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PENGURUSAN TESIS DAN DESERTASI DIKALANGAN UNIVERSITI AWAM MALAYSIA: ISU DAN CABARAN UNTUK MENWUJUDKAN REPOSITORI TEKS PENUH KEBANGSAAN Oleh: Amir Hussain Md Ishak Salmah Salleh Zubaidah Iberahim 1

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PENGURUSAN TESIS DAN DESERTASI DIKALANGAN UNIVERSITI AWAM MALAYSIA: ISU DAN CABARAN UNTUK MENWUJUDKAN REPOSITORI

TEKS PENUH KEBANGSAAN

Oleh:

Amir Hussain Md Ishak

Salmah Salleh

Zubaidah Iberahim

1

PENGENALAN

• Kajian polisi repositori tesis dan disertasi elektronik di Universiti Awam Malaysia

dijalankan seperti yang dikehendaki dalam Mesyuarat Majlis Ketua Pustakawan

Bil. 4/2016.

• Kajian telah disediakan oleh Seksyen Perkhidmatan Penyelidikan, Bahagian

Perkhidmatan Penyelidikan dan Maklumat, Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad,

Universiti Putra Malaysia.

• Kajian telah dihantar melalui e-mel kepada 20 Ketua Pustakawan Universiti

Awam Malaysia pada 1 Mac 2017 di https://goo.gl/forms/UK0IToechDzsxeM82

2

SOROTAN KAJIAN

Author/ Year

Place conducted/ Participants

Objective Methodology Findings

Ghosh

(2009)

9 ETD digital libraries

in India /; ETD

project coordinators;

content analysis of

ETD websites

To perform a

preliminary

study and

explore the

possibilities for

creating a

national

repository for

the deposit,

discovery, use

and long-term

care of research

theses in an

open access

environment.

Triangulation of

three different

methods:

(1) e-mail

questionnaire

(2) face to face

interviews/

telephonic

conversation and

(3) content

analysis of ETD

websites.

Selection of

digital libraries

for the

evaluation are:

➢ An increasing number of universities

are accepting and encouraging the

submission of theses and dissertations

in electronic format.

➢ Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Indian

Institute of Science, National Institute

of Oceanography, Goa institutions have

adopted open access policies.

➢ IIT kanpur, IIT Bambay, IIT Delhi have

restricted access, i.e Full text are

available online within the campus;

even authors do not have access to

their ETDs when they are outside of

their campus.

➢ The submission of soft copy of the

approved theses/ dissertations is

mandatory for IIT Kanpur, IIT Bombay,

Indian Institute of Astrophysics,

National Chemical Laboratory, Pune.

3

SOROTAN KAJIAN

Author/ Year

Place conducted/ Participants

Objective Methodology Findings

Joint (2009) Place conducted: UK library

To give an overview of electronic thesis and dissertation collection development trends to date

A brief historical narrative combined with commentary fromthe point of view of the library practitioner.

➢ 2 legal issues had been discussed (a) Legal issues- copyright (b) Legal issues- publication status

➢ Legal issues- Copyright of a thesis remains firmly in the hand of the thesis writer before and after the act of submission.

➢ Legal issues- publication statusIntellectual property of the author

➢ However, as long as the requirement for digital submission and dissertation is made clear to the research student at the point of entry onto a course then the student cannot have any objections about losing publication opportunities

4

SOROTAN KAJIAN

Author/ Year

Place conducted/ Participants

Objective Methodology Findings

Aquil Ahmed,

Sulaiman

Alreyaee,

Azizur

Rahman,

(2014)

Asian countries /

247 e-theses

repositories

To discover the

composition of ETD

repositories in Asia

based on the seven

key parameters, i.e.

