kenaf vietnam

Low Cost And High Yield Kenaf Pulp For Paper Industry- Case Study Of Kenaf Market Pulp Mill Project In Vietnam

Eric Chao XuAndritz Inc, USA

Dieter TeubnerAndritz AG, Austria

2Location: Phuong Nam, Long An Province, Vietnam

3Economic And Social Features

Infrastructure: Transportation:

water. A network of waterway is widespread development over the region thanks to irrigational channel system. The average density of channel system is 50 meters length of chanel per hectare. It is very convenient for cultivation work and kenaf transportation.

Land, Highway 62 is lying Southwest (on the right side of Vam Co Tay river), passing through kenaf cultivated area.

National power network is available to all communes in the region. Irrigational system of the cultivated area is very efficient and functions well

Population, labour: Hoa and Tan Thanh:~ 187,000 people. 140,000 of them capable of doing

cultivation, and have experienced with kenaf cultivation since 1975. farmers in this region are skillful

4Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam- Transfer on Water-Ways

5Natural features

Climate: tropical monsoon two seasons per year: dry season and rainy season rains come from middle of May and end in late October. average temperature: 26.6 to 27.7 oC sun shine is very good and lasts from ~ 7.5 hours per day in average climate is suitable for cultivating two crops of kenaf: winter-spring crop gets

seeds and summer-autumn crop gains fibre average yield of kenaf can reach 50 to 55 tons (wet) per hectare.

Terrain, Land: Terrain slopes down gradually from north to south: suitable for

mechanization Land divided into two main kinds of soil: alkaline soil and grey soil

Alkaline soil: plentiful humus and nitrogenous on top soil of 15 to 20 cm Grey soil: slightly mixing of sand and rich soil, with rich humus of 1.5 to

2% on topsoil of 10 to 15cm.

6Kenaf Cultivation Situation In Long An Province (1)

The province has 86,031 hectares for planed agricultural cultivation 35,636 hectares of forest 18,017 hectares for the rest

In the agricultural cultivation area, Rotation of winterspring rice crop and summerautumn kenaf crop covers

23,000 hectares. Ricegrowing area has 45,224 hectares. There are 2 to 3 rice crops. Area of other plants is 17, 807 hectares.

Cultivated kenaf area spreads over 3 districts: Thanh Hoa, Tan Thanh and Moc Hoa

In Thanh Hoa district: 4 communes namely Thanh Phuoc, Thanh Phu, Tan Hiep and Thuan Nghia Hoa

In Tan Thanh district: stretches out 3 communes, Kien Binh, Nhon Hoa and Tan Binh

In Moc Hoa, cultivated kenaf area spreads in 4 communes: Binh Hoa ong, Binh Phong Thanh, Binh Thanh and Tan Thanh.

7Kenaf Cultivation Situation In Long An Province (2)

Late September or early October, flood waters come slowly. It takes 1 month for the plain to be covered under water.

As soon as the flood water recedes in November, winter-spring rice crop is cultivated. It will be harvested in February and March next year.

Summerautumn rice crop may be cultivated from April to May, and harvested in July to August.

For kenaf, summer-autumn crop is cultivated in May and harvested in September in order to avoid flood

Because the flood comes slowly, over a period of 2 to 3 months. There is plentiful water source, which is supplied from Vam Co Tay River. It runs through rivers and channels and finally comes into kenaf cultivation area

Total area consists of 3 districts: Thanh Hoa, Moc Hoa and Tan Thanh, with total of 139,684 hectares

8Kenaf Cultivation (According To Vietnamese Method)

Kenaf growing period: 145 to 150 day

Length of kenaf stalk: 3 to 3.5 meters when harvested

Average yield: 50 to 55 tons of fresh kenaf stalk per hectare

Farmers sow kenaf seed manually. A suitable seed density is approximately 14 kilograms per hectare.

After sowing, water is pumped to cultivated the field and left it there for 5 6 hours to soak the seeds. Then, water is let running off, but the land is kept wet enough for sprouting.

Kenaf-harvesting steps: cutting plucking leaves off trunk bundling up - drying -transfer.

9Profit Comparison Among Different Options- Based on price in 2006

OptionsSummer- Autumn

kenaf crop fordry fiber

Summer- Autumnrice crop

Summer- Autumn kenaf crop for

pulp-making stalk

Total cost to grow kenaf to get dry fiber (VND/hectare)

5,380,000

Total cost to grow kenaf to get kenaf stalk (VND/hectare)

4,780,000

Total cost to grow rice (VND/hectare)

5,650,000

Yield (ton/ hectare) 2.5 (dry fibre) 3.2 50 ton kenaf stalk / hectare

Sale price (VND/ton) 3,200,000 2,200,000 170,000

Total incomings (VND/hectare) 8,000,000 7,040,000 8,500,000

Profit (VND/hectare) 2,620,000 1,390,000 3,720,000

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Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam

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Basic Characteristics of Kenaf

