koleksi soalan bab 3

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KOLEKSI SOALAN BIOLOGI BAB 3: PERGERAKAN BAHAN MERENTAS MEMBRAN PLASMA 7 3 Diagram below shows the initial and final stages of an experiment. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan peringkat awal dan akhir suatu eksperimen. Sucrose Sukrosa Potato K entang Initialstage Peringkat awal D istilled water Air suling C avity L ekukan Sucrose solution L arutan sukrosa Potato K entang Finalstage Peringkat akhir D istilled water Air suling C avity L ekukan What causes the formation of sucrose solution in the cavity of the potato? Apakah yang menyebabkan pembentukan larutan sukrosa di dalam lekukan pada kentang? A Sucrose molecules from the cavity moved into the potato by diffusion. Molekul sukrosa bergerak dari lekukan ke dalam kentang secara resapan. B Sucrose solution from the potato moved into the cavity by diffusion. Larutan sukrosa bergerak dari kentang ke dalam lekukan secara resapan. C Water molecules from the distilled water moved into the potato by osmosis. 1

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Page 1: Koleksi Soalan Bab 3

KOLEKSI SOALAN BIOLOGI

BAB 3: PERGERAKAN BAHAN MERENTAS MEMBRAN PLASMA

73 Diagram below shows the initial and final stages of an experiment.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan peringkat awal dan akhir suatu eksperimen.

SucroseSukrosa

PotatoKentang

Initial stagePeringkat awal

Distilled waterAir suling

CavityLekukan

Sucrose solutionLarutan sukrosa

PotatoKentang

Final stagePeringkat akhir

Distilled waterAir suling

CavityLekukan

What causes the formation of sucrose solution in the cavity of the potato?Apakah yang menyebabkan pembentukan larutan sukrosa di dalam lekukan pada kentang?

A Sucrose molecules from the cavity moved into the potato by diffusion.Molekul sukrosa bergerak dari lekukan ke dalam kentang secara resapan.

B Sucrose solution from the potato moved into the cavity by diffusion.Larutan sukrosa bergerak dari kentang ke dalam lekukan secara resapan.

C Water molecules from the distilled water moved into the potato by osmosis.Molekul air bergerak dari air suling ke dalam kentang secara osmosis.

D Water molecules from the distilled water moved into the cavity by osmosis.Molekul air bergerak dari air suling ke dalam lekukan secara osmosis.

74 Diagram below shows the movement of mineral X into a root hair cell.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan mineral X ke dalam satu sel akar rambut.

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Low concentration of XKepekatan X yang rendah

High concentration of XKepekatan X yang tinggi

Which process allows X to enter the cell?Apakah proses yang membenarkan X memasuki sel ini?

A OsmosisOsmosis

B Simple diffusionResapan ringkas

C Active transportPengangkutan aktif

D Facilitated diffusionResapan membantu

75 Diagram below shows an osmometer.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu osmometer.

Glass tubeTiub kaca

Distilled waterAir suling

Concentrated saltsolutionLarutan garam pekat

Semi-permeablemembraneMembran separa tetap

What will happen to the level of the concentrated salt solution in the glass tube after 60 minutes?Apakah akan terjadi kepada aras larutan garam pekat di dalam tiub kaca selepas 60 minit?

A Increases and then decreasesMeningkat dan kemudian menurun

B Decreases and then increasesMenurun dan kemudian meningkat

C Increases and then stopsMeningkat dan kemudian berhenti

D Decreases and then stopsMenurun dan kemudian berhenti

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76 Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in solution Y for 20 minutes.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel tumbuhan setelah direndam di dalam larutan Y selama 20 minit.

Z

Which of the following is the correct answer for Z and solution Y?Yang manakah antara berikut jawapan yang betul untuk Z dan larutan Y?

ZSolution YLarutan Y

A AirUdara

Isotonic solutionLarutan isotonik

B WaterAir

Hypotonic solutionLarutan hipotonik

C Solution YLarutan Y

Hypertonic solutionLarutan hipertonik

D VacuumVakum

Isotonic solutionLarutan isotonik

77 Diagram below shows a unicellular organism.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu organisma unisel.

WaterAir

Which of the following process facilitates the movement of water into the cell?Antara proses berikut, yang manakah mempercepatkan pergerakan air ke dalam sel tersebut?

A Osmosis

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OsmosisB Active transport

Pengangkutan aktifC Simple diffusion

Resapan ringkasD Facilitated diffusion

Resapan berbantu

78 Diagram below shows part of a plasma membrane.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada membran plasma.

I

II

What are the parts labelled I and II?Apakah bahagian berlabel I dan II?

I IIA Hydrophilic head

Kepala hidrofilikHydrophobic tailEkor hidrofobik

B Hydrophobic headKepala hidrofobik

Hydrophilic tailEkor hidrofilik

C Polar headKepala berkutub

Polar tailEkor berkutub

D Non-polar headKepala tidak berkutub

Non-polar tailEkor tidak berkutub

79 Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in a hypotonic solution.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel tumbuhan selepas direndam dalam larutan hipotonik.

P

Q

R

S

Which of the part labelled P, Q, R and S shows that the cell is turgid?

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Yang manakah antara bahagian berlabel P, Q, R dan S menunjukkan bahawa sel ini segah?

A PB QC RD S

80 Diagram below shows a structure of plasma membrane.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

p

Which of the following molecule moves across the plasma membrane through P?Antara molekul berikut yang manakah bergerak merentasi membran plasma melalui P?

A WaterAir

B Glycogen Glikogen

C OxygenOksigen

D GlucoseGlukosa

81 Diagram below shows the apparatus set up to demonstrate osmosis.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menggambarkan osmosis.

Solution xLarutan x

5% sucrose solutionLarutan sucrosa 5%

Visking tubeTiub Visking

BeforeexperimentSebelum

eksperimen

Afterone hourSelepassatu jam

What is the solution X?Apakah larutan X?

A 1 % sucrose solutionLarutan sukrosa 1 %

B 5 % sucrose solution

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Larutan sukrosa 5 %C 10 % sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 10 %D Distilled water

Air suling

82 Diagram below shows one way of preserving vegetable.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu cara untuk mengawet sayur-sayuran.

