK nalibmagneP mala

.6002 gnalaM akedreM satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF ispirkS

,agraH ,kudorP satilauK huragneP sisilanA .0102 .ativsoR auD ,gnabmeL

malaD muniM paiS ehT nailebmeP nasutupeK padahreT acauC nad ,isomorP

satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF ispirkS .orsoS lotoB ehT kereM nasameK

.0102 gnarameS

neruaL ,.rehpotsirhC .H ,kcolevoL .asaJ narasameP nemejanaM .5002 .thgirW .K

.skednI : atrakaJ

,4002 .neroM ,ahteragraM isiviD adaP naggnaleP satilayoL ianegneM idutS

aretuP imuB BJA nalupmuK isnarusA emuloV aisenodnI narasameP sniaS lanruJ .

982 laH 3 oN III - 803


621

.4002 .onsirT ,otnasuM tkaF ro - satilayoL nad naggnaleP nasaupeK rotkaF

ayabaruS gnisitrevdA aideM anaraS .VC adap susaK iduts naggnaleP lanruJ .

321 laH 4002 rebmetpeS 2 .oN IV emuloV naahasuariweK nad nemejanaM - 631

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stneilC weN yb secivreS elbignatnI fo egamI etaroproC deviecreP dna ,

242 .pp : 31 ,tnemeganaM yrtsudnI nanayaleP fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI - .262

sasA .0002 .nawarI nad usaB .H.D ,ahtsawS - : atrakaygoY .2 isidE gnitekraM sasa

.tesffO idnA

M .7991.H ,ramU .)1 nakateC( narasameP malad isakilpA : naitileneP edote

.aggnalrE : atrakaJ

.6002 .A.S ,aseaW noitaleR cilbuP cigetartS akatsuP aidemarG .TP : atrakaJ .

.mumU

satilayoL ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaF sisilanA .4002 .otnayidiW

ilauK nemejnaM .5002 .nailuZ ,timaY aisinokE : atrakaygoY .asaJ nad kudorP sat


721

I NARIPMAL LEBAT


821

nimaleK sineJ 2.5 lebaT

ycneuqerF tnecreP dilaVtnecreP

evitalumuCtnecreP

dilaV naupmereP 74 0.74 0.74 0.74 ikaL - ikal 35 0.35 0.35 0.001

latoT 001 001 0. 0.001 ataD nahalogneP : rebmuS

remirP

ukas gnau & natapadneP 3.5 lebaT


evitalumuCtnecreP

dilaV 0 - 999.994 81 0.81 0.81 0.81 000.005 - 999.996 81 0.81 0.81 0.63 000.007 - 999.999 62 0.62 0.62 0.26

1> 000.000. 61 0.61 0.61 0.87 0 - 000.002.1 7 0.7 0.7 0.58

000.102.1 - 000.008.1 7 0.7 0.7 0.29 000.108.1 - 000.004.2 1 0.1 0.1 0.39

000.104.2> 7 0.7 0.7 0.001 latoT 001 0.001 0.001


nednopseR rumU 1.5 lebaT


evitalumuCtnecreP

dilaV 51 - nuhat 52 48 0.48 0.48 0.48 62 - nuhat 53 41 0.41 0.41 0.89 63 - nuhat 54 2 0.2 0.2 01 0.0 64 - nuhat 55 0 0. 0. 0.

latoT 001 0.001 0.001 ataD nahalogneP : rebmuS

P remir


921

reT nakididneP 4.5 lebaT rihka


evitalumuCtnecreP

dilaV tajaredes / AMS 37 0.37 0.37 0.37 1D 2 0.2 0.2 0.57 3D 8 0.8 0.8 0.38 1S 71 0.71 0.71 0.001

latoT 001 0.001 0.001 ataD nahalogneP : rebmuS

remirP

laV ijU lisaH 5.5 lebaT naitileneP nemurtsnI satidi

lebairaV naaynatreP rituB r gnutih r lebat .teK

X( taafnaM 1) 1 naaynatreP 873.0 791.0 dilaV 2 naaynatreP 764.0 791.0 dilaV 3 naaynatreP 84.0 791.0 dilaV

X( satilauK 2) 1 naaynatreP 992.0 791.0 dilaV 2 naaynatreP 823.0 791.0 dilaV 3 naaynatreP 285.0 791.0 dilaV

X( artiC 3) 1 naaynatreP 943.0 791.0 dilaV 2 naaynatreP 323.0 791.0 dilaV 3 naaynatreP 804.0 791.0 dilaV

anruP nanayaLX( lauJ 4)

1 naaynatreP 444.0 791.0 dilaV 2 naaynatreP 252.0 791.0 dilaV

treP 3 naayna 953.0 791.0 dilaV

X( agraH 5) 1 naaynatreP 371.0 791.0 dilaV kadiT 2 naaynatreP 231.0 791.0 dilaV kadiT 3 naaynatreP 655.0 791.0 dilaV


X( 6)