(1) country-wise

contributions; (2)

types of ETD

repositories; (3)

language interfaces

used; (4) subjects

covered; (5)

software used; (6)

core content types;

and (7) recorded

repository policies

ETD

repositories

developed by

Asian countries

were identified

by selecting the

database of

OpenDOAR

(Directory of

Open Access

Repositories)

and the

retrieved data

were

thoroughly

analyzed for

the necessary

information

➢ Theses and dissertations are

considered an important part of

information resources in any

institution. They are often the only

source of research work, which are

not generally made available

elsewhere. Unfortunately, access to

these valuable unpublished

resources is often restricted to

parent institution only

5

SOROTAN KAJIAN

Author/ Year

Place conducted/ Participants

Objective Methodology Findings

Shalini

Ramdas

Lihitkar,

Lihitkar,

(2014)

Institutional

repositories in

India

(1) Determine which

institutions are

developing EDTs in

India.

(2) To compare EDTs

in India based on

predetermined

parameters such as:

. software; . format;

. number of EDTs; .

search; and . access.

(3) Offer suggestions

for developing

EDT repositories in

India.

The methodology

used for this

research paper

was a descriptive

method. The

institutional web

sites

were browsed and

searched to collect

the data

➢ Out of 41 institutional

repositories, 23 provide access

to EDTs:

➢ Dspace open source software

isused by 31 out of 41

institutions. EPrint software was

used by eight institutions.

➢ PDF format is used by more

repositories for EDTs. The

probable reason is that others

cannot change the content of

these items. Only one

institutions using is using MPEG

and one is using Microsoft Word.

➢ University of Mysore has access

to 5,482 EDTs, the most of any

institution in this study.

6

SOROTAN KAJIAN

Author/ Year

Place conducted/ Participants

Objective Methodology Findings

➢ All 23 institutions allowed

searching by researchers, subject,

and title.Only eight institutions

allowed searching by the name of

the thesis guide. Advanced search

capabilities are provided by all 23

institutions.

➢ Full text accesses to EDTs are

provided by 16 institutional

repositories and seven only provide

access to the abstract.

Riddle (2015)

Place conducted: University of San Diego, California

to explore questions and concepts encountered when developing policies for an institutional repository with a library publishing component.

➢ The author discussed three area in the majority of available IR policy documents:

a. Content policiesb. Access policiesc. Preservation policies

7

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Demografi

Responden

8

Bil Singkatan Universiti1 UM Universiti Malaya2 USM Universiti Sains Malaysia3 UKM Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia4 UPM Universiti Putra Malaysia5 UTM Universiti Teknologi Malaysia6 UIAM Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia7 UUM Universiti Utara Malaysia8 UNIMAS Universiti Malaysia Sarawak9 UMS Universiti Malaysia Sabah

10 UPSI Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris

11 USIM Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia

12 UITM Universiti Teknologi MARA13 UMT Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

14 UTHM Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

15 UTeM Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka16 UMP Universiti Malaysia Pahang17 UniMAP Universiti Malaysia Perlis18 UniSZA Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin19 UMK Universiti Malaysia Kelantan20 UPNM Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