VinegarCuka

Which of the following explain why the vegetables can last longer?Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan mengapa sayur itu boleh tahan lama?

A The low pH is not conducive for bacterial growth.pH yang rendah tidak sesuai untuk pertumbuhan bakteria.

B The vinegar causes the vegetable to turn alkaline.Cuka menyebabkan sayur itu menjadi beralkali.

C The water molecules diffuse into the vegetable.Molekul air meresap ke dalam sayur-sayuran.

D The bacteria are deplasmolysed.Bakteria telah mengalami deplasmolisis.

83 Diagram below shows the intake of K into a root cell. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pengambilan K ke dalam sel akar.

K

The process requires energy. Which of the following is K? Proses ini memerlukan tenaga. Yang manakah K?

A WaterAir

B Nitrate ionIon nitrat

C OxygenOksigen

D GlucoseGlukosa

84 Diagram below shows gaseous exchange in an alveolus. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pertukaran gas dalam alveolus.

6

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X Y

AlveolusAlveolus

Blood capillarySalur kapilari

Which of the following process occur in the exchange of gases X and Y?Yang manakah antara proses berikut berlaku dalami pertukaran gas X dan gas Y?

A Osmosis Osmosis

B Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas

C Active transport Pengangkutan aktif

D Facilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu

85 Diagram below shows two substances P and R passing through the plasma membrane of a cell. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua bahan P dan R merentasi membran plasma suatu sel.

Outside of cellLuar sel

Inside of cellDalam sel

P R

What are substances P and R? Apakah bahan P dan R?

P RA Amino acid

Asid aminoGlucose Glukosa

B Oxygen Oksigen

Calcium ionIon Kalsium

C Glucose Glukosa

Amino acid Asid amino

D Calcium ion Ion Kalsium

OxygenOksigen

86 Diagram (a) shows diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane. Diagram (b) shows the result of diffusion after one hour.

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Rajah (a) menunjukkan resapan melalui membrane separa telap. Rajah (b) menunjukkan keputusan resapan selepas satu jam.

Thistle funnelCorong tisel

X

Y

Semi permeablemembraneMembran separa telap

Diagram (a)Rajah (a)

After one hourSelepas satu jam

Diagram (b)Rajah (b)

Which of the following represent X and Y? Yang manakah antara berikut mewakili X dan Y?

X YA Distilled water

Air suling 20 % sucrose solution 20 % larutan sukrosa

B 20 % sucrose solution 20 % larutan sukrosa

Distilled water Air suling

C 20 % sucrose solution 20 % larutan sukrosa

20 % sucrose solution 20 % larutan sukrosa

D Distilled waterAir suling

Distilled water Air suling

87 Diagram below shows the structure of plasma membrane.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

P

Q

What is the main component of P and Q?Apakah komponen utama P dan Q?

P QA Lipid

LipidCarbohydrateKarbohidrat

B CarbohydrateKarbohidrat

LipidLipid

C ProteinProtein

LipidLipid

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D LipidLipid

ProteinProtein

88 Diagram below shows the changes of a plant cell after being immersed in high concentration of salt solution for 10 minutes.What is process K?Rajah di bawah menunjukkan perubahan satu sel tumbuhan selepas direndam dalam larutan garam yang berkepekatan tinggi selama 10 minit.Apakah proses K?

Process KProses K

BeforeSebelum

After 10 minutesSelepas 10 minit

A Crenation Krenasi

B PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

C HaemolysisHemelisis

D DeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

89 Diagram below shows an experiment to study the movement of substances across a visking tubing.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pergerakan bahan merentasi tiub visking.

Q

R

Visking tubingTiub visking

After twohoursSelepasdua jam

What are solution Q and R?Apakah larutan Q dan R?

Q RA Distilled water

Air sulingSucrose solution 30 %Larutan sukrosa 30 %

B Sucrose solution 50 %Larutan sukrosa 50 %

Sucrose solution 30 %Larutan sukrosa 30 %

C Sucrose solution 50 %Larutan sukrosa 50 %

Sucrose solution 50 %Larutan sukrosa 50 %

D Sucrose solution 30 %Larutan sukrosa 30 %

Distilled waterAir suling

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Page 10: Koleksi Soalan Bab 3

90 A stalk of mustard green is cut longitudinally into four equal strips. All the strips were immersed for 30 minutes in sucrose solution of different concentrations. Which strip was immersed in hypotonic solutions?Batang sawi telah dipotong memanjang kepada empat keratan yang sama saiz. Semua keratan tersebut direndam dalam larutan sukrosa yang berbeza kepekatan selama 30 minit. Keratan manakah yang direndam dalam larutan hipotonik?

A

Before

EpidermisEpidermis

SebelumAfter 30 minutesSelepas 30 minits

B

Before

EpidermisEpidermis

SebelumAfter 30 minutesSelepas 30 minits

C

Before

EpidermisEpidermis

SebelumAfter 30 minutesSelepas 30 minits

D

Before

EpidermisEpidermis

SebelumAfter 30 minutesSelepas 30 minits

91 Diagram below shows gaseous exchange in a unicellular organism.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pertukaran gas pada organisma unisel.

O2

CO2

State the method of gaseous exchange at the organism.Namakan cara bagaimana pertukaran gas berlaku pada organisma ini.

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A OsmosisOsmosis

B Active transportPengangkutan aktif

C Simple diffusionResapan ringkas

D Facilitated diffusionResapan berbantu

92 Diagram below shows the movement of molecules K across phospholipid bilayer.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul K merentasi lapisan fosfolipid.

Phospholipid Molecules K

Name the molecule K.Namakan molekul K.

A GlucoseGlukosa

B Amino acidAsid amino

C Fatty acidsAsid lemak

D GlycoproteinGlikoprotein

93 Diagram below shows the movement of molecules K across phospholipid bilayer.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul K merentasi lapisan fosfolipid.

Phospholipid Molecules K

Name the molecule K.Namakan molekul K.

A GlucoseGlukosa

B Amino acidAsid amino

C Fatty acidsAsid lemak

D GlycoproteinGlikoprotein

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Page 12: Koleksi Soalan Bab 3

94 Diagram below shows four types of cells, not drawn to scale.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan empat jenis sel yang dilukiskan tidak mengikut skala.