1 naaynatreP 151.0 791.0 dilaV kadiT 2 naaynatreP 982.0 791.0 dilaV

aaynatreP 3 n 171.0 791.0 dilaV kadiT remirp atad nahalogneP :rebmuS


031

6.5 lebaT ijU lisaH satilibaileR

ahplA s'hcabnorC smetI fo N .teK

628. 41 lebaileR atad nahalogneP :rebmuS

remirp

7.5 lebaT & ssenwekS satilamroN ijU lisaHsisotruK yoL lebairaV )Y( nemusnoK satila

nagnareteK ialiN ssenwekS - 530.0

ssenwekS fo rorrE .dtS 142.0 sisotruK 741.0

sisotruK fo rorrE .dtS 874.0 remirp atad nahalogneP :rebmuS

8.5 lebaT sisotruK & ssenwekS ijU lisaH

taafnaM lebairaV )1X( satilauK , )2X( artiC , )3X( , lauJ anruP nanayaL )4X( ,

agraH )5X( helorepmeM nahadumeK nad , )6X(

nagnareteK ialiN X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6

ssenwekS - 162,0 - 420,0 - 691,0 601,0 - 415,0 - 851,0 fo rorrE .dtS

ssenwekS 142,0 142,0 142,0 142,0 142,0 142,0

sisotruK 360,0 - 901,0 - 550,0 542,0 - 91,0 9 301,0 fo rorrE .dtS

sisotruK 874,0 874,0 874,0 874,0 874,0 874,0


131

9.5 lebaT satireinilokitluM ijU

.oN lebairaV scitsitatS ytiraenilloC

ecnareloT FIV 1 X latoT 1 755. 697.1

2 X latoT 2 318. 032.1

3 X latoT 3 356. 135.1

4 X latoT 4 776. 874.1

5 X latoT 5 957. 713.1

6 X latoT 6 747. 933.1

atad nahalogneP :rebmuSremirp

0.6 lebaT satiraeniL ijU & satisitsadeksoreteH ijU lisaH


231

1.6 lebaT adnagreB isergeR ijU lisaH

lebairaV B ateB t gnutih t lebat nagnareteK

( tnatsnoC ) )257.3(

)176.2(

489.1 -

X1

592.0

212.0

652.2

489.1 amiretid aH,kalotid oH

X2

672.0

562.0

414.3

489.1 miretid aH,kalotid oH a

X3

570.0

060.0

296.0

489.1 kalotid aH ,amiretid oH

X4

372.0

491.0

382.2


X5

189.0 323.0

220.4


X6

)430.0(

)310.0(

)651.0(

489.1 kalotid aH ,amiretid oH

remirp atad nahalogneP :rebmuS

2.6 lebaT natlumiS ijU / F ijU R erauqS R tsujdA F .giS

837.0 515.0

815.81 000.0


yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R R

erauqS detsujdA

erauqS R

.dtS fo rorrE

ehtetamitsE

scitsitatS egnahC R

erauqSegnahC

FegnahC

fd1

fd2

giS F .egnahC

1 837. a 445.0 515.0 97377.1 445.0 815.81 6 39 0

: rebmuS ataD nahalogneP

remirP


331

salek lavretnI 3.6 lebaT

SALEK LAVRETNI layoL tagnaS 12,4 – 00,5

layoL 14,3 – 02,4 layoL pukuC 16,2 – 04,3 layoL kadiT 18,1 – 06,2

T tagnaS layoL kadi 00,1 – 08,1


431

LEBAT 4.6 ATAR - SATILAYOL ATAR

nednopseR

taafnaM

latoTtaafnaM

satilauK latoTsatilauK

artiC latoT

artiC nanayaLlauJ anruP

latoT nanayaL

anruPlauJ

agraH latoT

agraH

nahadumeKhelorepmeM latoT

nahadumeKhelorepmeM

satilayoLnemusnoK latoT

satilayoLnemusnoK

latoTnahuruleseK

ataR - atar)71/latot(

ataR - atarsatilayoL

1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 3 1 1 2 3

1 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 51 5 5 3 3 5 5 5 51 08 44.4 00.5

2 4 4 4 21 4 3 4 11 4 3 4 11 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 21 26 44.3 00.4

3 4 4 3 11 3 2 4 9 3 5 5 31 4 2 2 8 3 3 1 1 3 4 4 11 55 60.3 76.3

4 4 3 4 11 3 3 4 01 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 11 3 3 5 5 3 3 3 9 55 60.3 00.3

5 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 3 4 4 11 4 4 3 11 5 5 3 3 4 4 4 21 36 05.3 00.4

6 5 3 4 21 5 5 5 51 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 9 85 22.3 00.3

7 4 4 4 21 4 3 4 11 4 3 4 11 3 3 2 8 4 4 3 3 2 3 4 9 55 60.3 00.3

8 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 21 5 3 4 21 4 3 2 9 4 4 2 2 3 3 3 9 75 71.3 00.3

9 5 5 4 41 2 2 4 8 5 3 5 31 5 5 3 31 5 5 3 3 3 4 4 11 46 65.3 76.3

01 4 4 2 01 3 4 3 01 3 4 4 11 3 3 3 9 3 3 4 4 2 3 4 9 25 98.2 00.3

11 4 3 4 11 4 3 3 01 3 3 4 01 5 3 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 11 85 22.3 76.3

