kimia kertas 2 trial spm 2013

2

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 25 ha

4541/2 NamaChemistryKertas 2September20132 ½ jam

SMK KAMPUNG GELAM ,

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAATAHUN 2013

CHEMISTRYKertas 2

Dua jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHI

1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian:Bahagian A, Bahagian B and Bahagian C.

2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tulisjawapan dalam Bahagian A dalam ruangan yangdisediakan..

3. Jawab satu soalan dalam Bahagian B dan satusoalan dalan Bahagian C. Jawab saoalan dalamBahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci.Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan kimia, rajah,jadual, graf dan kaedah yang bersesuaian untukmenerangkan jawapan anda.

4. Tunjukkan jalan kerja. Ia dapat membantu andamendapat markah.

5. Rajah dalam soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala.6. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan

ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.7. Anda boleh menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang

tidak diprogramkan.8. Serahkan kertas jawapan pada akhir waktu

peperiksaan.

Ba

J

J

J

4541/2

laman bercetak[Lihat ha

Tingkatan

MELAKA

N SPM

NGGA DIBERITA

Untuk kegunaan phagian No.

A

123456

umlah

B78

umlah

C910

umlahJumlah Markah

laman sebelah

HU

emeriksaMarkah

4541/2

3

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATESMAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON

1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.

2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in thequestion paper.Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam ruang yangdisediakan dalam kertas soalan.

3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C.Write your answers for Section B and Section C on the `writing paper’ (examination pad)Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail.You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain youranswer.Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Tuliskan jawapan bagiBahagian B dan Bahagian C pada kertas tulis (kertas jawapan). Jawab Bahagian B dan Bahagian Cdengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yangsesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.

4. Show your working. It may help you to get marks.Tunjukkan kerja mengira.Ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.

5. If you wish to change your answer, neatly cross out the answer that you have done. Then writedown the new answer.Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.

6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.

7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.

8. The time suggested to answer Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes and Section C is30 minutes.Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah 30 minit danBahagian C ialah 30 minit.

9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan.

10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination.Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan.

4541/2Section ABahagian A[ 60 marks ]

[ 60 markah ]

Answer all questions in this sectionJawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 Diagram 1.1 shows the interconversion for the three states of matter, solid,liquid and gaseous state.Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan perubahan keadaan jirim bagi tiga keadaan jirim ,pepejal , cecair dan gas.

(a) Name process INamakan Prose

.........................

.

(b) State the changNyatakan perub

.........................

(c) What is meant bApakah maksud

.........................

Solidpepejal

Lc

Process I

.s I

............................

es in movement oahan pada perge

............................

y melting point.takat lebur?

............................

Process IIProses II

proses I

iquidecair

gas

Diagram 1.1

4

......................................................................

[1 mark]

1(a)

f particles in Process II.rakan zarah-zarah dalam Proses II.

.........................................................................[1 mark]

1(b)

...........................................................................[1 markah]

1(c)

1

1

1

Rajah 1.1

4541/2An experiment is carried out to determine the melting point of naphthalene.Solid naphthalene is put into a boiling tube and is heated using water bath.Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan takat lebur naftalena.Pepejal naftalena diisi ke dalam tabung didih dan dipanaskan menggunakankukus air.

(d) Draw a labeled diagram to carry out this experiment in the laboratory.Lukis satu gambarajah berlabel untuk menjalankan eksperimen ini di makmal.

[2 marks]

1(d)

Table 1.1 below shows the result obtained by the students.Jadual 1.1 di bawah menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi oleh pelajartersebut.

Time/minMasa / min

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Temperature/oCSuhu / oC

62.0 66.0 71.0 76.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 83.0 87.0 89.0

(e)(i) Draw a graph of temperature agLukis graf suhu melawan masa

(e)(ii) Mark on the graf the melting poTandakan pada rajah takat leb

2

Table 1.1

5

ainst time using data given in table 1.1.menggunakan data yang diberi dalam jadual 1.1.

[3 marks]

1(e)(i)

int of naphthalene.ur bagi naftalena.

[1 mark]

1(e)(ii)

1

3

Jadual 1.1

4541/2

6

(e)(iii) Explain why the temperature remain unchanged at 80.0 o C?Terangkan mengapa suhu kekal tidak berubah pada suhu 80.0 oC?