1. Format penyerahanmanuskrip

tesis/disertasi pelajarMaster/PhD kepada

perpustakaan

9

Bil Singkatan Bercetak Bil Tidak bercetak (CD, DVD, dll) Bil

1 UM √ 1 √ 1

2 USM √ 1 √ 1

3 UKM √ 1 √ 1

4 UPM √ 1 √ 1

5 UTM √ 1 √ 1

6 UIAM √ 1 √ 1

7 UUM √ 2 √ 1

8 UNIMAS √ 1 √ 1

9 UMS √ 1 √ 1

10 UPSI √ 1 √ 1

11 USIM √ 1 √ 1

12 UITM √ 1 √ 1

13 UMT √ 1 √ 1

14 UTHM √ 1 √ 1

15 UTeM √ 1 √ 1

16 UMP √ 1 √ 1

17 UniMAP √ ≥ 5 √ ≥ 5

18 UniSZA √ 1 √ 1

19 UMK √ ≥ 5 √ ≥ 5

20 UPNM √ 1 √ 1

2. Manuskrip tesis/disertasi bolehdicapai secara atas talian

10

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Bil Singkatan Ya Tidak

1 UM √

2 USM √

3 UKM √

4 UPM √

5 UTM √

6 UIAM √

7 UUM √

8 UNIMAS √

9 UMS √

10 UPSI √

11 USIM √

12 UITM √

13 UMT √

14 UTHM √

15 UTeM √

16 UMP √

17 UniMAP √

18 UniSZA √

19 UMK √

20 UPNM √

3. Bahagianyang

menguruskan(input/indeks,

imbas, dll) capaian secara

atas talianmengikutuniversiti

11

PENEMUAN KAJIANBil Singkatan Nama Bahagian

1 UM UM Archives (Perpustakaan)

2 USM Bahagian Pendigitalan dan Repositori (Perpustakaan)

3 UKM Unit Pengindeksan (Perpustakaan)

4 UPM Bahagian Pengurusan Sumber Digital (BPSD) (Perpustakaan)

5 UTM Bahagian Repositori Metadata (Perpustakaan)

6 UIAM Digital Library Unit (Perpustakaan)

7 UUM Bahagian ePerpustakaan (Perpustakaan)

8 UNIMAS Unit Pengurusan Digital (Perpustakaan)

9 UMS Seksyen Pengindeksan dan repositori (Bahagian Sumber Ilmu) (Perpustakaan)

10 UPSI Unit Perpustakaan Digital (Perpustakaan)

11 USIM Unit Pengurusan Repositori Pepustakaan (Perpustakaan)

12 UITM 1. Jabatan Pembangunan Repositori Institusi Universiti2. Jabatan Pembangunan Bahan Perpustakaan (Perpustakaan)

13 UMT Bahagian Repositori Data (Perpustakaan)

14 UTHM Bahagian Pembangunan Koleksi Digital (Perpustakaan)

15 UTeM Pembangunan Sumber (Perpustakaan)

16 UMPUnit Digital Perpustakaan dan Unit Knowledge Management (Perpustakaan)

17 UniMAP Hub Digital (Repositori Digital & Media) (Perpustakaan)

18 UniSZAUnit Pengurusan Koleksi dan Unit Teknologi Maklumat dan Multimedia (Perpustakaan)

19 UMK Tidak berkaitan

20 UPNM Tidak berkaitan

4.1 Kaedah capaian

(Open Access)

maklumat manuskrip

tesis/disertasi

mengikut universiti

12

PENEMUAN KAJIANOpen Access

Bil Singkatan Maklumat bibliografi

k

Maklumat bibliografik +

abstrak

Maklumat bibliografisehingga beberapa muka

surat tertentu

Teks penuh

1 UM √

2 USM √

3 UKM √

4 UPM √

5 UTM √

6 UIAM √

7 UUM √

8 UNIMAS √

9 UMS √

10 UPSI √

11 USIM √

12 UITM √

13 UMT √

14 UTHM √

15 UTeM √

16 UMP √

17 UniMAP √

18 UniSZA √

19 UMK Tidak berkaitan

20 UPNM Tidak berkaitan

4.2 Kaedah capaian

(Intranet) maklumat

manuskrip

tesis/disertasi

mengikut universiti

13

PENEMUAN KAJIANIntranet

Bil Singkatan Maklumat bibliografi

k

Maklumat bibliografik +

abstrak

Maklumat bibliografisehingga beberapa muka

surat tertentu

Teks penuh

1 UM √

2 USM √

3 UKM √

4 UPM √

5 UTM √

6 UIAM √

7 UUM √

8 UNIMAS √

9 UMS √

10 UPSI √

11 USIM √

12 UITM √

13 UMT √

14 UTHM √

15 UTeM √

16 UMP √

17 UniMAP √

18 UniSZA √

19 UMK Tidak berkaitan

20 UPNM Tidak berkaitan

4.3 Kaedah capaian

(Ez-Proxy) maklumat

manuskrip

tesis/disertasi

mengikut universiti

14

PENEMUAN KAJIANEz-Proxy

Bil Singkatan Maklumat bibliografi

k

Maklumat bibliografik +

abstrak

Maklumat bibliografi sehingga beberapa muka

surat tertentu

Teks penuh

1 UM √

2 USM √

3 UKM √

4 UPM √

5 UTM √

6 UIAM √

7 UUM √

8 UNIMAS √

9 UMS √

10 UPSI √

11 USIM √

12 UITM √

13 UMT √

14 UTHM √

15 UTeM √

16 UMP √

17 UniMAP √

18 UniSZA √

19 UMK

20 UPNM

5. Tempoh embargo

manuskrip

tesis/disertasi

mengikut universiti

15

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Bil SingkatanAda Embargo?

