mcm 115 site inspections

8/8/2019 MCM 115 Site Inspections

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MCM 115: C ONSTRUCTION M ETHODS AND T ECHNOLOGY

By

N. Ramesh Babu Associate Professor


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S ITE I NSPECTIONS


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A CCESS (O FF S ITE )

Width or weight restrictions, which may affectplant choice, on existing roads.

Are any bridges nearly subject to height orweight restrictions?Will additional access over private land beneeded as well as that specified?If road construction is inadequate for the traffic

envisaged, will the local authority allow use if thecontractor pays for reinstatement at the end of the contract?


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A CCESS (O N S ITE )

O verhead: Power Lines, Telephone Cables, Treesetc.,Ground Level: Surface level drainage pipes, on ornear surface distribution mains in industrialplants and areas of natural features to beprotected.Underground: Drainage, sewers, cables and

water and gas mains. In addition old basementsand foundations.Buildings and Trees:Water Courses: Extent and impact on new works.


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B OUNDARY CONDITIONS

What adjacent buildings and trees are there? Estimates of heightsneeded for comparison with heights needed by tower crane, if required to swing outside the site boundary.Relationship of new works to boundary. How much room will there bebetween new construction and the site boundary? This information isessential in determining room for plant movement and scaffolding.

Safety of the public. Will pavement gantries be required to allow safepedestrian access under any external scaffolding.

Adjacent public areas. Are there schools, playgrounds or parksadjoining the site? Will they be within the range of possible fallingobjects.

Adjacent water courses. Are adjacent rivers or streams likely to havean impact on excavation on site?

Airfields. Any adjacent airfields may affect plant location andselection.Right of access for others.

Adjacent mains and sewers. What risk may arise from deepexcavations or other activities within the site to mains etc., outsidethe site?


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N OISE

Noise is today is a pollutant and is covered bylegislation. Maximum permitted noise levels arelaid down by the local authority . Any restrictionson night work should also be checked.


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V ISUAL SURFACE GROUNDCONDITIONS AND LOCALGEOLOGICAL FEATURES

A visual inspection of the site can often provideuseful information to the construction planner. If the site inspection is done in dry weather, a falseimpression can arise. What seems a dry site maybecome a wet boggy one in the winter. Localgeological features can also be helpful.


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L OCAL WORKING WEEK ANDL OCAL H OLIDAYS

Such knowledge is essential to the constructionmethod planner, in the assessment of performance and time.


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L OCAL W EATHER C ONDITIONS

Adequate knowledge of local weather conditionsis important to the construction method planner

in making allowance in performance for delaysdue to the weather.


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T YPES OF S ITES

O pen FieldLong and ThinRestricted


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T EMPORARY W ORKS

Site Establishment

Excavation-oversiteand regrading

Access Needs

Foundations,

Superstructure

External Cladding

Internal Services

Roof Cladding

Temporary offices, stores, hoardings, welfare facilities,

temporary servicesTemporary drainage , support to adjoining property,

access for vehicle

Temporary roads, bridges, drainage, protection HTcables

Support of excavations, foundations for plant,formwork to bases, pile caps

Formwork, scaffolding, anchors for cranes and hoiststo building.

Scaffolding, cradles

Scaffold, Mobiles or Working Platforms

Scaffolding and Edge Protection


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P REPARATORY F ACILITIES FOR P ROJECT

Starting the job Access to jobConstruction camp

Service Plant


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S TARTING THE J OB

The job should neither be started too early nortoo late. It should be started when enoughoperations are lined up and definite commitmentsare made for arrival of material and equipment.For example dont let happen that labour hascome but material is not there or material arrivesbut starting facilities are lacking.


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A CCESS TO J OB

The most economical and practical system for

access to the job must be worked out. This mayinvolve finding the economics of railways orhighways.


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C ONSTRUCTION C AMP

The size and type of construction camp depends

upon the following factors:1) The type of work.

2) Amount of work involved and

3) The duration of construction


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F ACILITIES FOR A C AMPPermanent houses

Temporary housesDormitories for gents

Dormitories for ladies

Staff houses

Dining hall and kitchen

Guest house

Community hall

Schools

TempleO ffice

Hospital

Stores

Shops

Garages, repair shop, petrol station etc.,

Facilities like water supply, electric supply, telephones etc.,

Sanitary facilities


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S ER V

ICE P LANT

The shop and plant layout deserve a great deal of study in determining the most effective layout. Itrequires co-ordinating the flow of material,equipment and labour from outside to the plantand construction site. A straight line sequence of operations should be achieved.


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F ACILITIES FOR A S ER V ICE P LANTMain office

Time officeField engineers office

Employment office

First aid building

Testing laboratories

Warehouses

Machine repair shop

Air compressor house

Garages

Various shops: Carpenters shop, Electricians shop, Cable shop for placing cables,Drill sharpening shops.

Reinforcing steel yard

Storage yardDocks for receiving terminals of all shipments

Power plant

Power magazines for storing explosives.O il gasoline storage

Pump houseO ther utilities: Power supply, Job lighting and water supply.


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SITE PRELIMINARIES


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C LEARING THE S ITET HE METHODS A V AILABLE ARE

Pushing out by means of a bulldozer.Digging out by means of a mechanical excavator.Pulling out by means of a chain or wire wrappedaround the tree and attached to a dozer, tractor,lorry or winch.Burning down of hedges and shrubs.Cutting down of trees or hedges partially or fully.


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S ITE S ECURITYTHERE ARE THREE MAIN ASPECTS T O BE C O NSIDERED

Loss of goods and materials. VandalismInjury to children


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W ELFARE A CCOMMODATION

ShelterSanitary Conveniences- O ne water closet for every 25 employees.

- O ne urinal for every 35 employees.Washing Facilities- O ne wash basin for every 25 employees.


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T HANK YOU

mcm 115 site inspections

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