P Q

R S

Which cells are involved in the transport of substances in a living organism?Sel yang manakah terlibat dalam pengangkutan bahan pada organisma hidup?

A P and QP dan Q

B P and SP dan S

C Q and RQ dan R

D R and SR dan S

95 Diagram (a) shows a plant cell at the start of an experiment. Diagram (b) shows the plant cell after it has been immersed in concentrated sugar solution.Rajah (a) menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan pada awal eksperimen. Rajah (b) menunjukkan sel tumbuhan itu yang telah direndam dalam larutan gula pekat.

nucleusnukleus

nucleusnukleus

vacuolevakul

vacuolevakul

cytoplasmsitoplasma

cytoplasm

M

sitoplasma

Which of the following occupies the region labelled M?Manakah antara berikut terkandung dalam kawasan berlabel M?

A Air B Sugar solution

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Udara Larutan gulaC Cell sap

Sap selD Cytoplasm

Sitoplasma

96 When a drop of blood is added to 0.85 % sodium chloride solution, the red blood cells maintain their normal size. What will happen to the red blood cells if they are transferred to distilled water?Apabila setitis darah dimasukkan ke dalam larutan natrium klorida 0.85 %, sel darah merah mengekalkan saiz normalnya. Apakah yang berlaku kepada sel darah merah jika ia dipindahkan ke dalam air suling?

A PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

B HaemolysisHemolisis

C CrenationKrenasi

D TurgidSegah

97 Which statement correctly describes one of the roles of water in the human body?Pernyataan manakah benar mengenai satu fungsi air dalam badan manusia?

A As a source of energy.Sebagai satu sumber tenaga.

B As a solvent to dissolve some substances.Sebagai satu pelarut untuk melarut kebanyakan bahan.

C As material for the build-up of muscles.Sebagai bahan untuk membina otot.

D As an insulating layer for the body.Sebagai lapisan penebat haba pada badan.

98 Diagram below shows a type of tissue found in a plant. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis tisu tumbuhan.

What is the tissue? Apakah tisu tersebut?

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A Xylem Xilem

B Phloem Floem

C Colenchyma Kolenkima

D Schlerenchyma Sklerenkima

99 The following statements are about the movement of substances across the plasmaMembrane.Pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan pergerakan bahan merentasi membran plasma.

● Transport large water soluble molecules following the concentration gradient. Mengangkut molekul-molekul besar yang larut air mengikuti kecerunan kepekatan.

● Required carrier protein. Memerlukan protein pembawa.

What is the process?Apakah proses tersebut?

A Osmosis Osmosis

B Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas

C Active transport Pengangkutan aktif

D Facilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu

100

Diagram below shows the structure of a plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

p

Which molecules can pass through P? Apakah molekul yang dapat melepasi P?

A Glucose Glukosa

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B Amino Acid Asid amino

C Water Air

D Glycogen Glikogen

101

Diagram below show a red blood cell before and after it has been immersed in solution X.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel darah merah sebelum dan selepas direndam dalam larutan X.

What are solution X and the process that takes place in the red blood cell?Apakah larutan X dan proses apakah yang berlaku ke atas sel darah merah?

Solution X Larutan X

Process Proses

A Distilled water Air suling

Plasmolysis Plasmolisis

B Distilled water Air suling

CrenationKrenasi

C 20% sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 20%

Plasmolysis Plasmolisis

D 20% sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 20%

CrenationKrenasi

102

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different concentration of sucrose solution on the length of potato strips. The graph shows the result of the experiment. Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan larutan sukrosa berlainan kepekatan ke atas panjang keratan kentang. Graf menunjukkan keputusan kajian.

A

B

CD

Concentrationof sucrosesolution moldmKepekatanlarutanSukrosalmol dm

Length change / cmPerubahan panjang / cm

+ ve

- ve

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

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Which of the graphs, A, B, C and D, may be expected if the concentration of the sucrose solution is less than 0.08 mol dm-3? Antara graf A, B, C dan D, yang manakah mungkin diperolehi jika kepekatan larutan sukrosa adalah kurang daripada 0.08 mol dm-3?

103

Potato slices are immersed in distilled water. After 30 minutes, the slices are found turgid and hard. Which of the following statements explains this phenomenon?Kepingan ubi kentang direndam dalam air suling. Selepas 30 minit, didapati kepingan itu menjadi segah dan keras. Manakah antara pernyataan berikut dapat menerangkan fenomena ini?

A Potato cell wall will prevents it from shrinking.Dinding sel ubi kentang akan mengelakkannya daripada mengecut.

B The cell sap is hypotonic towards the distilled water.Sap sel adalah hipotonik terhadap air suling.

C The high concentration of the cell sap in the vacuole causes water to diffuse in.Sel sap di dalam vakuol mempunyai kepekatan yang tinggi menyebabkan air meresap masuk ke dalamnya.

D The potato cell wall allows the distilled water molecules to diffuse into the cell.Dinding sel ubi kentang membenarkan molekul sukrosa meresap masuk ke dalam.

104

Which of the following show passive transport?

Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan pengangkutan pasif?

I Bowman capsuleKapsul bowman

Blood capillaryKapilari darah

Ion Na+ Ion Na+

II

Root hairAkar rambut

WaterAir

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III

X Y

AlveolusAlveolus

Blood capillarySalur kapilari

IV ImpulsesImpuls

SynapticknobSinapsknob

A I dan III dan II

B II and IIIII dan III

C I, II and IIII, II dan III

D II, III and IVII, III dan IV

105

Diagram below shows a model of the plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

Y

What is Y?Apakah Y?

A CholesterolKolesterol

B PhospholipidFosfolipid

C Pore proteinProtein liang

D Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

106

Diagram below shows a Paramecium sp.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan Paramecium sp.

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CO2

O 2

What is the process involved in the gaseous exchange as shown in the diagram?Apakah proses yang terlibat dalam pertukaran gas dalam rajah tersebut?

A OsmosisOsmosis

B DiffusionResapan

C Active transportPengangkutan aktif

D Facilitated diffusionResapan berbantu

107

Diagram below shows a strip of spinach after being immersed in 5 % sucrose solution.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keratan batang bayam di dalam larutan sukrosa 5 %.