.........................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................[ 1mark]

1(e)(iii)

Total A1

1

10

4541/2

7

4541/22

(a)

Diagram 2.1 shows an apparatus set-up to determine the empirical formula ofmagnesium oxide.Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan formula empirikmagnesium oksida.

Why is it necprocess?Mengapakahproses menim

.....................

Table 2.2 shomagnesium oJadual 2.2 mempirik bagi

Mass of cruJisim mangk



Magnesium ribbon

essary to clean the magnesi

perlunya magnesium diberbang?

............................................

ws the results for the experxide.enunjukkan keputusan bagimagnesium oksida.

cible + liduk pijar + penutup

cible + lid + magnesium ribuk pijar + penutup + pita m

cible + lid + magnesium oxuk pijar + penutup + magn

TaJad

HeatDipanaskan

Pita magnesium

Diagram 2.1

8

um with sand paper before the weighing

sihkan menggunakan kertas pasir sebelum

....................................................................[1 mark]

2(a)

iment to determine the empirical formula of

satu eksperimen untuk menentukan formula

28.24 g

bonagnesium

30.64 g

ideesium oxide

32.24 g

ble 2.2ual 2.2

1

Rajah 2.1

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9

(b) Based onTable 2.2, complete Table 2.3 and determine the empirical formula ofmagnesium oxide.Berdasarkan Jadual 2.2, lengkapkan Jadual 2.3 dan seterusnya tentukan formulaempirik bagi magnesium oksida:[Relative atomic mass: O = 16, Mg = 24][Jisim atom relatif: O = 16, Mg = 24]

ElementUnsur

Mg O

Mass (g)Jisim

Number of molesBilangan molSimplest ratio of molesNisbah ringkas bilangan mol

Empirical formulaFormula empiric

Table 2.3Jadual 2.3

[4 marks]

2(b)

(c) What must be done to ensure that the reaction has completed?Apakah yang perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan tindak balas telah lengkap?

………………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark ]

2(c)

(d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in the experiment.Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas dalam eksperimen itu.

.................................................................................................................................[2marks]

2(d)

(e) Can the empirical formula of copper (II) oxide be determined using this samemethod? Give the reason why.Bolehkah formula empirik bagi kuprum(II) oksida ditentukan menggunakan carayang sama? Berikan alasannya .

....................................................................................................................................[2marks]

2(e)

Total A2

4

1

2

2

10

4541/23 Diagram 3.1 shows the set-up of apparatus of an electrolytic cell. In beaker A, energy

is changed from chemical energy to electrical energy.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi sel elektrolisis. Perubahan tenaga yang

berlaku dalam bikar A ialah dari tenaga kimia kepada tenaga elektrik.

(a)

(b)

(c)

V

CarbonrodRod
Magnesium plate
Name all the anions preNamakan semua anion

…………………………

(i) What is the expecteApakah pemerhatia

……………………

……………………

(ii) Explain your answJelaskan jawapan a

...............................

...............................

(i) What is the producApakah hasil yang

..............................

Plat magnesium karbon

Copper(II)sulphatesolutionLarutankuprum(II)sulfat

Concentratedsodiumchloride

copper platePlat kuprum

Beaker A

10

Diagram 3.1Rajah 3.1

sent in the solution in beaker Byang hadir dalam larutan di bik

………………………………

d observation at anode and catn yang dijangkakan pada anod

…………………………………

…………………………………

er in (b) (i)nda dalam (b) (i)

..................................................

..................................................

t formed at the cathode in beaketerbentuk di katod dalam bikar

..................................................

Bikar A
Beaker B
.ar B.

………………………............[1 mark]

3(a)

hode in beaker B ?dan katod di bikar B?

…………………………...

…………………………...[2 marks]

3(b)(i)

.............................................

..............................................[2 marks]

3(b)(ii)

r A?A?

...............................................

[1 mark]

3(c)(i)

solutionLarutannatriumklorida pekat

Bikar B

1

1

2

2

4541/2

11

(ii) Write the half equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode.Tulis setengah persamaan bagi tindakbalas yang berlaku di katod.

…………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark]

3(c)(ii)

(d) (i) Name the type of reaction that occurs at the anode in beaker B.Namakan jenis tindakbalas yang berlaku di anod dalam bikar B.