21 5 5 3 31 5 4 5 41 3 3 4 01 5 3 3 11 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 41 66 76.3 76.4

31 4 5 5 41 4 4 3 11 3 4 4 11 5 3 2 01 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 11 06 33.3 76.3

41 4 4 3 11 4 3 3 01 4 3 3 01 4 2 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 01 45 00.3 33.3

51 4 2 3 9 3 3 3 9 4 3 3 01 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 01 35 49.2 33.3

61 5 4 3 21 3 3 4 01 3 3 4 01 3 3 2 8 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 01 45 00.3 33.3

71 5 5 5 51 5 4 5 41 2 5 5 21 4 3 2 9 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 51 07 98.3 00.5

81 3 4 3 01 3 2 2 7 3 4 3 01 2 4 4 01 4 4 4 4 2 3 3 8 94 27.2 76.2

91 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 4 3 4 11 4 4 3 11 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 01 95 82.3 33.3

02 4 4 4 21 2 3 4 9 3 3 3 9 5 3 3 11 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 01 55 60.3 33.3

12 4 5 5 41 5 4 4 31 5 5 5 51 5 3 2 01 4 4 3 3 5 5 5 51 17 49.3 00.5

22 4 4 2 01 5 2 4 11 4 2 4 01 5 5 2 21 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 8 45 00.3 76.2

32 4 4 4 21 5 4 4 31 4 4 5 31 4 3 3 01 4 4 3 3 4 2 4 01 26 44.3 33.3


531

42 5 5 3 31 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 51 4 4 4 21 5 5 3 3 3 4 4 11 17 49.3 76.3

52 4 4 3 11 2 3 2 7 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 11 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 6 84 76.2 00.2

62 3 4 4 11 2 3 2 7 4 5 4 31 4 4 3 11 5 5 4 4 2 2 1 5 25 98.2 76.1

72 5 5 3 31 3 3 4 01 4 4 5 31 4 4 3 11 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 11 36 05.3 76.3

82 3 3 3 21 3 3 4 01 3 3 3 21 4 3 3 01 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 65 11.3 00.3

92 4 4 3 11 5 5 3 31 4 3 3 01 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 9 65 11.3 00.3

03 5 5 4 41 3 3 3 9 3 3 4 01 4 4 3 11 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 7 45 00.3 33.2

13 4 5 4 31 5 4 4 31 3 5 5 31 4 4 2 01 4 4 2 2 4 4 4 21 56 16.3 00.4

23 4 4 3 11 3 2 3 8 3 3 3 9 4 3 2 9 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 9 94 27.2 00.3

33 4 4 4 21 4 3 2 9 2 4 4 01 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 2 3 3 8 45 00.3 76.2

43 5 4 3 21 3 4 4 11 4 4 5 31 4 5 4 31 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 11 46 65.3 76.3

53 4 4 4 21 2 3 4 9 2 3 4 9 4 4 3 11 4 4 2 2 2 2 3 7 25 98.2 33.2

63 4 4 3 11 3 2 3 8 3 3 3 9 3 3 2 8 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 9 84 76.2 00.3

73 3 4 4 11 3 2 3 8 3 3 3 9 4 3 2 01 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 7 74 16.2 33.2

83 4 4 3 11 3 2 5 01 3 3 4 01 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 21 85 22.3 00.4

93 4 4 3 11 3 2 4 9 3 3 4 01 4 3 2 9 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 9 25 98.2 00.3

04 4 4 3 11 5 4 4 31 5 3 4 21 4 3 3 11 4 4 2 2 4 3 3 9 06 33.3 00.3

14 4 4 5 31 3 3 3 9 3 4 4 11 4 3 3 9 5 5 3 3 2 3 3 8 55 60.3 76.2

24 5 4 4 31 4 3 3 9 4 4 5 31 3 2 2 7 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 9 55 60.3 00.3

34 4 3 4 11 3 3 4 9 4 3 4 11 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 2 3 4 9 55 60.3 00.3

44 3 5 4 21 4 3 4 11 4 5 4 31 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 21 36 05.3 00.4

54 4 3 4 11 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 9 95 82.3 00.3

64 5 4 4 31 2 3 4 9 3 4 3 9 4 4 3 11 5 5 3 3 3 4 4 11 85 22.3 76.3

74 4 4 4 21 5 3 4 21 5 3 4 21 5 4 4 31 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 9 26 44.3 00.3

84 3 4 4 11 4 4 3 11 4 4 4 21 5 5 4 41 4 4 3 3 5 5 5 51 76 27.3 00.5


631

94 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 9 3 2 2 7 4 4 3 11 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 84 76.2 00.3

05 3 4 3 01 5 4 5 41 2 3 4 9 5 4 3 21 4 4 1 1 3 4 4 11 06 33.3 76.3

15 4 4 3 11 3 3 4 9 4 4 4 21 4 4 3 11 4 4 2 2 3 4 3 01 75 71.3 33.3

25 2 4 2 8 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 6 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 9 54 05.2 00.3

35 2 2 2 6 3 3 4 9 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 6 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 6 63 00.2 00.2

