peta minda upsr thn 4 yr 5 yr 6

8/11/2019 PETA MINDA Upsr Thn 4 Yr 5 Yr 6

1/93

TAHUN 4, TAHUN 5, TAHUN 6

S INS

PETA MINDA


2/93

MENYIASAT

ALAM

KEHIDUPAN

MENYIASAT

BUMI DAN

ALAM

SEMESTA

MENYIASAT

DUNIA

TEKNOLOGI

MENYIASAT

ALAM

BAHAN

MENYIASAT

ALAM

FIZIKAL


3/93

MENYIASAT

BENDA HIDUP1. Benda Hidup Mempunyai Keperluan Asas

2. Benda Hidup Menjalani Proses Hidup

3. Haiwan Dan Tumbuhan Melindungi Diri


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Keperluan Asas Manusia

Makanan

Tempat

perlindungan

Udara

Air

Bernafas

Melindungi dari

bahaya

sinaran matahari

hujan

Membekal tenaga

Tumbesaran

Kekal sihat

Minum

Tumbesaran

Kekal sihat

1.1 Memahami manusia mempunyai keperluan asas


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Keperluan Asas Haiwan

Makanan

Habitat

Udara

Air

Bernafas

Melindungi diri

bahaya

sinaran matahari

hujan

Membekal tenaga

Tumbesaran

Kekal sihat

Minum

Tumbesaran

Kekal sihat

1.2 Memahami haiwan memerlukan keperluan asas

jenis :lubang

gua

sarang


6/93

Keperluan Asas Tumbuhan

Udara

Cahaya

matahariAir

Ada Keperluan Asas :

Tumbesaran sihat

Tumbesaran baik

Tidak layu

Tiada Keperluan Asas

Layu

Kekuningan

Mati

1.3 Memahami tumbuhan memerlukan keperluan asas


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2.1 Menganalisa proses-proses hidup manusia

Menganalisa Proses-ProsesHidup ManusiaGerakbalas

Pernafasan

Pembiakan

Organ

Tarik nafasudara disedut

Hembus nafasudara dihembus

Hidung/Mulut Saluran udara Paru-paru

Proses melahirkan anak

Kadar pernafasan

Jumlah pergerakan dada

pada sesuatu masa

Organ

Mata - lihat

Hidung - hidu

Lidah - rasa

Telinga - dengar

Kulit - sentuh

Perkumuhan Nyahtinja

Paru-paru( Karbon Dioksidsa

+ Wap Air)

Buah Pinggang( air kencing + garam mineral )

Skin ( peluh + garam mineral)

Najis

Tujuan :

elak bahayaelak kecederaan

elak kemalangan

untuk hidup


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2.3 Menganalisis proses hidup haiwan

Proses hidup haiwan

BernafasBerkumuh Membiak

Bertelur BeranakOrgan

Paru-paru

keraburung

ikan paus

Insang

ikanudang

book lung

ketam

Kulit lembap

katakcacing tanah

Struktur trakea

belalang

Nyahtinja

Mengeluarkan bahan buangandari badan

kucing

harimau

kelawar

Ikan paus

ular

burung


10/93

Proses-proseshidup tumbuhan

Tumbuhan bergerakbalas

terhadap rangsangan

air, cahaya m atahari, sentuhan,

Gravit i .

Kenapa tumbuhan membiak?

Untuk memastikan kemandirian spesies

Pelbagai cara tumbuhan membiakMelalui bi j i, spora,, sulur, keratan batang, daun

Batang bawah tanah

Ramalkan apa yang akan berlaku

kalau tumbuhan tidak membiak

Tiada bekalan makanan

Pembiakan tumbuhanbijibalsam, jagung, durian

sporapaku-pakis, cendawan

sulur pisang, nanas

Keratan batangubi kayu, bunga raya

daunbegonia, setawar

Batang bawah tanah halia,, keledek

Bahagian tumbuhan bergerakbalas

terhadap cahaya mataharii

pucuk

Bahagian tumbuhan bergerakbalas

terhadap graviti

akar

Bahagian tumbuhan

bergerakbalas terhadap air

akar

2.4 Memahami proses-proses hidup tumbuhan

Bahagian tumbuhan

bergerakbalas

terhadap sentuhan


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Ciri-ciri khashaiwan melindungi