...............................................................................................................................[1 mark]

3(d)(i)

(ii) If the copper plate is replaced by a zinc plate, describe what will happen tothe voltmeter reading. Explain your answer.Jika plat kuprum diganti dengan plat zink, nyatakan apa yang berlaku pada

bacaan voltmeter. Jelaskan jawapan anda.

…………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………...

[2 marks]

3(d)(ii)

Total A3

2

1

1

10

4541/2

12

4 Diagram 4.1 shows the apparatus set-up for the titration of 25.0 cm3 of 0.5 moldm-3

sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution with dilute sulphuric acid, H2SO4, usingphenolphthalein as an indicator.Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi penitratan antara 25.0 cm3 larutannatrium hidroksida, NaOH 0.5 moldm-3 dengan asid sulfurik cair, H2SO4,menggunakan fenolftalein sebagai penunjuk.


(a) (i) Name the type of reaction that occurs in the conical flask.Namakan jenis tindak balas yang berlaku dalam kelalang kon itu.

……………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

4(a)(i)

(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in 4(a)(i).Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas dalam 4(a)(i)

………………………………………………………………………………..[2 marks]

4(a)(ii)

(iii) State the colour change of the solution in the conical flask when the endpoint of titration is reached.Nyatakan perubahan warna bagi larutan dalam kelalang kon itu apabilatakat akhir pentitratan dicapai.

……………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

4(a)(iii)

2

1

Dilute sulphuric acidAsid sulfurik cair

25.0 cm3 sodium hydroxidesolution + phenolphthalein25.0 cm3 larutan natriumhidroksida + fenolftalein

1

4541/2

13

(iv) 20.0 cm3 of sulphuric acid is needed to neutralize completely the sodiumhydroxide solution in the conical flask.Calculate the molarity of the sulphuric acid.20.0 cm3 asid sulfurik diperlukan untuk meneutralkan dengan lengkaplarutan natrium hidroksida dalam kelalang kon itu.Hitung kemolaran asid sulfurik itu.

[2 marks]

4(a)(iv)

(b) Table 4.1 shows the pH value of a few solutions.Jadual 4.1 menunjukkan nilai pH beberapa larutan.

SolutionLarutan

pH valueNilai pH

P 1Q 14R 5S 11

Table 4.1Jadual 4.1

Based on Table 4.1, predict which solution isBerdasarkan Jadual 4.1, ramalkan yang manakah larutan

(i)

(ii)

0.1 moldm-3 of hydrochloric acid?Asid hidroklorik 0.1 moldm-3 ?

…………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

0.1 moldm-3 of ethanoic acid?Asid etanoik 0.1 moldm-3?

…………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

4(b)(

4(b)(ii

i)

)

2

1

1

4541/2

14

5

(c)

(iii) has the highest concentration of hydroxide ion?mempunyai kepekatan ion hidroksida yang paling tinggi?

…………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

Which solution will produce carbon dioxide gas when calcium carbonatepowder is added?Larutan manakah akan menghasilkan gas karbon dioksida apabiladitambah serbuk kalsium karbonat?

……………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

Table 5.1 shows the results of the experiments carried out by a group ofstudents in the laboratory to collect 50 cm3 hydrogen gas .Jadual 5.1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen yang dijalankan olehsekumpulan pelajar di dalam makmal untuk mengumpulkan 50 cm3gashidrogen

ExperimentEksperimen

ReactantsBahan Tindak balas

Time/sMasa/s

I 50 cm3 of 1 moldm-3 sulphuric acid +1g granulated zinc50 cm31 moldm-3 asid sulfurik + 1 gketulan zink

40

II 50 cm3 of 1 moldm-3 sulphuric acid +1 g powdered zinc50 cm31 moldm-3 asid sulfurik + 1 gserbuk zink

26

.Table 5.1Jadual 5.1

Based on the table,Berdasarkan jadual ini,

4(b)(iii)

4(c)

Total A4

(a) Write the ionic equation for the reaction in experiment I.Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas dalam eksperimen I.

............................................................................................................[1 mark]

5

1

1

(

1

a
)
0

1

4541/2

15

(b) Calculate the average rate of reaction for both experiments.Kirakan kadar tindak balas purata bagi kedua-dua eksperimen.