45 4 4 3 11 2 2 3 7 2 2 3 7 5 5 1 11 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 44 44.2 00.2

55 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 9 3 2 3 8 4 4 2 01 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 84 76.2 00.3

65 5 4 4 31 4 3 5 21 3 3 4 01 4 4 3 11 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 11 16 93.3 76.3

75 4 4 3 11 3 3 4 01 4 3 3 01 5 2 4 11 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 11 75 71.3 76.3

85 5 5 4 41 3 3 3 9 3 3 4 01 5 5 4 41 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 41 56 16.3 76.4

95 5 5 5 51 3 4 4 11 3 3 4 01 4 5 4 31 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 9 16 93.3 00.3

06 4 3 2 9 3 1 2 6 2 2 2 6 2 4 1 7 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 4 43 98.1 33.1

16 4 5 4 31 4 4 3 11 5 4 5 41 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 9 26 44.3 00.3

26 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 21 46 65.3 00.4

36 5 5 5 51 4 5 5 41 5 4 5 41 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 51 87 33.4 00.5

46 5 5 5 51 5 4 4 31 4 3 4 11 5 5 5 51 3 3 4 4 2 3 3 8 56 16.3 76.2

56 4 3 3 01 1 1 1 3 4 5 5 41 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 3 24 33.2 00.1

66 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 84 76.2 00.3

76 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 51 08 44.4 00.5

86 5 5 5 51 4 4 5 31 4 4 5 31 4 5 3 21 4 4 5 5 3 3 5 11 86 87.3 76.3

96 4 5 4 31 3 4 4 11 3 4 5 21 4 4 3 11 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 9 16 93.3 00.3

07 4 5 5 41 5 5 4 41 3 4 4 11 4 4 2 01 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 21 56 16.3 00.4

17 5 3 3 11 4 3 4 11 3 3 5 11 4 3 3 01 5 5 4 4 3 3 4 9 75 71.3 00.3

27 5 4 3 21 4 3 3 01 5 4 4 21 5 4 4 31 4 4 5 5 3 4 4 11 26 44.3 76.3

37 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 3 3 4 01 4 4 3 11 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 11 06 33.3 76.3

47 4 3 4 11 2 2 3 7 2 4 2 8 4 4 2 01 3 3 4 4 2 3 3 8 74 16.2 76.2

57 5 5 3 31 4 2 3 9 3 5 3 11 3 5 5 31 5 5 5 5 3 3 4 01 16 93.3 33.3

67 5 4 4 31 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 21 5 4 4 31 4 4 3 3 5 5 4 41 56 16.3 76.4

77 4 4 3 11 4 4 4 21 3 4 4 11 4 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 01 75 71.3 33.3


731

87 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 21 4 3 4 11 5 3 3 11 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 21 16 93.3 00.4

97 4 5 5 41 5 4 4 31 4 4 5 31 4 5 4 31 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 21 96 38.3 00.4

08 3 4 3 01 2 4 3 9 5 4 4 31 3 4 2 9 2 2 4 4 2 2 3 7 05 87.2 33.2

18 4 2 3 9 3 5 3 11 2 4 3 9 5 5 2 21 4 4 5 5 4 4 2 01 55 60.3 33.3

28 3 3 3 9 3 5 1 9 3 5 5 31 5 1 1 7 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 5 54 05.2 76.1

38 4 4 5 31 4 2 4 01 5 4 5 41 3 4 4 11 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 41 76 27.3 76.4

48 5 5 4 41 5 5 5 51 3 5 5 31 4 4 3 11 5 5 3 3 4 4 4 21 07 98.3 00.4

58 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 21 2 3 3 8 4 3 3 01 4 4 2 2 3 3 3 9 25 98.2 00.3

68 5 5 4 41 1 1 4 6 2 3 4 9 4 4 1 9 5 5 3 3 3 4 5 21 55 60.3 00.4

78 5 5 3 31 2 4 5 11 4 4 4 21 5 5 2 21 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 21 56 16.3 00.4

88 2 3 4 9 2 4 4 01 4 4 4 21 5 5 3 31 5 5 3 3 5 5 4 41 36 05.3 76.4

98 5 5 5 51 1 1 5 7 5 5 5 51 5 3 3 11 5 5 3 3 5 5 5 51 86 87.3 00.5

09 3 4 3 01 2 2 2 6 3 3 3 9 4 3 2 9 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 7 44 44.2 33.2

19 5 5 4 41 4 4 4 21 4 3 4 11 5 4 2 11 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 31 66 76.3 33.4

29 4 4 4 21 2 3 4 9 3 4 5 21 4 2 3 9 5 5 4 4 2 3 4 9 65 11.3 00.3

39 5 5 4 41 1 3 4 8 3 4 4 11 3 3 3 9 5 5 3 3 3 4 4 11 85 22.3 76.3

49 3 4 3 01 3 2 3 8 4 4 4 21 3 4 2 9 4 4 4 4 2 3 3 8 15 38.2 76.2

59 5 4 4 31 2 1 2 5 4 4 3 11 4 4 2 01 5 5 3 3 3 4 4 11 55 60.3 76.3

69 5 5 3 31 2 4 2 8 3 4 4 11 4 4 3 11 5 5 3 3 3 3 4 01 85 22.3 33.3

79 4 4 4 21 3 2 3 8 2 4 4 01 5 5 3 31 2 2 5 5 1 2 3 6 15 38.2 00.2

89 4 4 3 11 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 11 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 9 45 00.3 00.3