dirinya daripada bahaya/musuh

Tabiathaiwan melindungi dirinya

daripada bahaya /musuh

Kulit yang keras dan tebalMelindungi dirinya daripada tercedera

Badak dan gajah

Cengkerang kerasSiput dan kura-kura memasukkan dirinya

Kedalam cengkerang apabila ada bahaya

Sisik kerasTenggiling dan buaya mempunyai sisik

Keras untuk melindunginya daripada bahaya

Bulu deduriMengembangkan bulu dedurinya apabila

diserang musuh

landak

TandukMenggunakan tanduk untuk menyerang musuh

Kambing dan rusa

Kuku yang tajamMelindungi dirinya daripada musuh

bears, eagle, cat, singa

MenggulungTenggiling menggulung dirinya apabila ada

bahaya/musuhcth: tenggiling, ulat gonggok

Semburan cecair hitamMenghadkan penglihatan musuh

Cth: soton g

CamouflageBertukar warna kulit mengikut persekitaran

Sesumpah dan kuda belang

Tabiat pura-pura matiUntuk menipu musuh

Cth: kumbang tanduk

3.1 memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan tabiat bagi melindungi diri daripada bahaya/musuh.


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Haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan

tabiat melindungi dirinya daripada

cuaca melampau dan membenarkan

mereka bermandiri

Cuaca panas

Cuaca sejuk

Kulit Berkedutgajah, badak dan kerbau

Kehilangan haba melalui kulit berkedut

Berkubanggajah, badak dan kerbau

menyejukkan badan dengan berkubang

dalam lumpur

BonggolUnta menyimpan makanan dan air dalam

bentuk lemak di dalam bonggolnya

Bulu tebalBeruang kutub mempunyai bulu tebal untuk

mengelakkan kehilangan haba kepada

persekitaran sejuk

Lapisan lemak

Penguin, anjing laut dan ikan paus mempunyailapisan lemak di bawah kulit untuk mengekal haba

badan

Telinga kecilAnjing laut dan singa laut mempunyai telinga kecil

untuk menhalang kehilangan haba badan

HibernateBeruang kutub tidur semusim bagi mengekang

hilangnya haba badan musim sejuk

3.2. Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan tabiat melindungi dirinya daripada cuaca yang melampau

3.3. Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan tabiat yang membenarkan mereka bermandiri


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Ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi

diri daripada musuh

Ciri-ciri yang

melindungi

tumbuhanDuri

Beracun

Bulu halus

Menghasilkan

getah

Menutup anak

daun bila disentuh

3.4. Memahami tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri daripada musuh


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Kawasan

berangin kuatKawasan kering

cth : kaktus

a. Akar tunjang untuk menyerap air

b. Batang sukulen yang boleh

menyimpan air

c. Duri mengurangkan kehilangan

air pada tumbuhan

cth: pokok kelapa, buluh,

pokok bakau

a. Batang yang mudah melenturb. Mempunyai akar baniir

c. Dedaun tirus/berpisah

d. Dedaun jarum

3.5. Memahami tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri daripada kawasan kering dan angin kuat

Ciri-ciri khas


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MENYIASATDAYA DAN TENAGA

1. Ukuran


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1.3 Isipadu pepejal

1.1 Panjang

1.2 Luas

1.5 Jisim

1.6 Masa1.7 Unit Piawai

1. Ukuran

1.4 Isipadu cecairUKURAN


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Panjang

Terminologi

Jarak di antara dua titik/tempat/ kedudukan Pelbagai cara

ukuran

Pita ukur

jengkal

depatali

pembaris

Alat piawai

Pita ukur pembaris

Unit

mm cm m km

Teknik yang betul

Fokus penglihatan

hendaklah selari

dengan hujung objek

1.1. Memahami ukuran panjang


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Luas

Luas adalah jumlah

ruang yang diliputi oleh

sesuatu objek

Terminologi

Menggunakan kad segiempat

sama 1 centimetre

Unit Piawai

- Millimetre persegi (mm2)

- Centimetre persegi (cm2)

- Metre persegi (m2)

- Kilometre persegi (km2)

- Menggunakan formula

Luas =panjang X lebar

1cm

1cm

Pelbagai cara mengukur luas

2cm

4cm

= 4cm X 2 cm

= 8cm2

3cm

3cm

Meletakkan objek

seragam seperti jubin,

buku dan setemdi atas

permukaan sesuatuobjek

1.2. Memahami cara mengukur luas

1 3 M h i k t i i d j l


19/93

Is ipadu

Terminologi

Jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi/diliputi oleh pepejal/cecair.