(i) Experiment I (ii) Experiment IIEksperimen I Eksperimen II

[2 marks]

5(b)(i)(ii)

(c) (i) Compare the rate of reactions for Experiment I and Experiment II.Bandingkan kadar tindak balas bagi Eksperumen I dan Eksperimen II.

....................................................................................................................[ 1mark]

5(c)(i)

(ii) Using the collision theory , explain your answer in (c)(i)Dengan menggunakan teori perlanggaran, terangkan jawapan di (c)(i)

.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................[3marks]

5(c)(ii)

2

1

3

4541/2

16

(d) The graph of hydrogen gas against time for Experiment I is as shown in thediagram below.Sketch the curve that you would obtain for Experiment II in this graph.Graf gas hidrogen melawan masa untuk Eksperimen I adalah ditunjukkandi rajah di bawah.Lakarkan lengkung yang akan didapati bagi Eksperimen II pada graf ini

Volume of gas/cm3

Isipadu gas/ cm3

Time/ sMasa/s

[1 mark]

5(d)

1

4541/2

17

` (e) The rate of reaction for experiment I can be increased by adding 5cm3 of 1moldm-3 copper sulphate solution into the acid.Complete the energy profile diagram and draw the activation energy forthis increased rate of reaction .

Kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen I boleh ditingkatkan denganmenambah 5 cm3 1 moldm-3 larutan kuprum(II) sulfat ke dalam asid.Lengkapkan gambar rajah profil tenaga ini dan lukiskan tenagapengaktifan bagi kadar tindak balas yang ditingkatkan ini.

EnergyTenaga

La

Experiment I

Reaction pathluan tindak balas

[2 marks]

5(e)

Total A5

Eksperimen I

2

10

4541/2

18

6 An experiment is carried out to determine the heat of combustion for ethanol, C2H5OH.Table below shows the result obtained when 200 cm3 of water in a copper can is heatedusing ethanol lamp.[ Relative atomic mass : C; 12, O; 16, H;1 ]Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan haba pembakaran etanol, C2H5OH.Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi apabila 200cm3 air yang diisidi dalam sebuah bekas kuprum dipanaskan menggunakan pelita berisi etanol.[Jisim atom relatif : C;12 , O;16 , H;1 ]

Initial temperature of water / oCSuhu awal air oC

29.0

Highest temperature of water /oCSuhu tertinggi air / oC

61.0

Mass of ethanol used / gJisim etanol yang digunakan / g

0.92

Heat specific of waterMuatan haba tentu air

4.2 Jg-1 o C -1

(a) Draw a labeled diagram to show how this experiment can be carried out in thelaboratory.Lukis sebuah gambarajah berlabel untuk menunjukkan bagaimana eksperimen inidapat dijalankan di dalam makmal

[2 markah]

6(a)

(b) (i) Calculate(i)heat given out in the experiment.Hitung(i)haba yang dibebaskan dalam eksperimen tersebut.

[1 mark]

6(b)(i)

2

1

4541/2

19

(ii) No of mol of ethanol usedBilangan mol etanol yang digunakan

[1 mark]6(b)(ii)

(c) Calculate heat of combustion for ethanol.Hitung haba pembakaran etanol.

[2marks]

6(c)

(d) Write the chemical equation when ethanol is burnt completely in oxygen.Tuliskan persamaan kimia apabila etanol terbakar lengkap dalamoksigen.

......................................................................................................................[2 marks]

6(d)

(e) Draw the energy level diagram for heat of combustion of ethanol.Lukis gambarajah aras tenaga bagi haba pembakaran etanol.

[2 marks]

6(e)

6(e)

Total A

1

1

2

6

2

2

0

4541/2

Section B[20 marks]

Answer any one question.The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes.

Jawab salah satu soalanMasa 30 minit dicadangkan untuk menjawab bahagian ini

7 Equation below shows the reaction for the industrial production of ammonia.Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan tindakbalas penghasilan ammonia dalam industri.

(a) (i) Name the indNamakan pro

(ii) Write the cheTuliskan pers

(b) State three coNyatakan tigaberlaku.