EpidermisEpidermis

Which of the following shows the appearance of the spinach strip after being immersed in distilled water and 15 % sucrose solution?Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan keadaan batang bayam selepas direndam dalam air suling dan larutan sukrosa 15 %?

Distilled waterAir suling

15 % sucrose solutionLarutan sukrosa 15 %

A

B

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C

D

108

Diagram below shows the liquid composition of the animal body.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan komposisi bendalir di dalam badan haiwan.

R

P

Q

S

Which of the following form the internal environment?Antara berikut yang manakah yang membentuk persekitaran dalaman?

A P, Q, RB P, R, SC Q, R, SD P, Q, S

109

Diagram below shows a structure of a plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

P

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What is P?Apakah P?

A CarbohydrateKarbohidrat

B CholesterolKolesterol

C Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

D PhospholipidFosfolipid

110

Diagram below shows the apparatus set-up to investigate osmosis.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji osmosis.

Capillary tubeTiub Kapilari

X (initial level of sucrose solution)X (aras awal larutan sukrosa)

5% sucrose solution5% larutan sukrosa

30% sucrose solution30% larutan sukrosa

Which of the following will be observed after 1 hour?Antara yang berikut, yang manakah dapat diperhatikan selepas 1 jam?

AX

B X

CX

DX

111

Plant cells, red blood cells and cheek cells are put into solution X, solution Y and solution Z respectively. After 20 minutes, a slide for each cell is prepared and observed under a microscope. Diagram below shows the results.Sel tumbuhan, sel darah merah dan sel pipi telah diletakkan di dalam larutan X, larutan Y dan larutan Z. selepas 20 minit, slaid bagi setiap sel disediakan dan diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan hasil keputusan.

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Solution XLarutan x

Solution YLarutan Y

Solution ZLarutan Z

Which of the following is true about solutions X, Y and Z?Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang larutan X, Y dan Z?

Solution XLarutan X

Solution YLarutan Y

Solution ZLarutan Z

A HypertonicHipertonik

HypotonicHipotonik

IsotonicIsotonik

B HypotonicHipotonik

IsotonicIsotonik

HypertonicHipertonik

C IsotonicIsotonik

HypotonicHipotonik

HypertonicHipertonik

D HypertonicHipertonik

IsotonicIsotonik

HypotonicHipotonik

112

Diagram below shows one way of preserving mango.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu cara mengawet mangga.

MangoMangga

VinegarCuka

Which of the following explain why the mango can last longer?Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan mengapa mangga boleh tahan lama?

A The low pH is not conducive for bacterial growth.pH yang rendah adalah tidak kondusif untuk pertumbuhan bakteria.

B The vinegar causes the mango to turn alkaline.Cuka tersebut menyebabkan mangga bertukar menjadi alkali.

C The water molecules diffuse into the mango.Molekul air meresap ke dalam mangga.

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D The bacteria are deplasmolysed.Bakteria telah mengalami deplasmolisis.

113

Diagram below shows the movement of molecule P across the plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma.

P

What is P?Apakah P?

A GlycogenGlikogen

B GlucoseGlukosa

C Vitamin BVitamin B

D Vitamin DVitamin D

114

Based on diagram below, after an hour it would be found that…

Berdasarkan rajah di bawah, selepas sejam akan didapati…

Concentrated sucrose solutionLarutan sukrosa pekat

CarrotLobakmerah

CavityKavili

Distilled waterAir suling

A The carrot has shrunk.Lobak merah telah mengecut.

B The liquid level in the cavity has risen.Paras cecair dalam kaviti telah meningkat.

C The liquid level in the cavity has dropped.Paras cecair dalam kaviti telah menurun.

D Sucrose has entered into the distilled water.Sukrosa telah memasuki air suling.

115

Epidermal cells, red blood cells and cheek cells are put into solution X, solution Y and solution Z respectively. After 15 minutes, a slide for each cell is prepared and observed under a microscope. Diagram below shows the results.

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Sel epidermis, sel darah merah dan sel pipi masing-masing diletakkan di dalam larutan X, larutan Y dan larutan Z. Selepas 15 minit, slaid bagi setiap sel disediakan dan diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keputusan.

Solution XLarutan X

Solution YLarutan Y

Solution ZLarutan Z

Which of the following is true about solutions X, Y and Z?Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang larutan X, Y dan Z?

Solution XLarutan X

Solution YLarutan Y

Solution ZLarutan Z

A HypertonicHipertonik

HypotonicHipotonik

IsotonicIsotonik

B HypotonicHipotonik

IsotonicIsotonik

HypertonicHipertonik

C HypertonicHipertonik

IsotonicIsotonik

HypotonicHipotonik

D IsotonicIsotonik

HypertonicHipertonik

HypotonicHipotonik

116

Which of the following strips of mustard green stem is immersed in a hypertonic solution?Antara jalur batang sawi yang berikut, yang manakah telah direndam di dalam larutan hipertonik?

A B

EpidermisEpidermis

C DEpidermis

Epidermis

117

Diagram shows the structure of plasma membrane.

Rajah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

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X

What is the structure labelled X?Apakah struktur berlabel X?

A LipidLipid

B Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

C GlycoproteinGlikoprotein

D Pore proteinProtein liang

118

Which of the following best describes a semi-permeable membrane?

Yang manakah di antara berikut penjelasan terbaik mengenai membran separa telap?

A It allows only water molecules to pass through it.Ia hanya membenarkan molekul air melaluinya.

B It allows water soluble molecules to pass through it.Ia hanya membenarkan molekul yang telap air melaluinya.

C It allows only certain molecules to pass through it.Ia hanya membenarkan molekul tertentu melaluinya.

D It allows only certain molecules to pass into the cell but not out of it.Ia hanya membenarkan molekul tertentu masuk ke dalam sel tetapi tidak boleh keluar melaluinya.

119

Diagram shows the structure of a plant cell before and after it has been immersed in solution P.Rajah menunjukkan struktur sel tumbuhan sebelum dan selepas direndam di dalam larutan P.

BeforeSebelum

AfterSelepas

What are solution P and the process that takes place in the plant cell?Apakah larutan P dan proses yang telah berlaku dalam sel tumbuhan tersebut?