1.3 Pepejal

1.4 CecairFormula

panjang x lebar x tinggi

Unit Piawai

mm3 , cm3, m3

Alat

Unit Piawai

Silinder penyukat

ml, lTeknik yang betul

a) Ambil bacaan ukuran pada aras

bawah meniskus

b) Aras mata hendaklah pada aras

bawah meniskus.

1.3. Memahami cara menyukat isipadu pepejal

1.4. Memahami cara menyukat isipadu cecair


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Jisim

Terminologi

Amaun jirim

terkandung dalamsesuatu objek

AlatNeraca

Elektronik

Neraca

Spring

Neraca

Palang Dacing

Neraca

mikro

Neraca

Tuas

Unit Piawai

mg g kg

Teknik mengukur

1.5. Memahami cara mengukur jisim


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Masa

Terminologi

Julat waktu di antara

dua peristiwa

Cara mengukur

sundial , sand clock ,

candle clock

Proses ulangan seragam

sesuatu peristiwa boleh

mengukur masa

-Ayunan bandul

-Kadar nadi

- lilin yang menyala

-Titisan air

-Pertukaran siang dan malam

Alat

Unit Piawai

saat , minit , jam

Jam Dinding , Jam Tangan

Jam Randik, Jam digital

Old clock

Pelbagai cara yang boleh mengukur masa

1.6. Memahami cara mengukur masa


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Memudahkankomunikasi dan

pemahaman

untuk ketepatandan ketekalan

Kepentingan Unit Piawai

1.7. Kesedaran kepentingan menggunakan unit piawai


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MENYIASAT BAHAN

1. Memahami sifat bahan

1 1 Memahami sifat bahan


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Sifat Bahan

Penebat

Terapung di

atas air

Pengalirelektrik

logam

Mengalir habaTenggelam di

dalam air

Membenarkancahaya melaluinya

Boleh diregang

kayu

batu Gelang getah

kacakarbon plastik

logamkayu

1.1. Memahami sifat bahan


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CARA-CARA MENYIMPAN OBJEK

PANAS

Dilitupi dengan bahan penebateg. sabut, habuk kayu, polistirena

SEJUK

objek panas objek sejuk

Menghalang

pembebasan haba

Menghalang

penyerapan haba

1.2. Mengaplikasikan pengetahuan tentang sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian.


26/93

Bahan

Senarai objek dan bahan

berdasarkan bahan apa

Ia diperbuat.