99 5 5 5 51 2 4 3 9 4 4 5 31 5 5 3 31 4 4 5 5 4 5 5 41 86 87.3 76.4

001 5 5 3 31 2 2 3 7 5 4 5 41 4 4 3 11 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 11 06 33.3 76.3

LATOT 8875 23 65.1 33.633 * 63,3

: nagnareteK*

𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑇 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 − 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑜𝑙𝑁

=633 , 33

001 63,3 =


1 83

I NARIPMAL I LEBAT HALO

SSPS ATAD


931

SATIDILAV IJU

snoitalerroC

taafnaM satilauK artiC lauJ anruP nanayaL agraH helorepmeM nahadumeK

1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 latoT

taafnaM

naaynatreP1 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

1 625. ** 933. ** 490. 390. 433. ** 012. * 542. * 434. ** 791. * 632. * 812. * 680. 711. 893. ** 880. 592. ** - 900. 873. **

2( .giS -)deliat

000. 100. 353. 653. 100. 630. 410. 000. 050. 810. 920. 793. 742. 000. 283. 300. 239. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 naaynatreP

2 meti nosraeP

noitalerroC 625. ** 1 944. ** 251. 251. 892. ** 582. ** 563. ** 335. ** 652. * 292. ** 912. * 460. 291. 073. ** - 220. 522. * 000. 764. **

2( .giS -)deliat

000.

000. 131. 131. 300. 400. 000. 000. 010. 300. 820. 925. 550. 000. 628. 520. 799. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP3 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

933. ** 944. ** 1 512. * 782. ** 143. ** 672. ** 693. ** 864. ** 243. ** 242. * 962. ** 871. 820. 303. ** - 410. 823. ** 671. 084. **

2( .giS -)deliat

100. 000.

130. 400. 100. 500. 000. 000. 100. 510. 700. 770. 187. 200. 888. 100. 970. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

satilauK

naaynatreP1 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

490. 251. 512. * 1 575. ** 324. ** 212. * 770. 932. * 311. 420. 862. ** - 771. 880. 750. 510. 360. - 050. 992. **

2( .giS -)deliat

353. 131. 130. 000. 000. 430. 944. 710. 262. 418. 700. 870. 583. 175. 688. 235. 026. 300.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP2 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

390. 251. 782. ** 575. ** 1 473. ** 881. 842. * 403. ** 652. * 190. 452. * 360. 101. 181. 780. 151. - 040. 823. **

2( .giS -)deliat

653. 131. 400. 000.

000. 260. 310. 200. 010. 073. 110. 335. 613. 170. 293. 431. 986. 100.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 naaynatreP

3 meti nosraeP

noitalerroC 433. ** 892. ** 143. ** 324. ** 473. ** 1 402. * 860. 053. ** 032. * 141. 712. * - 150. - 780. 873. ** 201. 890. 241. 285. **

2( .giS -)deliat

100. 300. 100. 000. 000.

240. 205. 000. 120. 361. 030. 316. 883. 000. 213. 133. 951. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

artiC

naaynatreP1 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

012. * 582. ** 672. ** 212. * 881. 402. * 1 903. ** 674. ** 991. * 541. 163. ** 061. 980. 252. * 781. 891. * 051. 943. **

2( .giS -)deliat

630. 400. 500. 430. 260. 240.

200. 000. 740. 151. 000. 211. 873. 110. 360. 940. 631. 000.


041

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP2 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

542. * 563. ** 693. ** 770. 842. * 860. 903. ** 1 895. ** 880. 340. 681. 360. 590. 363. ** 411. 002. * - 320. 323. **

2( .giS -)deliat

410. 000. 000. 944. 310. 205. 200.

000. 683. 376. 460. 335. 943. 000. 062. 540. 818. 100.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP3 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

434. ** 335. ** 864. ** 932. * 403. ** 053. ** 674. ** 895. ** 1 472. ** 780. 781. 931. - 280. 073. ** 371. 651. 240. 4. 80 **

2( .giS -)deliat

000. 000. 000. 710. 200. 000. 000. 000.

600. 883. 360. 661. 714. 000. 580. 221. 776. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

nanayaLlauJ anruP

naaynatreP1 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

791. * 652. * 243. ** 311. 652. * 032. * 991. * 880. 472. ** 1 582. ** 791. * 033. ** 330. 321. 652. * 251. - 900. 444. **

2( .giS -)deliat

050. 010. 100. 262. 010. 120. 740. 683. 600.

400. 050. 100. 447. 422. 010. 031. 729. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP2 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

632. * 292. ** 242. * 420. 190. 141. 541. 340. 780. 582. ** 1 473. ** 700. - 501. 371. 142. * 104. ** 012. * 252. *

2( .giS -)deliat

810. 300. 510. 418. 073. 361. 151. 376. 883. 400.