Whole Kenaf Kenaf Bast Kenaf Core Fiber Length mm 1,28 2,6 0,6 Fiber diameter 20 30 Lignin content % 13,2 7,7 17,4 Cellulose % 54,4 Alpha Cell % 37,4

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Pilot Trials At Andritz R&D Centre At Springfield, OH, USA

Before designing the pulping process, several pilot plant trials were conducted to Investigate suitability of kenaf for value-added pulp grade like P/W Compare different process configurations and identify the best one Provide basic process data for system design and engineering

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P-RC APMP Processing at Andritz pilot plant:

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Comparison of Kenaf, Jute and Aspen

Material CSF(ml)

Tensile (N.m/g)

Bulk(cm3/g)

Burst (kPa.m2/g)

Brightness(%ISO)

LSC(m2/g)

Opacity(%)

NaOH(%)

H2O2(%)

Kenaf 220 36 2.5 1.6 70 67 92 3.3 2.5Jute 230 38 2.8 1.7 69 69 93 3.4 2.6Aspen 200 27 2.5 1.1 71 53 88 3.0 1.5

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Pilot Trials At Andritz R&D Centre At Springfield, OH, USA

Results demonstrated kenaf is suitable for production of the high-quality market P/W grade pulp

Pulping process is based on advanced P-RC APMP technology which uses alkaline peroxide solutions in combination with mechanical refining energy to produce high-quality pulps at low energy consumption

The process is free of sulphur-containing chemicals and, hence, leads to better bio-degradability of the mill effluents than conventional BCTMP process that uses sulphite chemicals.

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P-RC APMP Pulp From Whole Kenaf (Pilot Trial)

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About P-RC APMP

Fundamental concept of P-RC APMP (4 steps):

AP pretreatment Refining AP treatment Refining

Under this basic concept, a number of different design options can be developed and applied for a wide range of different situations:

Different impregnation system, depending on how difficult raw material to be macerated

Different refining strategies, depending on energy and pulp quality request Different bleaching strategies, depending on how difficult to develop

brightness

This technology proven to be flexible in handling changes in raw materials (HWD and annual fibers) and in producing different pulp grades/products

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Process Flowsheet

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P-RC APMP Pulp From Kenaf

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Basic Design Data

Production 300 admt/d

Pulp type P-RC APMP Market pulp

Raw Material 100 % Whole Kenaf

Freeness 150 -250 ml CSF

Final brightness 80% ISO

Pulp Yield >80%

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Effluent Treatment

Combined waste water from the pulp mill is treated in 2-stage biological waste water treatment plant with anaerobic reactors in the primary and an aerobic activated sludge system as secondary stage.

The biogas generated in the anaerobic reactors, mainly consisting of methane, is used as additional fuel for the operation of the flash dryers and covers approx 40% of the total energy demand of the flash dryer.

Fiber sludge and/or biological excess sludge from the bio treatment separated in pre sedimentation and final sedimentation is dewatered on a sludge press and sent to deposit. The purified waste water is discharged to Vam Co Tay river.

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Conclusions

Using kenaf as fiber source for pulp and paper industry not only will help to slow down the excessive exploitation of the tropical rain forests, but also will reduce the dependence on imported raw materials in some of Southeast Asian countries on long term

Results from Andritz R&D pilot plant at Springfield Ohio, USA, have demonstrated that kenaf is suitable for low cost, high yield chemical mechanical pulping and can be used for value-added paper and paperboard applications

With implementation of Phuong Nam kenaf P-RC APMP market pulp mill project in Vietnam, Andritz has set a milestone in utilization of annual fibers for production of chemi-mechanical pulps. This will help to secure the fiber supply with an environmental friendly technology also in other countries with limited wood supply.

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Latest Picture from Mill Site At Phuong Nam, Vietnam

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Low Cost And High Yield Kenaf Pulp For Paper Industry- Case Study Of Kenaf Market Pulp Mill Project In Vietnam Location: Phuong Nam, Long An Province, Vietnam Economic And Social Features Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam- Transfer on Water-WaysNatural featuresKenaf Cultivation Situation In Long An Province (1)Kenaf Cultivation Situation In Long An Province (2)Kenaf Cultivation (According To Vietnamese Method)Profit Comparison Among Different Options- Based on price in 2006 Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Kenaf At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Basic Characteristics of KenafPilot Trials At Andritz R&D Centre At Springfield, OH, USASlide Number 18Slide Number 19Pilot Trials At Andritz R&D Centre At Springfield, OH, USA P-RC APMP Pulp From Whole Kenaf (Pilot Trial)About P-RC APMPSlide Number 23 P-RC APMP Pulp From KenafBasic Design DataEffluent TreatmentConclusions Latest Picture from Mill Site At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Latest Picture from Mill Site At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Latest Picture from Mill Site At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Latest Picture from Mill Site At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Latest Picture from Mill Site At Phuong Nam, Vietnam Latest Picture from Mill Site At Phuong Nam, Vietnam

kenaf vietnam

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