objek bahan sifat

pisau logam keras

Kertas

tisu

kayu lembut

Cermin

kereta

kaca Lut sinar

Kenapa bahan tertentudigunakanuntuk membuat sesuatu objek

Murah

Mudah

diperolehi

Kuat/kukuh

Berkualiti

tinggi

1.3. Mensintesis pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan bahan berdasarkan sifat bahan


27/93

Bahan semulajadiBahan buatan

manusia

kayu logam getahkapas plastik kain tiruannilon

Mengurangkan

penggunaan

Mengguna

semula

Mengitar

semula

kertas beg plastik botol plastik kaca

Jenis Bahan

Mengguna semula, Mengurangkan penggunaan

dan Mengitar semula bahan

1.4. Mengetahui kepentingan mengguna semula bahan, mengurangkan penggunaan

bahan dan mengitar semula bahan


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BAHAN

Objek berkarat Objek tidak berkarat

Objek diperbuat daripada

logam dan keluli

Objek diperbuat daripada

kayu, kapas, getah, kulit

kaca dan sutera

*paku

*sudu

*pisau

*jarum

kapak

*gelas

*botol

*cawan

*pensil

pembaris

1.5. Memahami bahawa sesetengah bahan boleh berkarat

1 6 Memahami bahawa pengaratan boleh dicegah


29/93

Pengaratan

Pelbagai cara mencegahpengaratan

* Menyalut denganbahan tidak berkarat

* cat

* minyak

* gris

Pentingnya mencegah

pengaratan

*jangka hayat yang panjang*memulihara bahan semulajadi

*menjimatkan kos

*cantik dipandang/ menawan

*Kesimpulan; Pengaratan dapat dicegah dengan mengelakkan logam

terdedah kepada air dan udara

1.6. Memahami bahawa pengaratan boleh dicegah.


30/93

MENYIASAT BUMI

DAN ALAM SEMESTA

1. SISTEM SURIA

1 1 Memahami Sistem Suria


31/93

Sistem Suria

Senarai ahliSenarai urutan

planet

Planet bergerak

mengelilingi Matahari

-8 planet

-Satelit semulajadi

-Meteor-Komet

-Asteroid

akronim:Utarid ustazah

Zuhrah zuraidah

Bumi bungkus

Marikh makanan

Musytari masaZuhal zuhur

Uranus untuk

Neptun nenek

1.1. Memahami Sistem Suria

1.2. Memahami saiz dan jarak relatif antara Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari


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Saiz dan Jarak

relatif

Saiz relatif Matahari

dengan saiz Bumi Saiz relatif Bumi

dengan saiz Bulan

Jarak relatif Bumi ke Matahari

berbanding jarak relatif dari Bumi

ke Bulan

Matahari

1

Bumi

100Bumi

1

Bulan

4

Matahari

Bumi Bulan

150 000 000 km 382 500 km

1 : 400

j ,

1.3. Menghargai kesempurnaan kedudukan planet Bumi dalam Sistem Suria


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Bumi

dalam

Sistem Suria

Menyatakan sebab

sesetengah planet tidak

kondusif untuk benda hidup

KESANBumi adalah satu-satunyaplanet dalam Sistem Suria

yang boleh menampung

hidupan

Lebih dekat jarak planet daripada

Matahari semakin panas permukaannya .

.Lebih jauh jarak planet daripada Matahari

semakin sejuk permukaannya

Ketiadaan air dan udara.

Bumi adalah planet berkedudukan ke-3 dari Matahari

Menerima cahaya dan haba yang cukup dari Matahari

Bumi mempunyai keupayaan menampung kehidupan

Atmosfera Bumi mengandungi udaraTerdapat air di Bumi

Lebih dekat :

Suhu di atas muka Bumi semakin tinggi.

Berlaku sejatan air di permukaan Bumi

Ketiadaan air menyebabkan suhu tinggi

Lebih jauh :Suhu di atas muka Bumi semakin rendah.

Air membeku membentuk ais

Payah menampung kehidupan

1.3. Menghargai kesempurnaan kedudukan planet Bumi dalam Sistem Suria


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MENYIASAT

TEKNOLOGI

1. TEKNOLOGI


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1.1.Memahami kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan harian.

Had keupayaan manusia

dalam membuat sesuatu

Contoh had keupayaan

tidak berupaya melihat objek seni

tidak berupaya bercakap kuattidak berupaya berjalan jauh

tidak berupaya melihat objek jarak jauh

Alat untuk mengatasi hadkeupayaan manusia

Mikroskop

- Penggunaan kanta unutk melihat objek seni dan mikrob

Mikrofon

- Meningkatkan kelangsingan suaraTelefon

- Untuk berkomunikasi jarak jauh

Kenderaan

- Memudahkan perjalanan jarak jauh dalam masa singkat

Teleskop, Binokular

- Untuk melihat objek jauh

1.2. Memahami perkembangan teknologi


36/93

Pengangkutan

Darat: haiwan basikal kereta keretapi

Udara : belon udara panas kapal udara peluncur

kapal terbang roket

Air : kanu rakit sampan feri kapal

Komunikasi

asap burung merpati telegraf telefon

Pembinaan

gua pondok rumah kayu apartmen

Perkembangan

teknologi

(contoh)

p g g

Pertanian

tajak bajak jentera jentuai


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40/93

MENYIASAT

ALAM KEHIDUPAN1. MIKROORGANISMA

2. KEMANDIRIAN SPESIES


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1.1 Memahami bahawa mikroorganisma adalah benda hidup

Mikroorganisma

Bakteria Kulat Protozoa Virus

Tidak dapatdilihat dengan mata

kasar

BertumbuhBergerakBernafas

Ciri-ciri


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1.2. Memahami tentang mikroorganisma yang berguna dan berbahaya