000. 449. 892. 580. 610. 000. 630. 110.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP3 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

812. * 912. * 962. ** 862. ** 452. * 712. * 163. ** 681. 781. 791. * 473. ** 1 401. 980. 053. ** 390. 264. ** 481. 953. **

2( .giS -)deliat

920. 820. 700. 700. 110. 030. 000. 460. 360. 050. 000.

303. 083. 000. 553. 000. 660. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

agraH

naaynatreP1 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

680. 460. 871. - 771. 360. - 150. 061. 360. 931. 033. ** 700. 401. 1 472. ** 651. 902. * 260. 691. 371.

2( .giS -)deliat

793. 925. 770. 870. 335. 316. 211. 335. 661. 100. 449. 303.

600. 121. 730. 935. 050. 580.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP2 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

711. 291. 820. 880. 101. - 780. 980. 590. - 280. 330. - 501. 980. 472. ** 1 090. 780. 621. 430. 231.


141

2( .giS -)deliat

742. 550. 187. 583. 613. 883. 873. 943. 714. 447. 892. 083. 600.

173. 983. 112. 047. 291.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP3 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

893. ** 073. ** 303. ** 750. 181. 873. ** 252. * 363. ** 073. ** 321. 371. 053. ** 651. 090. 1 360. 462. ** 303. ** 655. **

2( .giS -)deliat

000. 000. 200. 175. 170. 000. 110. 000. 000. 422. 580. 000. 121. 173.

535. 800. 200. 000.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

nahadumeKhelorepmeM

naaynatreP1 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

880. - 220. - 410. 510. 780. 201. 781. 411. 371. 652. * 142. * 390. 902. * 780. 360. 1 642. * 344. ** 151.

2( .giS -)deliat

283. 628. 888. 688. 293. 213. 360. 062. 580. 010. 610. 553. 730. 983. 535.

410. 000. 331.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP2 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

592. ** 522. * 823. ** 360. 151. 890. 891. * 002. * 651. 251. 104. ** 264. ** 260. 621. 462. ** 642. * 1 903. ** 982. **

2( .giS -)deliat

300. 520. 100. 235. 431. 133. 940. 540. 221. 031. 000. 000. 935. 112. 800. 410.

200. 400.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naaynatreP3 meti

nosraePnoitalerroC

- 900. 000. 671. - 050. - 040. 241. 051. - 320. 240. - 900. 012. * 481. 691. 430. 303. ** 344. ** 903. ** 1 171.

2( .giS -)deliat

239. 799. 970. 026. 986. 951. 631. 818. 776. 729. 630. 660. 050. 047. 200. 000. 200.

090.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

latoT nosraePnoitalerroC

873. ** 764. ** 084. ** 992. ** 823. ** 285. ** 943. ** 323. ** 804. ** 444. ** 252. * 953. ** 371. 231. 655. ** 151. 982. ** 171. 1

2( .giS -)deliat

000. 000. 000. 300. 100. 000. 000. 100. 000. 000. 110. 000. 580. 291. 000. 331. 400. 090.

N 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001


241

noissergeR

scitsitatS evitpircseD

naeM

.dtSnoitaiveD N

yoLlatoT 0090.01 19645.2 001

naMlatoT 0098.11 61528.1 001

oT auKlat 0071.01 95544.2 001

tiClatoT 0030.11 43230.2 001

oT yaLlat 0067.01 47908.1 001

oT raHlat 0049.3 17838. 001

oT meKlat 0013.3 32059. 001

snoitalerroC yoLlatoT naMlatoT auKlatoT tiClatoT yaLlatoT raHlatoT meKlatoT nosraeP

noitalerroC yoLlatoT 000.1 855. 994. 244. 274. 655. 982.

naMlatoT 855. 000.1 353. 155. 924. 834. 853.

auKlatoT 994. 353. 000.1 233. 513. 642. 241.

tiClatoT 244. 155. 233. 000.1 882. 683. 022.

yaLlatoT 274. 924. 513. 882. 000.1 382. 164.

raHlatoT 655. 834. 642. 683. 382. 000.1 462.

meKlatoT 982. 853. 241. 022. 164. 462. 000.1

1( .giS -)deliat

yoLlatoT . 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 200.

naMlatoT 000. . 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

auKlatoT 000. 000. . 000. 100. 700. 970.

tiClatoT 000. 000. 000. . 200. 000. 410.

yaLlatoT 000. 000. 100. 200. . 200. 000.

raHlatoT 000. 000. 700. 000. 200. . 400.

meKlatoT 200. 000. 970. 410. 000. 400. .

N yoLlatoT 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

naMlatoT 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

auKlatoT 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

tiClatoT 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

yaLlatoT 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

raHlatoT 001 001 001 001 001 001 001

meKlatoT 001 001 001 001 001 001 001


341

devomeR/deretnE selbairaV

ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM 1 ,meKlatoT

,auKlatoT ,raHlatoT

,tiClatoT ,yaLlatoT

naMlatoT a

. retnE

yrammuS ledoM

ledoM R erauqS R detsujdA

erauqS R

rorrE .dtS eht foetamitsE

scitsitatS egnahC

erauqS RegnahC egnahC F 1fd 2fd

F .giSegnahC

1 837. a 445. 515. 97377.1 445. 815.81 6 39 000.