(c) Ammonia is uDescribe briefare required toAmmonia digkimia.Huraikan dendi dalam mak

(d) Diagram showRajah menunj

State which feanswer.Nyatakan bajtanaman.Beri[relative atom

(e) Carry out a teJalankan satularutan.

BA

Nitrogen + Hydrogen → ammonia

20

ustrial process of producing ammonia.ses industri bagi penghasilan ammonia.

[1 mark]mical equation in (a)(i).amaan kimia dalam (a)(i).

[2 marks]nditions needed for the reaction to occour.keadaan yang diperlukan untuk membolehkan tindakbalas itu

[3 marks]sed to prepare ammonium nitrate, a chemical ferterlizers.ly how you can perpare ammonium nitrate in the laboratory. Youwrite the chemical equation involved.

unakan untuk menghasilkan ammonium nitrat iaitu sejenis baja

gan ringkas bagaimana anda dapat menyediakan ammonium nitratmal. Dalam jawapan anda sertakan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.

[7 marks]s two type of ferterlizers in the market.

ukkan dua jenis baja yang terdapat di pasaran.

rterlizer is best used to increased the yield. Give a reason to your

a yang paling sesuai digunakan bagi meningkatkan hasilsebab kepada jawapan anda.ic mass: C, 12 ; O, 16 ; N, 14 ; H, 1 ]

[4 marks]st to verify the presence of nitrate ions in a solution.ujian makmal untuk mengesahkan kehadiran ion nitrat dalam suatu

Nitrogen + Hidrogen → ammonia

JA UREA

CO(NH2)2

BAJA AMMONIUM

NITRAT

NH4NO3

4541/2

21

[3 marks]

8 Diagram 8.1 shows part of the Periodic Table of the Elements.Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan sebahagian Jadual Berkala Unsur

1 18

2 13 14 15 16 17

A B C

D E F

G H


A, B, C, D, E , F, G and Hare not the actual symbols of the elements.A, B, C, D, E , F, G dan H bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur.

Based on diagram 8.1,Berdasarkan rajah 8.1,

(a) (i) Write the electron arrangement for atoms A, D and F.Tulis susunan elektron bagi atom-atom A, D dan F.

[3 marks]

(ii) Element F will form two different types of compounds when it reacts withelement A and D respectively.Describe the bond formations in these two compounds.Unsur F akan membentuk dua jenis sebatian yang berbeza apabila ia bertindakbalas secara berasingan dengan unsur A dan unsur D.Huraikan pembentukan ikatan yang terhasil dalam sebatian-sebatian ini.

[12 marks]

(b) (i) State a transition element.Nyatakan satu unsur peralihan.

[1 mark](ii) List two special characteristics of transition elements and give an example for

each of this property.Senaraikan dua ciri istimewa unsur peralihan dan beri satu contoh bagi setiapciri tersebut.

[4 marks]

4541/2

22

Section C[20 marks]

Answer any one question.The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes

Jawab salah satu soalanMasa 30 minit dicadangkan untuk menjawab bahagian ini

9 The information below is about organic compound Q.Maklumat berikut adalah berkaitan dengan sebatian organik Q.

(a) Based on information given,Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberi,

Determine the molecular formula for compound QTentukan formula molekul sebatian Q

name the compound Qnamakan sebatian Q

draw the structural formula for compound Q.Lukiskan formula struktur sebatian Q

[relative atomis mass: C, 12 ; H, 1 ; O,16][Jisim atom relatif: C, 12 ; H, 1 ; O, 16 ]

[6 marks](b) Hexane and hexene burnt completely in excess oxygen to produce carbon dioxide

and water. Compare the sootiness of the flame produced during the reaction.Explain your answer.Heksana dan heksena terbakar lengkap dalam oksigen untuk menghasilkankarbon dioksida dan air. Bandingkan kejelagaan nyalaan yang terhasil semasatindak balas ini.Terangkan jawapan anda.

[4 marks]

Composition by mass:Komposisi mengikut jisim:

Carbon : 60 %Karbon

Hydrogen : 13.33 %hidrogen

Oxygen : 26.67 %Oksigen

[Relaive molecular mass ,60][jisim molekul Relatif, 60]

4541/2

23

Statement below shows the characteristics of vulcanised rubber.Pernyataan di bawah menunjukkan sifat-sifat getah tervulkan..