Mikroorganisma

berguna dan berbahaya

Berguna Berbahaya

Boleh

menyebabkan

DemamKeracunan

makanan

Makanan

basi

Pereputan

gigi

Membuat roti/Tapai

tempe/baja

Pencegahan

Penyakit

sakit perut

bisul

pereputan gigi

beguk

Membasuh

tangan

Meminum air yang

dimasak

Menutup mulut danhidung apabila

batuk atau bersin

2 1 Memahami haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara-cara tersendiri untuk menjamin kemandirian spesies


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Kemandirian spesies

haiwan

Haiwan melindungi telur atau anak daripada dimakan oleh pemangsa

Bagaimana haiwan menjamin

kemandirian spesiesnya

Sesetengah haiwan melindungi

telurnya atau menjaga

anaknya; ada juga haiwan yang

tidak berbuat demikian

Burung bersarang di tempat yang tinggi

Katak telur banyak dan dilitupi lapisan lendir

Lelabahmenyimpan anak dalam kerandut di

bawah badannya

Ikan menyimpan anak di dalam mulutnya

Harimau - menyerang pemangsa untuk melindungi

anaknya

Penyu bertelur banyak dan menimbus telurnya

dalam pasir

Kangaru membawa anaknya dalam kantung

badannya

Gajah - sentiasa berada dalam kawanan

2.1. Memahami haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara cara tersendiri untuk menjamin kemandirian spesies

2.2. Memahami pelbagai tumbuhan mempunyai cara-cara tersendiri untuk menjamin kemandirian spesies


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Kemandirian

spesies

tumbuhan

Air

Mekanisme

letupan

Angin

Haiwan

ringan

lompang udara dalam

buah

kalis air

ringan

bersaiz kecil

bersayap

kering bila masak

meletup bila matang

berwarna cerah

boleh dimakan

berbau

mempunyai onak

kelapa

teratai

engkabang

Angsana

Lalang

buah getah

buah balsam

Chestnut

Rambutan

Mangga

Love grass

Mimosa

Agen pencaran Ciri-ciri istimewa Contoh

2 3 Realising the importance of survival of their species


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Consequences

of

animals and plants

become extinct

Importance

sho rtage of food

resource

animals and plants species

may face ext inct ion

2.3. Realising the importance of survival of their species

3.1. Understanding food chain


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Food Chain

Animals and the

food they eat

Classify animals into

herbivore, carnivore

and omnivore

Producer ConsumerConstruct food chain

Green plant obtainenergy from

the sun to make

food.

Green

Plant as a producer

Herbivore :Animals that eat plants only.

e.g.: cow, goat, deer

Carnivore:Animals that eat other animals.

e.g.: tiger, lion

Omnivore:Animals that eat plants and

other animals

Animals that eat plant

or other animals

are called consumers.

The food relationship

among living things

can be shown by

a food chain.

To construct food

chain It must start

with plant asa producer.

In a food chain

the arrow

means eaten by

All living things need

food to survive.

Green plant can make their

own food.

However animals cannot

make their own food

3.2. Synthesizing food chain to construct food web


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Synthesizing food chain to construct food web

Food web What will happenIf there is a change in

population of a certainspecies in a food web ?

Food web of different habitats

What will happen

to a certain species

of animals if they

eat only one typeof food ?

Paddy field

garden

A change in the population

of a certain species

will effect the populationof other species

They will face difficulty

to surviveif thesource of food

runs out


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INVESTIGATINGFORCE AND ENERGY

1.1. Understanding the uses of energy


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The Uses of Energy

Why energy

is needed?

- for living things to carry

out life processes.

Eg.: moving, breathing,growing

The Sources of Energy

Sun

- main source of energy

- produces light and heat

Food

- food contains

stored energy

Wind

-Moving air

-Used to pump

water, drive

small sawmills

- to move, boil, melt,

or bounce non-living things

FuelBatteries

- wood, coal,

petroleum,

natural gas

- device that

generated

electrical energy

from chemical energy

Water

- moving or

falling water

produceenergy


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1.3. Understanding renewable and non-renewable energy