AVONA b

ledoM fo muS

serauqS fd naeMerauqS F .giS

1 noissergeR 085.943 6 362.85 815.81 000. a

laudiseR 016.292 39 641.3 latoT 091.246 99

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

dezidradnatsnUstneiciffeoC

dezidradnatSstneiciffeoC

t .giS

snoitalerroC ytiraenilloC

scitsitatS

B .dtSrorrE ateB

oreZ -redro laitraP traP ecnareloT FIV

1 )tnatsnoC( - 257.3 504.1

- 176.2 900.

naMlatoT 592. 131. 212. 652.2 620. 855. 822. 851. 755. 697.1

auKlatoT 672. 180. 562. 414.3 100. 994. 433. 932. 318. 032.1

tiClatoT 570. 901. 060. 296. 194. 244. 270. 840. 356. 135.1

yaLlatoT 372. 021. 491. 382.2 520. 274. 032. 061. 776. 874.1

raHlatoT 189. 442. 323. 220.4 000. 655. 583. 282. 957. 713.1

meKlatoT - 430. 712. - 310. - 651. 678. 982. - 610. - 110. 747. 933.1


441

scitsongaiD ytiraenilloC a

ledoM noisnemiD eulavnegiE noitidnoC

xednI

snoitroporP ecnairaV

)tnatsnoC( latoT

naM latoT

auK latoT

tiC latoT

yaL latoT

raH latoT

meK 1 1 638.6 000.1 00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00.

2 060. 996.01 00. 00. 41. 10. 00. 10. 96.

3 730. 226.31 10. 10. 76. 30. 00. 62. 80.

4 520. 264.61 70. 20. 71. 90. 70. 76. 50.

5 020. 235.81 80. 10. 10. 15. 33. 30. 11.

6 210. 176.32 46. 20. 00. 41. 95. 10. 50.

7 010. 798.52 02. 49. 00. 22. 10. 10. 20.


541

III NARIPMAL RENOISIUK

NAITILENEP


641

,atrakaygoY

: adapeK

.htY /ubI/kapaB irdS/ardS anuggneP enohpdnaH gnusmaS

tapmet iD

,tamroh nagneD

,ayas ini nagneD

amaN otnauG akitnaydniR :

MIN 580412270 :

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,nemejanaM nasuruJ ,imonokE satlukaF iwsisahaM

gnades atrakaygoY luduj nagned ispirks nusuynem GNAY ROTKAF SISILANA

ANUGGNEP PADAHRET NEMUSNOK SATILAYOL IHURAGNEPMEM ENOHPDNAH

GNUSMAS KEREM LEDOM NEERCSHCUOT . ks nusuynem malaD nohom ayas ,ini ispir

nautnab naaynatrep isignem nad bawajnem kutnu - ad nususret gnay naaynatrep ,ini renoiseuk mal

.nakhutub ayas gnay atad helorepmem kutnu

amasajrek nad naitahrep satA S/ardS/ubI/kapaB ,ird ayas gnem .hisak amiret nakpacu

,ayaS tamroH

otnauG akitnaydniR


741

NAITILENEP RENOISEUK

SATILAYOL IHURAGNEPMEM GNAY ROTKAF SISILANA“

ANUGGNEP PADAHRET NEMUSNOK ENOHPDNAH KEREM

GNUSMAS LEDOM NEERCSHCUOT ”

.I I NAIGAB

.1 nahilip adap )X( gnalis adnat nakireb nad salej nagned aidesret gnay irid atad halisI

.naaynatrep

idabirP ataD nednopseR

.1 amaN : )natarebek kadit akiJ(

.2 nimaleK sineJ naupmereP .a : ikaL .b - ikal

.3 rumU :

.a 51 – 25 nuhat

.b 62 – 3 nuhat 5

.c 63 – 54 nuhat

.d 64 – 55 nuhat

.4 : adnA rihkaret nakididneP

.a PMS 3D .e

tajaredeS / AMS .b 1S .f

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2D .d .h niaL - : )naktubes( nial ..…………………

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.6 amaL naanuggnep enohpdnah : gnusmaS


841

.7 )adnA naadaek nagned iauses b uata a( utas halas isiid nohoM

atar ajrekeb muleb gnay uata awsisaham/rajalep igaB .a - nalubes malad ukas gnau atar

)a 999.994 pR mumiskaM 000.007 pR )c – 999.999

)b 000.005 pR – 999.996 irad hibeL )d 000.000.1 pR

atar agraulekreb hadus gnay igaB .b - nalubes malad natapadnep atar

)a aM mumisk pR 2.1 000.00 000.108.1 pR )c – 4.2 000.00

)b 2.1 pR 000.10 – 8.1 000.00 )d irad hibeL 4.2 pR 000.10

.II II NAIGAB

.1 ianegnem naaynatrep nagned natiakreb ,adnA nabawaj adap )X( gnalis adnat nakireB

padahreT nemusnoK satilayoL ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaF enohpdnaH anuggneP