Solution PLarutan P

ProcessProses

A Distilled waterAir suling

PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

B Distilled waterAir suling

DeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

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C 10% sucrose solution10% larutan sukrosa

PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

D 15% sucrose solution15% larutan sukrosa

HaemolysisHemolisis

120

Diagram shows a unicellular organism.

Rajah menunjukkan sejenis organisma unisel.

P

What is the function of P?Apakah fungsi P?

A MovementPergerakan

B RespirationRespirasi

C OsmoregulationPengosmokawalaturan

D GrowthPertumbuhan

121

Which cells are involved in the transport of water?

Antara sel berikut, yang manakah berfungsi mengangkut air?

A B

C D

122

Diagram below shows a unicellular organism.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis organisma unisel.

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WaterAir

Which process is involved in the movement of water as shown in diagram?Apakah proses yang terlibat dalam pergerakan air yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah?

A DiffusionResapan

B OsmosisOsmosis

C Active transportPengangkutan aktif

D Facilitated diffusionResapan berbantu

123

Which of the following processes involves active transport?

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah melibatkan pengangkutan aktif?

A Absorption of water by the root hair of plantPenyerapan air oleh rerambut akar tumbuhan

B Absorption of glucose through the villi in the small intestinePenyerapan glukosa melalui vili di dalam usus kecil

C Movement of sodium ions into the cells lining of the kidney tubulesPergerakan ion natrium ke dalam dinding sel tubul ginjal

D Gaseous exchange between the alveoli and blood capillaries during respirationPertukaran gas di antara alveoli dan kapilari darah semasa respirasi

124

Diagram below shows the movement of sucrose molecules in the atom.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul sukrosa dalam air.

WaterAir

SucrosemoleculesMolekulsukrosa

Process XProses X

What is process X?Apakah proses X?

A Active transportPengangkutan aktif

B OsmosisOsmosis

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C Simple diffusionResapan ringkas

D Facilitated diffusionResapan berbantu

125

Diagram below shows the set-up of an experiment.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu persediaan eksperimen.

Thistle funnelCorong Tisel

30% sucrose solutionLarutan sukrosa 30%

Semi-permeable membraneMembran separa telap

BeakerBikar

10% sucrosesolutionLarutansukrosa 10%

What will be the observation of the experiment?Apakah yang akan diperhatikan dalam eksperimen ini?

A The level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel decreases.Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel berkurangan.

B The level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel increases.Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel bertambah.

C The sucrose solution in the thistle funnel empties into the beaker.Larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel dikosongkan ke dalam bikar.

D The level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel remains unchanged.Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel kekal tidak berubah.

126

Diagram below shows two different concentrations of sucrose solution separated by semi-permeable membrane.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua larutan sukrosa yang berlainan kepekatan yang dipisahkan oleh membran separa telap.

P Q

0.3M sucrose solution0.3M larutan sukrosa

0.3M sucrose solution0.3M larutan sukrosa

Semi-permeable membraneMembran separa telap

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Which of the following does not happen when equilibrium is reached?Antara berikut, yang manakah tidak berlaku apabila keseimbangan dicapai?

A The osmotic concentration in both P and Q are the same.Kepekatan osmosis dalam kedua-dua P dan Q adalah sama.

B The solution level in Q is lower than the solution level in P.Aras lautan dalam Q adalah lebih rendah daripada aras lautan dalam P.

C Both P and Q have the same total number of sucrose molecules.Kedua-dua P dan Q mempunyai jumlah bimangan molekul sukrosa yang sama.

D The water molecules in both P and Q move across the semi-permeable membrane at the same rate.Molekul air dalam kedua-dua P dan Q bergerak merentasi menbran separa telap pada kadar yang sama.

127

Diagram below shows two cells, X and Y, which are stained with dilute iodine solution. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel X and sel Y yang telah diwarnakan dengan larutan iodin cair.

X Y

Blue blackBiru kehitaman

BrownPerang

Which of the following explains why cell Y does not possesses blue-black structure when it is stained with iodine solution?Antara yang berikut, yang manakah menerangkan mengapa sel Y tidak mempunyai struktur berwarna biru kehitaman apabila diwarnakan dengan larutan iodin?

A Cell Y does not possess centrioles.Sel Y tidak mempunyai sentriol.

B Cell Y does not possess chloroplasts.Sel Y tidak mempunyai kloroplas.

C Cell Y does not possess plasma membrane.Sel Y tidak mempunyai membran plasma.

D Cell Y does not possess nucleus and cytoplasm.Sel Y tidak mempunyai nukleus dari sitoplasma.

128

A cell is immersed in distilled water for 20 minutes. It is then taken out and immersed in 30% sucrose solution. Table below shows the observed condition of the cell. Satu sel direndam dalam air suling selama 20 minit. Sel itu kemudian dikeluarkan dan direndam di dalam larutan sukrosa 30%. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan pemerhatian ke atas keadaan sel tersebut.

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Conditionof cellKeadaan sel

Type ofsolutionJenis larutan

Distilled waterAir suling

30% sucrosesolutionLarutansukrosa 30%

If the cell is put back into the distilled water for 20 minutes, which condition of the cell would be expected?Jika sel itu dimasukkan semula ke dalam air suling selama 20 minit, yang manakah keadaan sel yang dijangkakan?

A

B

C

D

129

Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in 10 % sucrose solution for 30 minutes.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan sel tumbuhan setelah direndam di dalam larutan sukrosa 10 % selama 30 minit.

BeforeSebelum

AfterSelepas

What has happened to the plant cell after 30 minutes?Apakah yang telah berlaku kepada sel tumbuhan tersebut selepas 30 minit?

A CrenatedMengecut

B PlasmolysedPlasmolisis

C HaemolysedHemolisis

D DeplasmolysedDeplasmolisis

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130

Diagram below shows the condition S of human blood cell which has been placed in solution Y.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan S bagi sel darah yang telah dimasukkan dalam larutan Y.

What is condition S and solution Y?Apakah keadaan S dan larutan Y?

Conditon SKeadaan S

Solution YLarutan Y

A CrenationKrenasi

HypertonicHipertonik

B CrenationKrenasi

HypotonicHipotonik

C HemolysedHemolisis

HypotonicHipotonik

D HemolysedHemolisis

HypertonicHipertonik

131

Which of the following does not involve active transport?