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Renewable and

non-renewableenergy

Renewable energy

Energy that

cannot be

replenished

Resources

solar, wind,

biomass fuel,

water

Non-renewable energy

Energy that can be

replenished when

it is used up

Resources

natural gas,

petroleum,

coal

Why use energy wiselyHow to use energy wisely

Some energyresources cannot

be replenished

when used upTo save

cost

Avoid

wastage

Reduce

pollution

Turn off the

television when

no one is

watching it

Switch off the

lights before

leaving

the room

2.1. Knowing the sources of electricity


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Electricity Sources

Dry cell

Accumulator

Dynamo

Solar cell

Types of circuits

Name Symbol

Dry cell

Connecting

wire

Switch

Bulb

Symbols and

componentsParallel circuit Series circuit

Differences

The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter

than the bulb in the series circuit

2.2. Understanding a series circuit and a parallel circuit

2.3. Understanding the safety precautions to be taken when handling electrical appliances


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PRECAUTIONS

Danger of mishandling

electrical appliances

Fire Burn Electric shock Electrocution

Safety precautions to be taken

when using appliances

Do not touch electrical

appliances with wet hand

Do not repair electrical

appliances on your own

g y p g pp

3.1. Understanding that light travels in a straight line


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Light

Can be reflected

Reflection of light

Side mirror of a car

Periscope Kaleidoscope

Travels in a

straight line

How shadow

is formed

When light iscompletely or

partially blocked by

an opaque object

The light that falls

on objects bounces

off the objects andcomes to your eyes

mirror

3.2. Understanding that light can be reflected

Uses of reflection

How ?

4.1. Understanding that temperature is an indicator of degree of hotness


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Heat

Gain heat Loss heat

CoolerWarmer

Measure temperature using

the correct technique

The effects of heat on matter

Matter expands

when heated

Matter contracts

when cooled

4.2. Understanding the effects of heat on matter


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INVESTIG TING

M TERI LS

1.1. Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas


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, q g

has mass

SOLID LIQUID G S

fixed

volume

fixed shape

has mass

no permanent shape

fixed volume

no fixed

shape

has mass

no fixed

volume

can be

compressed

1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas


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, q g

solid liquid gas

watermilk

airsteam

wood

stone

1.2 . Understanding that matter can change from one state to another


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Changing

statesof

watergas - liquid

liquid - solid

liquid - gas

solid - liquid melting

Boiling

Affected by windy and hotweather

evaporation

condensation

Freezing

1.3 . Understanding the water cycle


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WATER CYCLE

Circulation of water in

the environment

Formation of clouds

and rainImportance of water

Changes in the states of

matter in the water cycle

Liquid to gas (evaporation)Droplets of water will

become bigger and

heavier rain

evaporation

condensation

sea

Gas liquid (Condensation)

1.4. Appreciating the importance of water resources


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Appreciating the importance

of water resources

To prevent living aquatic from being

destroyed and undergoing extinction

Reasons to keep our

water resources clean.To ensure the cleanliness

of water supplyTo regulate

the formation of

clouds and rain

To avoid infected

diseases

Ways to keep our water

resources clean

Keep the rivers clean Cleanliness campaign

2.1. Understanding the properties of acid, alkaline and neutral substances


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PROPERTIES

tasteusing litmus paper to identify

Properties of acidic, alkaline

and neutral substancesChanges in colour

of litmus papers

blue to red red to blue

no change

bitter sour

ALKALIACID

NEUTRALSUBSTANCES

Taste bitterChange red litmus

paper blue

Taste sour

change blue litmuspaper red

Other tastessalty / sweet

no changes in litmus paper

acid alkaline

neutral

acidalkaline


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INVESTIG TING

THE E RTH ND THE UNIVERSE

1.1. Understanding the constellation


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Show

directions

Indicates

Seasons

A group of stars that form a

certain pattern in the sky

Importance of

constellation

Identify constellation

What

constellation

Is ? constellation

Big Dipper

ScorpionOrion

Southern Cross

North

North

South Kite or CrossScorpion

Hunter

Laddle

south

planting harvestingdesert sea

2.1. understanding the movements of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun


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Earthrotates on it axis

Earthrotates

and at the same time

moves around the Sun

Moonrotates on it axis

Moonrotates and at the same

time moves around the Earth

The Moonand

the Earthmove

round the Sun at

the same time

The earthrotates on its axis

from west to east

The changes

in length and position

of the shadow

throughout the day


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2.3. Understanding the phases of the Moon