(c) Based on above statement, describe an experiment to compare the elasticity ofnatural rubber compared to vulcanized rubber. Your answer should include;Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, huraikan satu eksperimen untukmembandingkan kekenyalan getah asli berbanding getah tervulkan. Jawapananda mestilah mengandungi:

(i) Labeled diagramGambarajah berlabel

(ii) Procedure of the experimentProsedur eksperimen

(iii) Result of the experimentKeputusan eksperimen

[10 marks]

The use of natural rubber is further extended bycombining natural rubber with sulphur to produce

vulcanised rubber which is more elastic and tougher.Penggunaan getah asli diperluaskan dengan

menggabungkan getah asli dengan sulfur untukmenghasilkan getah tervulkan yang lebih elastik dan

lebih kuat

4541/210 Diagram 10.1 shows three test tubes , each containing a mixture of a certain halogen and

halide solutions in 1,1,1- trichloroethane in an experiment to investigate the displacementof halogen from its halide solution.Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan tiga tabung uji, masing-masing mengandungi campuran sesuatuhalogen dan larutan halida dalam 1,1,1-trikloroetana untuk menjalankan eksperimenmengkaji penyesaran halogen daripada larutan halidanya.

DiagRa

(a) The observations for the experimePemerhatian bagi eksperimen-eks

ExperimentExperimen

MC

I ChlorinebromideKlorin dabromida

II BromineiodideBromin dkalium io

III Iodine anchlorideIodine da

(i) Based on table 10.2 , explain the oWrite the chemical equations forBerdasarkan jadual 10.2, terangkeksperimen tersebut.Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi ti

Iodine +Potassiumchloride in1,1,1-trichloroethanee

Chlorine +potassiumbromide in1,1,1-trichloroethane

Bromine +PotassiumIodide in1,1,1-trichloroethan

24

ram 10.1jah 10.1

nts are recorded in tabale 10.2.perimen itu dicatatkan dalam jadual 10.2

ixtureampuran

Observation in the 1,1,1-trichloroethane layerPemerhatian dalamlapisan 1,1,1-trikloroetana

and potasssium

n larutan kalium

Brown colourWarna perang

and potassium

an larutandida

Purple colourWarna ungu

d potassium

n kalium klorida

Purple colourWarna ungu

Table 10.2Jadual 10.2

bservation obtained for each of the experiment.the reactions that take place.an pemerhatian yang didapati bagi setiap

ndak balas yang berlaku.[6 marks]

e

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(ii) Arrange the halogen in the descending order of strength as the oxidising agent andthe halide ions in the descending order of strength as the reducing agent.Susunkan halogen mengikut tertib menurun kekuatannya sebagai agenpengoksidaan manakala ion halida disusun mengikut tertib berkurangkekuatannya sebagai agen penurunan.

[2 marks]

(b) Diagram 10.3 shows the apparatus set-up of an experiment to investigate the transfer ofelectrons at a distance.Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan susunan radas eksperimen untuk mengkaji pemindahanelektron pada suatu jarak

Carbon electrode
Carbon electrode
25


By refering to the set up of the apparatus , describe the method to carry out theexperiment. Include in your descriptions , the names of the suitable substances to beused as the oxidising agent and reducing agent, the procedures, the observation, and theoxidation and reduction half – equations.Dengan merujuk kepada susunan radas di atas, huraikan kaedah untuk menjalankaneksperimen ini. Masukkan dalam huraian anda , nama bahan yang sesuai untukdigunakan sebagai agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan,langkah-langkah danpemerhatian eksperimen serta setengah persamaan pengoksidaan dan setengahpersamaan penurunan.

[12 marks]

Oxidising agentAgen pengoksidaan

Reducing agentAgen penurunan

Elektrod karbonElektrod karbon

Dilute sulphuric acidLarutan asid sulfurik cair

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26

Answer Marks

1(a) Melting 1

(b) The particles move faster 1(c) Temperature at which solid turn into liquid 1(d)(i) Functional apparatus

Labeled diagram11

(e)(i) Correct axis with labelsTransfer all the points correctlyCorrect shape of the graph

111

(ii) At 80oC 1(iii) Heat absorbed is used to overcome the forces between the particles. 1

........10

2(a) To remove the oxide layer 1(b)