Antara berikut, yang manakah tidak melibatkan pengangkutan aktif?

A Absorption of potassium ions by animal cells.Penyerapan ion kalium oleh sel haiwan.

B Uptake of mineral salts and ions by root hairs.Pengambilan garam mineral dan ion oleh rerambut akar.

C Absorption of oxygen from the water by fish gills.Penyerapan oksigen dari air oleh insang ikan.

D Accumulation of iodide ions by algae.Pengumpulan ion iodida oleh alga.

132

Diagram below shows the structure of the plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

P Q

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What are P and Q?Apakah P dan Q?

P QA Pore protein

Protein liangPhospholipid bilayerFosfolipid dwilapisan

B Pore proteinProtein liang

Hydrophilic headsKepala hidrofilik

C Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

Phospholipid bilayerFosfolipid dwilapisan

D Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

Hydrophobic tailsEkor hidrofobik

133

Diagram below shows a sequence of a strip of mustard green stem that is immersed in two different solutions, 1.0 M sucrose solution and distilled water.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan urutan rendaman satu jalur batang bayam di dalam dua larutan berlainan, 1.0 M larutan sukrosa dan air suling.

Process XProses X

Process YProses Y

Outer epidermisEpidermis luar

What are processes X and Y?Apakah proses X dan Y?

X YA Plasmolysis

PlasmolisisDeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

B DeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

C CrenationKrenasi

PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

D PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

HaemolysisHemolisis

134

Diagram below shows an experiment to investigate the changes of sucrose concentration in a Visking tube. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan kepekatan sukrosa dalam tiub Visking.

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Boiling tubeTabung didih

3% sucrosesolutionLarutansukrosa 3%

Visking tubingTiub visking

Distilledwaterair suling

Beginning ofexperimentAwal eksperimen

End of experimentAkhir eksperimen

Which of the following graphs A, B, C or D represents the change?Antara graf A, B, C atau D, yang manakah mewakili perubahan itu?

A Concentration of sucroseKepekatan sukrosa

TimeMasa

B Concentration of sucroseKepekatan sukrosa

TimeMasa

C Concentration of sucroseKepekatan sukrosa

TimeMasa

D Concentration of sucroseKepekatan sukrosa

TimeMasa

135

Diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur bagi sel tumbuhan.

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X

What is the characteristic of structure X?Apakah sifat bagi struktur X?

A Fully permeableTelap

B Semi permeableSepara telap

C ElasticKenyal

D ToughTeguh

136

Diagram below shows the shape of the red blood cell after being immersed into a solution for 15 minutes.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan bentuk bagi sel darah merah selepas direndam di dalam larutan selama 15 minit.

What is the type of solution?Apakah jenis larutan?

A Hypotonic solutionLarutan hipotonik

B Hypertonic solutionLarutan hipertonik

C HaemolysisHemolisis

D PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

137

Diagram below shows the condition of a plant after being given some fertiliser.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan pokok selepas diberi baja.

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Which of the following explain the phenomena?Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan tentang fenomena tersebut?

A Water diffuses from the soil into the cell sap by osmosis.Air meresap daripada tanah ke dalam sap sel melalui osmosis.

B The plant loses water and this causes the cells to become deplasmolysed.Tumbuhan tersebut kehilangan air dan mengakibatkan sel mengalami deplasmolisis.

C Fertilisers dissolved in the soil water and causes it to become more concentrated and hypertonic to the cell sap of the roots.Baja melarut ke dalam air tanah dan menyebabkannya lebih pekat dan hipertonik terhadap sap sel akar.

D Fertilisers dissolved in the soil water and causes it to become less concentrated and hypotonic to the cell sap of the roots.Baja melarut ke dalam air tanah dan menyebabkannya kurang pekat dan hipotonik terhadap sap sel akar.

138

Gaseous exchange takes place in an alveolus of the human respiratory system. What is name of the process involved?Pertukaran gas berlaku di dalam alveolus dalam sistem respirasi manusia. Apakah nama proses yang terlibat?

A OsmosisOsmosis

B Active transportPengangkutan aktif

C Simple diffusionResapan ringkas

D Facilitated diffusionResapan berbantu

139

Diagram below shows a setup of an experiment by a student.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan ujikaji yang djalankan oleh seorang pelajar.

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Concentratedglucose solution

Sweet potato

Distilledwater

Concentraredlarutan glukosa

Ubi keledek

Distilledwater

After 40 minutes, the liquid level in the cavity rise. What is the best conclusion of theexperiment?Selepas 40 minit, aras cecair di dalam rongga itu meningkat. Apakah kesimpulan bagi ujikaji tersebut?

A The cell sap of the cells in the sweet potato moved into the cavity.Sap sel bagi ubi kentang telah bergerak ke dalam rongga.

B All the contents of the sweet potato cells moved into the cavity.Semua kandungan sel ubi kentang telah bergerak ke dalam rongga.

C The distilled water molecules moved out from the cavity.Molekul air suling telah bergerak keluar daripada rongga.

D The distilled water molecules moved into the cavity.Molekul air suling telah bergerak ke dalam rongga.

140

Diagram below shows a model of plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

Y

What is structure Y?Apakah struktur Y?

A LipidLipid

B PhospolipidFosfolipid

C Pore proteinProtein liang

D Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

14 Which part of the cell allows substances to move in and out of the cell?

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1Bahagian sel yang manakah membolehkan bahan tertentu bergerak ke dalam dan keluar sel?

A Cell wallDinding sel

B Plasma membraneMembran plasma

C NucleusNukleus

D CytoplasmaSitoplasma

142

The onion cell in the diagram below was immersed into solution A then into B. The onion cell in X and Y has undergone...Sel bawang dalam gambar rajah di bawah ini telah dimasukkan ke dalam dua jenis larutan iaitu A dan kemudian B. Sel bawang dalam X dan Y dikatakan telah mengalami...

X Y

X YA Deplasmolysis

DeplasmolisisHaemolysisHemolisis

B HaemolysisHemolisis

CrenationKrenasi

C CrenationKrenasi

DeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

D PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

DeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

143

Diagram below shows the structure of a plasma membrane. Which of the following structures A, B, C or D are involved in active transport?Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma. Manakah antara struktur A, B, C atau D yang terlibat dalam proses pengangkutan aktif?