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Phases of the Moon

The Moon does not emit light

The Moon appears bright

when it reflects sunlight

Describe the phasesof the Moon

1-New moon, 3- New half moon, 5- Full moon

7- Old half moon


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1.1. The shapes of objects in a structure


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The shapes of objects

in a structure

The shape of objects Identify shapes in a structure

CuboidCube

Cylinder

Sphere ConePyramid

Sphere

Cylinder


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INVESTIGATING

LIVINGTHINGS

INVESTIGATING

EARTH

AND

UNIVERSE

INVESTIGATING

TECHNOLOGY

INVESTIGATING

MATERIALS

INVESTIGATING

FORCE

AND

ENERGY


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INVESTIGATING

LIVING THINGS

1.1. Understanding that some animals live in groups and others live in solitary


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Animals

Some

live in solitary(Animals that live by themselves)

Some

live in groups

(Animals that live together)

zebra giraffesbees ants tigerlizardcatsnake

For safetyFor Food

To avoid competition for food

To avoid competition for space

Cooperation is a

form of interaction

Sunlight Limited sunlight can reach them


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Competition is a form of

Interaction among living things

Animals

Plants

Factors for competition

Food

Water

Mate

Shelter

Space

Limited food resources

Limited water resources

Trying to get mate to breed

Defending or looking for shelter

Defending or looking for space

Factors for competition

Nutrient

g

Water

Space

g

Limited water resources

Limited space

Limited nutrient

Reason

Reason

1.3. Understanding the responsibility of human beings in protecting endangered species


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endangered species

Extinct animal Endangered animal Endangered plant

Dodo birdDinosaurAuk birdDesert ratkangaroo

MammothQuaggaTasmanian wolf

TigerTurtleOrang UtanPanda

RhinocerosHornbillBlue Whale

RaflessiaPitcher plantVenus fly trapWild orchid


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Responsibility of human beingsin protecting endangered species

Factors

of Extinction

ways to prevent

extinctionIllegal HuntingElephantTuskTigerSkin & BoneBlue WhaleFatGiant PandaFurRhinoceros - Horn

Illegal LoggingCutting of treesForest clearingThe destruction of habitat

Excessive developmentWater & air PollutionMany habitats have beendestroyed

Extreme WeatherLong dry seasonFloodForest fire

Campaign against excessivelogging

Educate the public about theimportance of protecting &conserving animals & plant

Avoid consuming or buyingproducts made fromendangered species

Enforcing the lawReplanting

Selective loggingSetting up forest reservedSetting rehabilitation centreEncourage recycle , reuse &

reduce Campaign

E i

1.4. Knowing the impact of human activities on environment


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Impact of human

activities on

environment

Environmental destructioncaused by human activities

Uncontrolled humanactivities to the Earth

Environmental Destruction

ErosionLandslideFlash-FloodsWater & Air pollution

Illegal & ExcessiveLogging

Clearing ForestImproper managementof development

ErosionLandslidesFlash-FloodsLoss of

habitats

Illegal & Excessive hunting

Improper management ofwaste from factory

Improper management ofwaste from household

Extinction ofendangered

species

Air &water pollution

Water pollution

& flash flood

Excessive use of

fertilisers,pesticides& herbicides

Heavy usage ofmotor vehicles

The Lost of habitatThe lose of raw material &food suppliesClimate changesThe rise in temperature on earthExtinction of endangered speciesThe balance in nature is disturbedThe loss of the Earths natural water basin

Air &water Pollution

Air pollution


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INVESTIG TING

FORCE

ND ENERGY

1.1. Understanding that push and pull are forces

1.2. Understanding the effects of a force


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FORCE

Pullan action of bringing an object

towards us

Pushan action of moving an object

away

D

E

F

I

N

IT

I

O

N

Effects

Move a stationary object

Stop a moving object

Change direction of moving object

Make object move faster or slower

Change the motion of an object

Change the shape of an object

Friction

Definition

-Force that apposes

the movement of an

object.

-Two surfaces in

contact

Effects

-Surfaces warm.

-Difficult to move

-Wear and tear.