Tempoh EmbargoYa Tidak

1 UM √

Sehingga selesai perkara berikut;

-Pemfailan harta intelek-Sulit (mengandungi maklumat sulit dibawah Akta Rasmi 1972)-Dokumen terkawal/ ‘restricted’ (mengandungi maklumat terhad//terkawal oleh organisasi dimana penyelidikan dibuat)

2 USM √

3 UKM √

4 UPM √ Bergantung kepada permohonan pengarang

5 UTM √

6 UIAM √

7 UUM √

8 UNIMAS √ Bergantung kepada permohonan pengarang

9 UMS √

10 UPSI √

11 USIM √

12 UITM √

13 UMT √

14 UTHM √

15 UTeM √ Berdasarkan surat lampiran yang disertakan pada bahan

16 UMP √

17 UniMAP √

18 UniSZA √

19 UMK

20 UPNM

6. Sebab-sebab

embargo mengikut

universiti

16

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Bil Singkatan

Pemfailan

harta

intelek

Sulit(mengandungi

maklumatsulit dibawah

Akta Rasmi1972)

Dokumen terkawal/ ‘restricted’

(mengandungimaklumat

terhad//terkawaloleh organisasi

dimana penyelidikandibuat)

Lain-lain

1 UM √ √ √

Penerbitan

artikel dan

kertas

persidangan

2 UPM √ √ √

3 UNIMAS √ √

4 UTeM √ √

7. Status polisi

(hak milik

intelek dan

hakcipta

tesis/disertasi)

serta nama

dokumen

mengikut

universiti

17

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Bil Singkatan

Polisi hak milik

intelek dan hakcipta Nama Dokumen

Ya Tidak

1 UM √Nama Dokumen: Tempat: Institut Pengajian Siswazah UM

2 USM √

Nama Dokumen: Rekod minit mesyuarat ahli senat & dasar penerbitan tesis

Tempat: Pejabat Canselor

Nama Dokumen: Melalui panduan akademik

Tempat: Institut Pengajian Siswazah

Nama Dokumen: Melalui peraturan/panduan akademik untuk siswazah

Tempat: Pusat-pusat Pengajian

3 UKM √

4 UPM √Nama Dokumen: University Putra Malaysia (Research) Rules 2012

Tempat: Research Management Center

5 UTM √Nama Dokumen: LIB Mgt Sys, Doc Mgt Syst n UTMIRTempat: Perpustakaan

6 UIAM √ Dimuka surat "Copyright Statement" thesis

7 UUM √

Nama Dokumen: Pusat Inovasi UUM (ICC UUM) , Intellectual Property and Commercialisation PolicyTempat:

8 UNIMAS √Nama Dokumen: Polisi Penyerahan TesisTempat:

9 UMS √ Di dalam tesis tersebut (Borang Pengesahan Status Tesis)

10 UPSI √Nama Dokumen: Thesis/ Dissertations Guideline Tempat: Institut Pengajian Siswazah

7. Status polisi

(hak milik intelek

dan hakcipta

tesis/disertasi)

serta nama

dokumen

mengikut

universiti (Cont.)

18

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Bil Singkatan

Polisi hak milik intelek

dan hakcipta Nama Dokumen

Ya Tidak

11 USIM √Nama Dokumen: Tempat: Online system “eimetiaz”

12 UITM √

Nama Dokumen: Dasar Harta Intelek Universiti Teknologi MARA; Dasar Pengkomersilan Harta Intelek Universiti Teknologi MARA; Dasar Penyerahan Bahan Harta Intelek UiTM Ke Repositori Institusi UniversitiTempat: Institut Pengurusan Penyelidikan UiTM

13 UMT √Nama Dokumen: Lokasi: Bahagian Koleksi Kahs Perpustakaan Sultanah Nur Zahirah

14 UTHM √

Nama Dokumen: Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Intellectual Property Policy 2011 and Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Student Intellectual Property Policy (Supplementary 2014).Tempat: Bahagian Pembanguan Sumber Ilmu.