.gnusmaS kereM

: nagnareteK

SS S tagnaS : ujute ST S kadiT : ujute

S S : ujute STS S kadiT tagnaS : ujute

N N : larte


941

KUDORP TAAFNAM

.oN naataynreP SS S N ST STS

.1 enohpdnaH gnusmaS neercshcuot kutnu iadamem

seskagnem .tenretni

.2 : aynhotnoc( isakilpa nagned rubihret asarem adnA

oidar semag ,resworb , )

.3 gnusmaS enohpdnaH neercshcuot pakgnanem tapad

aggnihes aera aumes id ripmah kiab nagned laynis

nad isakinumokreb malad ayas nakhadumem

nasep mirignem .takgnis

KUDORP SATILAUK


1 nakanuggnem adnA enohpdnah gnusmaS

neercshcuot .amal nahat ayniaretab anerak

.2 nisem/takgnareP enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot

nakanugid akitek amal nahatreb tapad .potsnon

.3 rayaL enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot majat


051

KUDORP ARTIC


1 iakuynem adnA enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot

.lanekret gnay kerem anerak

.2 iakuynem adnA enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot

.adnA pudih ayag nagned iauses anerak

.3 nakanuggnem adnA enohpdnah gnusmaS

neercshcuot nad salekreb gnay aynledom anerak

.nagele

lauJ anruP nanayaL


.1 enohpdnaH gnusmaS neercshcuot nakirebmem

helo utnetret utkaw akgnaj malad isnarag nanimaj

gnusmaS naahasurep

.2 enohpdnaH nanayal nakaideynem gnusmaS

id nakiabrep retnec ecivres .atok paites id ripmah

.3 gnadac ukuS enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot

.harum


151

KUDORP AGRAH


.1 adnA asarem enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot

gnidnabid harum hibel enohpdnah gnay gniasep

eps aynisakifis hibel gnaruk .amas

.2 adnA nakanuggnem enohpdnah gnusmaS

neercshcuot nalisahgnep nagned iauses anerak

.adnA

.3 adnA enohpdnah irad taafnam helorepmem halet

gnusmaS neercshcuot gnau nagned ileb adnA gnay

adnA gnay .nakraulek

KUDORP HELOREPMEM NAHADUMEK


1 adnA nakumenem tapad enohpdnah gnusmaS

enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot retnok paites id

enohpdnah .

.2 adnA tapad ilebmem hadum nagned enohpdnah

gnusmaS enohpdnah gnusmaS neercshcuot iulalem

aidem pohs enilno .

.3 adnA hadum nagned nakumenem tapad enohpdnah

2 dn gnusmaS neercshcuot retnok id - retnok

.enohpdnah


251

NEMUSNOK SATILAYOL


1 adnA suret naka ilebmem enohpdnah kerem

gnusmaS ayntukireb nailebmep kutnu

.2 enohpdnaH kudorp idajnem halet gnusmaS kerem

enohpdnah tirovaf adnA .

.3 adnA nial gnaro adapek nakisadnemokerem naka

kudorp enohpdnah kudorp iagabes gnusmaS

.naluggnu


351

VI NARIPMAL SILUNEP VC


154

eatiV mullucirruC

.1 amaN otnauG akitnaydniR :

.2 rihal laggnat nad tapmeT rebmetpeS 7 ,napapkilaB :

.3 nimaleK sineJ naupmereP :

.4 amagA kilotaK :

.5 aut gnaro naajrekeP aggnat hamur ubI ,animatreP ajrekeP :

.6 lasA tamalA : nayanes nalaJ 1 tarts awsariW .gG ats napapkilaB

.7 atrakaygoY id rihkaret tamalA urab nagnamed 7 irausaK nalaJ :

.8 nakididnep tayawiR .a DS ,napapkilaB ,osraduS soY kilotaK DS :

5991 - 1002 .b PMS ,osraduS soY kilotaK PMS :

1002 ,napapkilaB - 4002 .c AMS artaP AMS : ,napapkilaB ,amrahD

4002 - 7002 .9 nial kutneb uata ,takifitres ,magaiP

hanrep gnay iagabes amiretid gnadib malad naagrahgnep nad ,haimli ayrak ,ines ,agarhalo

ayniagabes nial

.1 ekO ledom pot III naparah arauJ napapkilaB 5002 pohs

.2 ayabeK III arauJ 6002 evEnapapkilaB

.01 nataigek nad nahitalep ,susruK itukiid hanrep gnay sinejes

.1 ot tuctrohs fo thgie fo level laicoS margorp hsilgnE YJAU tpeS morf –

8002 voN .2 2 ehT dn trohs fothgie fo level laicos

margorp hsilgnE ot tuc YJAU voN ,– 8002 naJ - 9002

.3 esruoc hsilgnE evitcepsreP IIU ,enuJ - 0102 tpeS

.11 lojnonem paggnaid gnay isatserP iraneM

.21 iboH ,kisum nakragnednem ,gnanereBgnillevart


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