-Slow down and

stop

Reduce

-Lubricant :oil, wax,

grease or water

-Air cushion

-Talcum powder

-Roller marbles

-Ball bearing

Advantages

1. Hold thing

2. Walk without slipping

3. Sharpen a knife

4. Slow down moving

Disadvantages

1. Wear and tear

2. Produce heat

Advantages/Disadvantages

1.3. Analysing friction

2.1. Understanding speed


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Speed

A measurement on how fast an object moves

an object which

moves faster travels a

longer distance in a

given time

Definition

an object which move

faster takes a shorter

time travel a given

distance

Conclusion

Calculation

Formula

Speed = distance / time

Unitkm/h,

m/s ,

cm/s


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INVESTIG TING

M TERI LS

Food that has turned bad and

1.1. Understanding food spoilage


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Unpleasent smelleg. Fish with bad smell

Unpleasent taste

eg. milk turns sour

Changed colour

eg.vegetables, rice

Changed textureeg. Yogurt turns curd

Mouldyeg. Yogurt have many

black spots

Characteristics of

Spoilt Food

Food that has turned bad and

is not suitable to be eaten

Bacteria Fungus

Air

Water

Nutrient

Suitable

Temperature( 5C - 65 C )

Suitable acidity

Food spoilage

Condition for

microbes to grow

What is

spoilt food

Microbes that

spoilt food


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1.3. Realising the importance of preserving food


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The importance of

preserving food

Food can be kept

for a longer time

Easier tostore

Easier to

carry

To prevent the

wastage of food

2.1. Understanding the effects of improper of on the environment


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Waste disposalGas

Liquid

Solid

From agricultural activities

From vehicles and open burning

Toxic materials

Rubbish

Sources of

wastes

Types of waste

Open burningLittering

Chanelling- waste

factories into river

Releasing smoke

and dangerous gasses

Treat waste water

Keep environment

and home clean

Reuse and recycle

rubbish and waste

Reduce car

Build factories far

from home

The improper

ways disposal

Smoke dissolved

form weak acid

Kills plants & fish

Destroys building &

bridges

Rubbish thrown in

rivers or drain

Cause flash-floods

& water over flow

Kill plants & animals

in the river

Open burningCause asthma &

eye irritation

Air pollution

Disease

Cause by eating

polluted fish and plants

The harmful

effect

The proper

disposal ways

2.2. Understanding that some waste can decay


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Animal extinction

Habitats destruction

Spoil natural beauty

Change Climate

Tin can

Plastic

Synthetic

GlassMetal objects

Give out

poisonous gas

Unpleasant smell

Return nutrient to soil

Prevent rubbish

from accumulate

Paper

Wood

FoodMeat

FungiBacteria

Waste that

can decay

Waste that decay

Waste that do not decay

Microbes that cause

waste to decay

Advantages ofwaste decaying

Disadvantages ofwaste decaying

What will happen if

waste do not decay


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INVESTIGATING

THE EARTH & THE UNIVERSE

1.1. Understanding the eclipse of the moon


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Eclipse of the moon

The Earth is

between the Sun

and the Moon

The Earth, the Moon

and the Sun are

positioned in a

straight line

The Earths position

blocks sunlight from

reaching the Moon

The Earths shadow is

formed on the Moon

surface and cause an

eclipse of the Moon

Sun Moon

Earth

1.2. Understanding the eclipse of the sun


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ECLIPSE OF THE SUN

The Moon is

between the Sun

and the Earth

The Earth, the Moon and

the Sun are positioned in

a straight line

The Moons blocks the

sunlight from reaching

the Earth

The Moons shadow

is formed on the

Earths surfaceSUN

Earth

Moon

The place that experienced full eclipse is completely dark during the day time

PHASES OF THE SUN DURING THE ECLIPSE


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INVESTIGATINGTECHNOLOGY


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1.2. Analysing a complex machine


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Complex

machine

Made up of more

than one simple

machine

WheelbarrowLever, wheel and axle

CraneGear, pulley, lever

Egg beater

Gear, wheel and axle

Bicycle

Gear, lever,

wheel and axle ScissorsLever, wedge

Hand drill

Wedge, wheel and axle

1.3. Appreciating the invention of machines that make life easier


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Machines

Life machine Life machine

Difficulty in moving heavy things

Will not be able to travel from one

place to another place which is far

Help to move heavy things

Work in the fields is made easier and

productivity of agricultural product is

raised

Construction work is made easier and

can be completed faster

Help us travel from one place toanother

peta minda upsr thn 4 yr 5 yr 6

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