15 UTeM √Nama Dokumen:Tempat:Pusat Pengajian Siswazah (PPS)

16 UMP √Nama Dokumen: Tempat: Bilik Khas tesis (hard copy) Perpustakaan

17 UniMAP √

Nama Dokumen: Polisi Harta Intelek Universiti Malaysia Perlis

Tempat: Pusat Pembangunan Pengkomersilan dan Pengurusan

Harta Intelek

18 UniSZA √Nama Dokumen:

Tempat: Pusat Pengajian Siswazah

19 UMK

20 UPNM

8. Pemilik mutlak hak

milik intelek daripada

tesis/disertasi dan

hakcipta manuskrip

mengikut universiti

19

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Bil Singkatan

Pemilik mutlak HAK MILIK intelek

daripada tesis/disertasi

Pemilik mutlak HAKCIPTA manuskrip

tesis/disertasi

Universiti Penaja Pelajar Universiti Penaja Pelajar

1 UM √ √

2 USM √ √

3 UKM √ √

4 UPM √ √

5 UTM √ √

6 UIAM √ √

7 UUM √ √

8 UNIMAS √ √

9 UMS √ √

10 UPSI √ √

11 USIM √ √

12 UITM √ √

13 UMT √ √

14 UTHM √ √

15 UTeM √ √

16 UMP √ √

17 UniMAP √ √

18 UniSZA √ √

19 UMK √ √

20 UPNM √ √

9. Status pindahmilik

(dibenarkan/tidak

dibenarkan) bagi hak milik

intelek daripada tesis/disertasi

dan hakcipta manuskrip

tesis/disertasi universiti kepada

pihak ketiga seperti pihak

industri mengikut universiti

20

PENEMUAN KAJIAN

Bil Singkatan Hakmilik Hak Cipta

1 UM x x

2 USM √ x

3 UKM x x

4 UPM x x

5 UTM x x

6 UIAM x x

7 UUM √ x

8 UNIMAS x x

9 UMS x x

10 UPSI x x

11 USIM √ √

12 UITM x x

13 UMT x x

14 UTHM x x

15 UTeM √ √

16 UMP x x

17 UniMAP x x

18 UniSZA x x

19 UMK x √

20 UPNM x x

KESIMPULAN

Hasil kajian mendapati;

➢ 17 daripada 20 universiti awam mempunyai polisi hak milik intelek dan hakcipta

tesis/disertasi mengikut universiti, manakala 3 daripadanya tiada.

➢ 18 daripada 20 universiti awam mempunyai akses manuskrip tesis/disertasi

secara atas talian

➢ 19 universiti awam menghadkan kaedah capaian maklumat teks penuh

manuskrip tesis/disertasi kepada pengguna dalaman. Hanya UM

membenarkan akses kepada teks penuh secara open access, intranet dan ez-

proxy.

➢ 16 universiti awam tidak mempunyai tempoh embargo bagi manuskrip

tesis/disertasi, manakala 4 daripadanya mempunyai tempoh embargo atas

sebab-sebab antaranya pemfailan harta intelek, Sulit (mengandungi maklumat

sulit dibawah Akta Rasmi 1972), dokumen terkawal/ ‘restricted’ (mengandungi

maklumat terhad//terkawal oleh organisasi dimana penyelidikan dibuat)

21

REPOSITORI TESIS DAN

DESERTASI (RTD)

22

RTDK : KEBAIKKAN

1. Meningkat keterlihatan (Visibility)

➢ Universiti

➢ Penyelia

➢ Kepakaran

➢ Penulis

23

RTDK : KEBAIKKAN

2. Memudahkan akses

3. Memudahkan pencarian ilmu intelektual /

penyelidikan yang telah diterokai

4. Daftar ilmiah / penyelidikan negara

24

25

“… a document that can be read over the course of several years

by many people is preferable to a document available for a million years

and read only by a few people… “

Moxley, Joseph M., "American Universities Should Require Electronic Theses and Dissertations" (2001). English Faculty Publications. Paper 113. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/eng_facpub/113