14 Diagram below shows the structure of plasma membrane of an animal cell.

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4Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma pada sel haiwan.

P

QR

What is P, Q and R?Apakah P. Q dan R?

P Q RA Phospholipid

FosfolipidCarbohydrateKarbohidrat

ProteinProtein

B ProteinProtein

CholestrolKolesterol

PhospholipidFosfolipid

C PhospholipidFosfolipid

CarbohydrateKarbohidrat

CholestrolKolesterol

D PhospholipidFosfolipid

ProteinProtein

CarbohydrateKarbohidrat

145

Diagram below shows the movement of molecules P across the plasma membrane into a cell through process X.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma melalui proses X.

Molecule PMolecule P

Carrier ProteinProtein pembawa

What is process X?Apakah proses X?

A OsmosisOsmosis

B Active transportPengangkutan aktif

C Simple diffusionResapan ringkas

D Facilitated diffusionResapan berbantu

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146

Diagram below shows an experiment that is carried out to investigate osmosis process.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji proses osmosis.

Capillary tube MTiub kapilari M

Level PAras P

Distilled waterAir suling

Visking tubingTiub visking

10% sucrose solutionLarutan sukrosa 10%

Which of the following describes the result of the experiment after one hour? Antara berikut, yang manakah menerangkan keputusan eksperimen ini selepas satu jam?

Volume of liquid in capillary tube MIsipadu cecair di dalam tiub kapilari

M

Level P of sucrose solution in the beaker

Aras P larutan sukrosa di dalam bikarA Increases

MeningkatIncreases

MeningkatB Increases

MeningkatDecreases Menurun

C Decreases Menurun

IncreasesMeningkat

D Decreases Menurun

Decreases Menurun

147

Diagram below shows a plant cell immersed in distilled water for 10 minutes. Then the cell is removed and immersed in a 10% sucrose solution for 5 minutes. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan yang direndam dalam air suling selama 10 minit. Kemudian sel itu dipindahkan dan direndam di dalam 10 larutan sukrosa selama 5 minit.

Plant cell in distilled waterSel tumbuhan dalam air suling

Plant cell in 10% sucrose solutionSel tumbuhan dalam 10% larutan sukrosa

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If the plant cell is immersed in distilled water for another 10 minutes, what is the condition of the cell?Jika sel tumbuhan direndam semula dalam air suling selama 10 minit, apakah keadaan sel tersebut?

A

B

C

D

148

Diagram below shows the condition of an onion cell after being immersed in a solution.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel bawang setelah direndam di dalam suatu larutan.

What is the phenomenon?Apakah fenomena ini?

A TurgidSegah

B CrenationKrenasi

C PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

D DeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

149

Diagram below shows the movement of substances from blood capillary into a body cell.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan bahan dari kapilari darah ke dalam satu sel badan.

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GlucoseGlukosa

OxygenOksigen

Blood capillaryKapilari darah

Body cellSel badan

Which factor causes the substances to move into the body cells?Manakah faktor yang menyebabkan bahan-bahan bergerak ke dalam sel badan?

A Metabolic energyTenaga metabolisma

B Concentration gradientKecerunan kepekatan

C The presence of a cell membraneKehadiran membran sel

D The presence of a permeable membraneKehadiran membran telap

150

Diagram shows a plant cell is immersed in solution A for 30 minutes. What is type of solution A?Rajah menunjukkan sel tumbuhan yang direndam dalam larutan A selama 30 minit. Apakah jenis larutan A?

A HypotonicHipotonik

B IsotonicIsotonik

C HypertonicHipertonik

D CarcinogenicKarsinogenik

151

Based on diagram, name the process of transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in Paramecium sp?Berdasarkan rajah, namakan proses pengangkutan oksigen dan karbon dioksida pada Paramecium sp?

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CO 2

O 2

A Facilitated diffusionResapan berbantu

B Active transportPengangkutan aktif

C OsmosisOsmosis

D Simple diffusionResapan ringkas

152

Diagram shows the model of plasma membrane.

Rajah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

P

What is the part labelled P?Apakah bahagian yang berlabel P?

A Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

B Pore proteinProtein liang

C Hydrophilic headKepala hidrofilik

D PhospholipidFosfolipid

153

Which of the following process involves simple diffusion?

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah melibatkan resapan ringkas?

A absorption of water by the root hair of plantpenyerapan air oleh rerambut akar tumbuhan

B absorption of glucose through the villi in the small intestinepenyerapan glukosa melalui vilus di dalam usus kecil

C movement of sodium ions into the cells lining of the kidney tubulespergerakan ion natrium ke dalam dinding sel tubuh ginjal

D gaseous exchange between the body cell and blood capillariespertukaran gas di antara sel badan dan kapilari darah

154

Which of the following statements are about the movement of substances across the plasma membrane?Pernyataan berikut manakah adalah berkaitan pergerakan bahan merentasi membran plasma?

A Osmosis

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OsmosisB Simple diffusiion

Resapan ringkasC Active transport

Pengangkutan aktifD Facilitated diffusion

Resapan berbantu

155

In an experiment, several pieces of potato were placed in sucrose solution of different concentrations. The mass changed were then plotted onto graphs. Which graph shows the mass changes correctly?Dalam eksperimen, beberapa potongan kentang direndamkan ke dalam larutan sukrosa yang mempunyai pelbagai kepekatan. Perubahan jisim diplotkan ke atas graf. Graf yang manakah menunjukkan perubahan jisim yang betul?

A Mass of potato samples (g)Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

B Mass of potato samples (g)Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

C Mass of potato samples (g)Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

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D Mass of potato samples (g)Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

156

Diagram below shows the experiment to study the activity of salivary amylase.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji aktiviti enzim amilase.

Kanji masak + amylase liur terdidihCooked starch + boiled salivary amylase

Termometer (40 C)Thermometer (40 C)°

°

Which of the following curves represents the result of the experiment?Manakah antara lengkung berikut mewakili keputusan eksperimen?

Quantity of starch in test tube (mg/cm)Kuantiti kanji di dalam tabung uji (mg/cm)

Time (minutes)Masa (minit)

10 2

2

4

6

8

10

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

A

B

C

D

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157

Diagram below shows the model of plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

P

What is the part labelled P?Apakah bahagian yang berlabel P?