ElementUnsur

Mg O

Mass (g)Jisim

2.4 1.6

Number of molesBilangan mol

0.1 0.1

Simplest ratio of molesNisbah ringkas bilanganmol

1 1

Empirical formulaFormula empiric MgO

1

1

1

1

(c) Repeat the heating, cooling and weighing process until a constant weight isobtained

1

(d) 2Mg + O2 2MgOCorrect Reactants and products ---------------1markBalanced equation ---------------1mark

2

(e) No, because copper is unreactive metal // does not react easily with oxygen 2.........10

3 (a) Chloride ion and hydroxide ion 1

(b) (i) Anode : Greenish yellow bubbles releasedCathode : Colourless gas bubbles released

11

(ii) Hydrogen ions are selectively discharged at cathode,Chloride ions are selectively discharged at anode

11

(c) (i) Copper 1

(ii) Cu2+ + 2e → Cu 1

(d) (i) Oxidation 1

(ii) Decreases.The distance between zinc and magnesium in electrochemical series

11

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27

is nearer than the distance between copper and magnesium..........10

4 Neutralisation 1

H2SO4 + 2 NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O 2

Pink to colourless 1

Ma (20.0) / (0.5) (25.0) = 1 / 2Ma = 0.313 moldm-3

11

(b)(i) P 1

(ii) R 1

(iii) Q 1

(c) P/R 1…….10

5(a) Zn + 2H+ Zn2+ + H2 1

(b) (i) 50/40 = 1.25 cm3s-1 (ii) 50/26 = 1.92 cm3s-1 1+1

(c) (i) Rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher than in experiment I 1

(ii) The total surface area per unit mass of zinc powder is bigger .The frequency of colllision between the zinc atoms and hydrogen ionsis higherThe frequency of effective collision between the particles alsoincreases

1

11

(d) 1

(e)Reactants & products at correct level—1m

energy Correct position of activation energy—1m2

4541/2

en

7 (a)(i) Hab

6 (a) Func

Labe

(b)(i) H== 2= 2

(ii) 0.92

(c) 2688= 13

(d)C2H

CorrBala

(e)

Activation energy

ergy

C2H5OH + 3O2

er Process

.........10

tional apparatus : flame righTripod stanTermomete

l diagram: copper canWater [shaded]Ethanol [shaded

mcØ00 x 4.2 x 326880 J/ 46 = 0.02 mol

0/0.0244000kJ // 1344 kJ

5OH + 3O2 2

ect formulae of reactants andnce chemical reaction

2CO2

Experiment IEksperimen I

Zn + of experiment II

Zn2+ +

28

1

Reaction path

t under the copper cand without wire gauzer in the middle

]

1

1

11

1+1

CO2 + 3H2O

products 11

+ 3H2O

1+1

...........10

H

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29

(ii)N2 + 3H2 2NH3

Correct formulae of reactants and productsBalance chemical equation

11.....2

(b) Temperature 450o -550 oCPressure 60 atmCatalyst iron powder

111.....3

(c) 1.Measure [20-100cm3] 1 moldm-3 ammonia solution and pour into aconical flask2.Add a few drops of phenolpthalein.3.Add [20-100 cm3] 1 moldm-3 nitric acid solution from burette into theconical flask.4.Until pink colour change to colourless5. Record the volume of acid.6. repeat the experiment without using phenolpthalein.7. the mixture is then heated until saturated8. and being cooled to obtain crystals

1

11

11111........8Max 7

(d) UreaPercentage of nitrogen in urea is higher than in ammonium nitrate.

% Nitrogen in urea = 28/60 x 100 = 47 %% nitrogen in ammonium nitrat = 28/ 80 x 100 = 35%

11

1.....3(e) Put solution contain nitrate ion into a test tube,

Add dilute sulphuric acid and iron(II) sulphate solutionAdd concentrated sulphuric acid slowlyBrown ring is formed

1111.....4

Total 20

8 (a)(i) 1. Electron arrangement of atom A - 2.42. Electron arrangement of atom D - 2.8.13. Electron arrangement of atom F - 2.8.7

111......3

(a)(ii) 1. Formation of ionic compound when atom F reacts with atom D2. Atom D donates 1electron to form D+ ions// D D+ + 1e3. Atom F accepts 1 electron to form A- ions // A + 1e A-