RTD : SITUASI SEMASA

26

MyTo

- Usahasama ahli

PERPUN

- 20 UA & 5 GLC

- Metadata biblio,

abstrak, 24 mukasurat

pertama / Bab 1

REPOSITORI TESIS DAN

DESERTASI KEBANGSAAN

(RTDK)

27

Perlu ada:

• polisi kebangsaan mengenai hakmilik dan

hakcipta tesis dan desertasi untuk UA / US

• Pekeliling/warta dari pihak berkuasa berkaitan

28

REPOSITORI TESIS DAN

DESERTASI KEBANGSAAN

(RTDK)

Garuda

29

• Creation of Garuda was by the

Ministry of National Education

Act No. 17 / 2010, which

mandates the use of Garuda or

other forms of IRs to “upload

electronically all scholarly works

by students, lecturers,

researchers, staff of any higher

education institution

• 2011 -Circular 2050/E/T/2011,

“Kebijakan Unggah Karya Ilmiah

dan Jurnal” (“Policies on the

Uploading of Scholarly Works

and Journals”). The Circular re-

emphasized the critical role that

Garuda and other forms of IR

play in the Indonesian HE sector

INDONESIA ONESEARCH

30

“Indonesia One Search adalah target kolektif di masa depan agar

setiap masyarakat bisa mudah mengakses seluruh koleksi

perpustakaan melalui satu pintu,”

Titiek Kismiyati

Kepala Pusat Jasa dan Informasi Perpusnas,

RTDK : Kaedah

Akses Terbuka

• Percuma

• Abstrak / Teks penuh

Akses Terhad

• Langganan (penjanapendapatan)

• Teks penuh

Kekangan

• Nilai komersial

• Keboleh pasaran

• Logistik pembayaran royalti

31

Cadangan

Majlis Ketua Pustakawan

1. Meminta KPT menetapkan polisi kebangsaan

mengenai hakmilik dan hakcipta tesis dan desertasi

untuk UA & US

2. Memohon KPT menwujudkan repositori tesis dan

desertasi kebangsaan dengan mengunapakai

platform MyTo yang sedia ada dan meningkatkan

kapsiti pelayan (server) MyTo

3. Memohon RTDK diletak bawah seliaan Pusat Sitasi

Malaysia

32

RUJUKANAquil Ahmed, Sulaiman Alreyaee, Azizur Rahman (2014). Theses and dissertations in institutional

repositories: an Asian perspective, New Library World, 115 (9/10), 438-451.

Ghosh, M. (2009). ETDs in India: Towards a national repository with value added e-theses service.

Paper presented at 10th International Symposium on Electronic Theses and Dissertations, ETD

2007: Added value to e-theses Conference, Uppsala, Sweden, 13-16 June, 2007. Retrieved at

http://epc.ub.uu.se/etd2007/files/papers/paper-20.pdf

Joint, N. (2009). Online digital thesis collections and national information policy: ANTAEUS, Library

Review, 58 (8), 561-568. doi: 10.1108/00242530910987055

Riddle, K. (2015). Creating policies for library publishing in an institutional repository: Exploring

purpose, scope, and the library’s role. OCLC Systems & Services: International digital library

perspectives, 31(2), 59-68. doi: 10.1108/OCLC-02-2014-0007

Shalini Ramdas Lihitkar, R.S. Lihitkar, (2014). Electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) in India: A

comparative study, Library Hi Tech News, 31 (2), 9-14. doi: 10.1108/LHTN-10-2013-0061

Liauw, T., & Genoni, P. (2017). A Different Shade of Green: A Survey of Indonesian Higher EducationInstitutional Repositories. Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication, 4(General Issue), eP2136.http://dx.doi.org/10.7710/2162-3309.2136

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Terima Kasih | Thank

You

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