A Carrier proteinProtein pembawa

B Pore proteinProtein liang

C HydrophilicHidrofilik

D PhospholipidFosfolipid

158

The following information shows the content of protein, fat and carbohydrate in 10g of rice and fish eaten by a student.Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kandungan protein, lemak dan karbohidrat dalam 10g nasi dan ikan yang dimakan oleh seorang pelajar.

FoodMakanan

ProteinProtein

(g)

FatLemak

(g)

CarbohydrateKarbohidrat

(g)RiceNasi

0.5 0.0 8.8

FishIkan

1.8 0.004 0.0

What would be the main end products of digestion of this meal?Apakah hasil akhir yang utama pencernaan makanan ini?

A Amino acids and glycerolAsid amino dan gliserol

B Simple sugars and glycerolGula ringkas dan gliserol

C Fatty acids and simple sugarsAsid lemak dan gula ringkas

D Amino acids and simple sugarsAsid amino dan gula ringkas

159

Diagram below shows the condition of the red blood cell samples which have been placed in different concentration of salt solutions M and N.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan sampel sel darah merah yang telah diletakkan di dalam kepekatan larutan garam yang berbeza M dan N.

Condition of red blood cellKeadaan sel darah merah

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SolutionLarutan

Salt solution MLarutan garam M

Salt solution NLarutan garam N

What are the types of solution M and N compared to the red blood cell?Apakah jenis larutan M dan N berbanding dengan sel darah merah tersebut?

Solution MLarutan M

Solution NLarutan N

A HypotonicHipotonik

HypertonicHipertonik

B IsotonicIsotonik

HypotonicHipotonik

C HypertonicHipertonik

IsotonicIsotonik

D HypertonicHipertonik

HypotonicHipotonik

160

The graph shows the result of an experiment to determine the concentration of the cell sap of potato tissues.Graf menunjukkan keputusan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kepekatan sap sel ubi kentang.

Percentage change in mass /%Peratus perubahan jisim /%

Concentration ofsucrose solution /%Kepekatan larutansukrosa /%

+ ve

- ve

A

B

C

D

At which point A, B, C or D is the concentration of sucrose solution hypertonic to the cell sap of potato tissues?Yang manakah antara titik A, B, C atau D merupakan kepekatan larutan sukrosa yang hipertonik terhadap sap sel tisu ubi kentang?

161

Diagram below shows a condition of stomata.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu keadaan stomata.

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Guard cellsSel pengawal

Which of the following may cause the condition?Yang manakah antara berikut mennyebabkan keadaan tersebut?

A High light intensityKeamatan cahaya yang tinggi

B Water enters the guard cellsAir masuk ke dalam sel pengawal

C Potassium ion leaves the guard cellsIon kalium meninggalkan sel pengawal

D High concentration of glucose in the guard cellsKepekatan glukosa yang tinggi di dalam sel pengawal

162A haemodialysis machine is used to eliminate urea from the blood of a person with damaged kidney.Mesin hemodialisis digunakan untuk menyingkirkan urea daripada darah seseorang yang mengalami kerosakan ginjal.

Which of the following condition enables the process?Yang manakah antara keadaan berikut membolehkan proses tersebut berlaku?

A Concentration of urea in the blood and in the dialysis fluid is the same.Kepekatan urea di dalam darah adalah sama dengan kepekatan urea di dalam cecair dialisis.

B Concentration of water molecules in the dialysis fluid is higher than in the blood.Kepekatan molekul air dalam cecair dialisis lebih tinggi daripada dalam darah.

C Concentration of urea in the dialysis fluid is higher than in the blood.Kepekatan urea dalam cecair dialisis lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam darah.

D Concentration of urea in the blood is higher than in the dialysis fluid.Kepekatan urea dalam darah adalah lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam cecair dialisis.

163

Diagram below shows four plant cells that have been placed in solution P, Q, R and S respectively for 30 minutes.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan empat sel tumbuhan yang masing-masing telah direndam dalam larutan P, Q, R dan S selama 30 minit.

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Solution PLarutan P

Solution RLarutan R

Solution SLarutan S

Solution QLarutan Q

Which of the following shows the ascending order of the concentration of the solution compared with cell sap?Antara susunan berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan susunan menaik kepekatan larutan itu berbanding dengan sap selnya?

A P, R, S, QB S, R, P, QC Q, P, R, SD R, S, P, Q

164

What is the function of cholesterol molecules in the plasma membrane?

Apakah fungsi molekul kolestrol dalam plasma membran?

A As membrane carriers to move substances across the plasma membrane by active transport.Sebagai membran pembawa yang mengangkut bahan merentasi membrane plasma secara pengangkutan aktif.

B To form protein channels for facilitated diffusion of mineral ions.Membentuk protein liang untuk resapan berbantu ion mineral.

C To join the proteins with phospolipid molecules.Menghubungkan protein dengan molekul fosfolipid.

D To stabilize the fluidity of the plasma membrane.Menstabilkan keanjalan membran plasma.

165

Graph below shows the percentage change in mass of potato cylinders in sucrose solutions of various concentrations.Graf di bawah menunjukkan peratus perubahan jisim selinder kentang dalam larutan sukrosa yang pelbagai kepekatan.

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% change in mass

20

10

00.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

- 10- 5

- 20

% perbezaan jisim

Sucrose concentration, mol dm-3

Kepekatan sukrosa, mol dm-3

If the average initial weight of each potato cylinder is 3.50 g, what is the average final weight of the potato cylinders that have been immersed in the 0.3 mol dm-3 sucrose solution?Jika purata jisim bagi setiap selindar kentang adalah 3.50 g, apakah purata berat akhir bagiselindar kentang yang telah direndam dalam 0.3 mol dm-3 larutan sukrosa?

A 3.00 g B 3.15 gC 3.33 g D 3.68 g

166

Diagram below shows a cell after immersed into a particular solution.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel yang telah direndamkan ke dalam larutan tertentu.

Which is experienced by the cell?Apakah yang dialami oleh sel itu?

A Crenation.Krenasi.

B PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

C DeplasmolysisDeplasmolisis

D Haemolysis

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Hemolisis

END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

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