4. Both ions will achieve stable octet electron arrangements.5. The ions are attracted toward each other by a strong electrostatic

force of attraction6. The formula of the compound formed is DA7 [ diagram of ions D and A]8. Formation of covalent compound when atom F reacts with atom A9 1 atom A shares 4 of its valence electron with 4 atoms F10. Each atom contributes 1 electron for sharing to form 4 single

covalents bonds.11. All the atoms will achieve stable electrons arrangement12. The formula of the compound formed is AF4

11111

11111

11

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30

13. [ diagram - covalent bond ] 1...max 12

(b)(i) G 1(b)(ii) 1. Can form coloured ions or compound

[ any suitable example]2. exhibit different oxidation numbers

[ example]3. form complex ions

[example]4. act as catalsyt

[ eg. Iron in Haber process]Any 2 special characteristics and their correct example

11111111Max 4

Total 20

9 (a)Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen

60/ 12 13.33/1 26.67/16

3 8 1

C3H8O // C3H7OH

Molecular formula = [C3H8O]n60 = 60 nn =1

molecular formula = C3H8O // C3H7OH

name: propanol // propan-1-ol // propan-2-ol

correct structural formula

1

1

1

1

1

1

.........6(b) (ii)

Hexene C6H12 Hexane C6H14

Produce more soot Produce less soot

% of carbon is higher

12x6 x 100 %84

=85.71 %

% of carbon is lower

12x6 x 10086

= 83 %

1

1

1+1

........4

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31

(c) Diagram :Functional apparatus: two rubber strips with weight is hang over retortstand, metre ruleLabel diagram: label as vulcanised and unvulcanised rubber, weight

Procedure :1. hang both rubber strip using bulldog clips2. measure the initial length of both rubber stripe3. hang a 10 g weight to the end of rubber stripe4. remove the weight5. Measure the length of both rubber stripe6. repeat steps 2-5 using different mass of weight.

Result of the experiment:The length of vulcanised rubber remain the same after the weight isremoved, but the length of unvulcanised rubber become longer then it’sinitial length.

1

1

111111

11

.........10Total 20

10 (a)(i) Experiment Explanation Equation

Chlorine andpotasssium bromide

Displacement ofbromine occursbecause chlorine ismore reactive thanbromine

KBr + Cl2→KCl + Br2

Bromine and potassiumiodide

Displacement ofIodine occursbecause bromine ismore reactive thanIodine

KI + Br2 → KBr + I2

Iodine and potassiumchloride

No displacement ofChlorine becauseIodine is lessreactive thanchlorine

(No reaction,hence noequation)

1+11+1

1+1..........6

(a)(ii) halogen in the descending order of strength as the oxidising agent :Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine

halide ions in the descending order of strength as the reducing agent :Iodide ions, bromide ions, chloride ions

1

1(b) the names of the suitable substances to be used as

the oxidising agent : eg. acidified potassium mangante (VII)1+1

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32

END OF MARK SCHEME

solution//other suitable examplesreducing agent : eg. potassium iodide solution // other suitableexamplesProcedures :

1. Clamp a U-tube to a retort stand2. Pour dilute sulphuric acid into the U-tube until its level are 6cm

from the top of the tube.3. Using a dropper , carefully add potassium iodide solution into one

arm of the U-tube.4. Repeat the same process but now add acidified potassium

manganate (VII) solution into the other arm of the tube.5. Place a graphite electrode into each of the electrolyte in tube and

connect using the wires to the galvanometer.6. Leave the set-up of apparatus for about 30 minutes . Record any

changes in both electrolytes and the galvanometer.

Observations

1. The acidified potassium manganate (VII) changes colour frompurple to colourless // [ if other substance used, colour change mustbe correct according to the substance used].

2. The potassium iodide solution changes colour from colourless tobrown//[ if other substance used, colour change mustbe correct according to the substance used].

3. The needle of the galvanometer deflects.

the oxidation half – equations :MnO4

- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4 H2O

and reduction half- equation :2I - I2 + 2e

[the equations depend on the oxidising and reducing agents used]

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

...max 12

Total 20

4541/2

END OF QUESTION PAPERKERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

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55

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Tec

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98

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3

kimia kertas 2 trial spm 2013

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