menentukan pusat gempa

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A 08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:003.6 x103 km

00:06:20 08:09:40

B 08:19:00 08:26:00 00:07:00 5.0 x103 km 00:08:20 08:10:40

C 08:21:00 08:30:00 00:09:00 7.6 x103 km 00:10:20 08:11:40

UsingScrap

Paper

Menentukan pusat gempa dengan

perbedaan waktu P dan S

The Completed Process

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Menentukan pusat gempa dengan perbedaan

waktu P dan S

NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

AB

C

Fill out the chart below using the three seismograms and the chart on Page 11 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.

Start SimpleDraw a Line Down From the P-Wave to the Time Scale

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Finding the Epicenter of an Earthquake

Using the Difference in Time Between the P and the S Wave

NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

AB

C

Fill out the chart below using the three seismograms and the chart on Page 11 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.

Judge what time the P-wave starts

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Finding the Epicenter of an Earthquake

Using the Difference in Time Between the P and the S Wave

NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

AB

C

Fill out the chart below using the three seismograms and the chart on Page 11 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.

08:16 17 18 19

A Quarter after 8 OClock! And No Seconds!

A zoom-in shows P-wave starting at approximately 08:16:00

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Finding the Epicenter of an Earthquake

Using the Difference in Time Between the P and the S Wave

NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A 08:16:00B

C

Fill out the chart below using the three seismograms and the chart on Page 11 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.

Put that value in the appropriate box

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Finding the Epicenter of an Earthquake

Using the Difference in Time Between the P and the S Wave

NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A 08:16:00 08:21:00B

C

Fill out the chart below using the three seismograms and the chart on Page 11 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.

Repeat the same process for the S-wave.

8/12/2019 Menentukan pusat gempa

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Finding the Epicenter of an Earthquake

Using the Difference in Time Between the P and the S Wave

NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00

B

C

Fill out the chart below using the three seismograms and the chart on Page 11 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.

08:21:00 (S-Wave Time)

-08:16:00 (P-Wave Time)

Calculate the interval between the two wave arrivals at the seisomgraph

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Finding the Epicenter of an Earthquake

Using the Difference in Time Between the P and the S Wave

NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00

B

C

Fill out the chart below using the three seismograms and the chart on Page 11 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.

08:21:00 (S-Wave Time)

-08:16:00 (P-Wave Time)

00:05:00 (Time Difference)( 0 Hours, 5 Minutes, 0 Seconds )

Enter that time in the appropriate box

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00

B

C

Go to page 11 of your Earth Science Reference Tables for the chart shown above

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00

B

C

Use the P-S Wave time interval to figure out the distance to the epicenter

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00

B

C

Scrap Paper

Place Marks at

P-S Wave Interval

Time and at 0.

Create a reference measurement using scrap paper and the P-S Wave value

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00

B

C

Scrap Paper

Scrap Paper

Slide paper up

and over until the

reference marksLine up with the

P and S Lines.

Find the proper place where the reference marks match the P and S Lines.

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00

B

C

Scrap Paper

Lightly, make a

reference mark in pencil

on the reference table

at this place on the P line.

For convenience, make a light pencil mark on the P line for use in the next step

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00

B

C

Look straight down from the P line pencil mark and judge the epicenter distance.

.2 . 4 .6 .8

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00 3.6 x103 km

B

C

Lightly, make

reference marks in pencil

On the reference table

at these two places .

Enter that value for the epicenter distance with proper units.

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter

P-Wave Travel

Time

Origin Time of

Earthquake

A 08:16:00 08:21:00 00:05:00 3.6 x103 km

B

C

Look across at the y-axis to Judge the time value

00:06:40

00:06:20

TravelTime(minutes)

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NSF Funded CUNY GK-12 Science NOW Project

Station

Arrival Time of

P-Wave

Arrival Time of

the S-Wave

P-S Wave

Interval

Distance to the

Epicenter