kelantan-physics p2 and ans-trial spm 2007

4531/2 Nama : .................................................... Tingkatan : ....................FizikKertas 2 Angka Giliran : ......................................................Ogos-Sept20072 1/2 jam

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN 2007SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

FIZIK

Kertas 2

Dua jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

Kod PemeriksaBahagian Soalan Markah

PenuhMarkah Diperoleh

A 1 42 53 64 75 86 87 108 12

B 9 2010 20

C 2020

Jumlah________________________________________________________ Kertas soalan ini mengandungi ___ halaman bercetak dan ___halaman tidak bercetak.Maklumat berikut mungkin berfeadah . Simbol-simbol mempunyai makna yang biasa.

PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUASEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA

CAWANGAN KELANTAN

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The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.

1. a = v – u 16. Power, P = Energy t time

2. v2 = u2 + 2 as 17. V = IR

3. s = ut + 1 at2 18. Kuasa, P = IV2

4. Momentum = mv 19. Ns = Vs

Np Vp

5. F = ma 20. Efficiency = Is Vs x 100 %Ip Vp

6. Kinetic energy = 1 mv2 21. g = 10 ms-2

2

7. Potential energy = mgh 22. 1 = 1 + 1f u v

8. Elastic potential energy = 1 Fx 23. n = sin i 2 sin r

9. = m 24. n = Real depth

V apperent depth

10. Pressure, P = hg 25. = ax D

11. Pressure, P = F 26. Q = I t A

12. Heat, Q = mc

13. PV = constantT

14. E = m c2

15. v = fλ

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Section ABahagian A[60 marks]

[60 markah]Jawab semua soalan

1. Diagram 1.1 shows a mercury thermometer.Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan termometer merkuri.

DIAGRAM 1.1RAJAH 1.1

(a) What is the accuracy of the thermometer?Berapakah kejituan termometer itu?

........................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(b) Why the glass bulb is made of thin glass?Mengapakah bebuli kaca dibuat dari kaca yang nipis?

........................................................................................................................ [ 1 mark]

(c ) Diagram 1.2 shows when thermometer is put into hot water the mercury in the bulb expands and rises up.Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan apabila termometer itu dimasukkan ke dalam air panas, merkuri dalam bebuli mengembang dan naik keatas.


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(i) Why the temperature of hot water is taken when the thread of mercury stop expands?Mengapa suhu air panas itu diambil apabila merkuri berhenti mengembang?

............................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(ii) Give one suggestion how to increased the sensitivity of the thermometer.Berikan satu cadangan bagaimana hendak menambahkan sensitiviti termometer.

............................................................................................................ [1 mark]

2. Diagram 3.1 shows the rate of decay of radioactive substance, Iodine-131.Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan kadar pereputan bagi suatu bahan radioaktif, Iodin-131.


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a). What is meant by ‘half – life’?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ‘separuh hayat’?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

b) Based on Diagram 3.1, what is the half – life of Iodine?Berdasarkan Rajah 3.1 berapakah separuh hayat Iodine?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

c) What happen to the activity of Iodine-131 after 24 days?Apakah yang terjadi kepada aktiviti Iodine selepas 24 hari?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

d) When Iodine-131 decays, it produces a beta particle and Xenon-131(Xe).Apabila Iodine -131 mereput, Iodine menghasilkan zarah beta dan Xenon -131 (Xe)

( i) What is beta particle?Apakah zarah beta?

………………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

(ii) Complete the following equation for the decay of Iodine-131.Lengkapkan persamaan berikut untuk pereputan Iodine-131.

[1 mark]

3. Diagram 3.1 shows a bob hanging to a spring. The spring osillate at a frequency of 10 oscillation per second. The bob at the end of the spring touches the surface of water in the ripple tank and produces a series of circular waves. The pattern of the wave is seen through a stroboscope.Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebuah ladung digantung pada satu spring. Spring itu diayunkan pada frekuensi 10 ayunan sesaat. Ladung pada hujung spring mencecah permukaan air dalam tangki riak dan menghasilkan satu siri gelombang bulat. Corak gelombang itu dapat dilihat menerusi sebuah stroboskop.

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(a) Calculate: Hitungkan :

(i) the wavelength of the water wave that propagate.panjang gelombang air yang merambat.

[1 mark](ii) the speed of the wave formed.

kelajuan gelombang yang terhasil.

[2 marks](b) (i) What happen to the wavelength when the frequency of the

oscillating spring increases?Apakah yang berlaku kepada panjang gelombang apabila frekuensi ayunan spring bertambah?

............................................................................................................ [1 mark]

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(ii) Suggest one way to incease the frequency of the oscillating spring.Cadangkan satu cara untuk menambahkan frekuensi ayunan spring itu.

............................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(c) In Diagram 3.2 draw the wave pattern formed when the wave hits the plane reflector.Dalam Rajah 3. lukiskan bentuk gelombang yang terhasil bila gelombang itu melanggar pemantul satah itu.


[1 marks]

4. Diagram 4.1 shows the image of a patient’s teeth seen in a mirror used by a dentist. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan imej gigi seorang pesakit yang dilihat di dalam sebuah cermin yang digunakan oleh seorang doktor gigi.

DIAGRAM 4.1 RAJAH 4.1

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(a) Name the type of the mirror used by the dentist.Namakan jenis cermin yang digunakan oleh doktor gigi.

…………………………………………………………………………….... [ 1 mark ]

(b) State the light phenomenon that causes the image of the teeth.Nyatakan fenomena cahaya yang menyebabkan pembentukan imej gigi.

……………………………………………………………………………....

[ 1 mark ]

(c) State two characteristics of the image formed.Nyatakan dua ciri imej yang terbentuk.

……………………………………………………………………………....

…………………………………………………………………………….... [ 2 marks ]

(b) In the diagram below, the arrow represents the teeth as the object of the mirror. Complete the ray diagram by drawing the required rays to locate the position of the image.Dalam Rajah di bawah, anak panah mewakili gigi yang merupakan objekkepada cermin. Lengkapkan gambarajah sinar dengan melukis sinar yangdiperlukan untuk menentukan kedudukan imej.

[ 3 marks]

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5. Diagram 5.1 shows the movement of the box from point P to point Q when it is pulled by a worker . The time for movement from the point P to the point Q is measured using by a stopwacthRajah 5.1 menunjukkan pergerakan kotak dari titik P ke titik Q apabila ditarik oleh seorang pekerja. Masa pergerakan dari titik P ke titik Q diukur menggunakan jam randik.

Diagram 5.2 shows the pointer of stopwatch when the box is at point P and at point Q respectively.Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan kedudukan jarum jam randik apabila kotak itu masing-masing berada di titik P dan di titik Q.



Diagram 5.3 shows the movement of the box from point P to point Q when it is pulled by two workers . The time for movement from the point P to the point Q is measured by using a stopwacth

Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan pergerakan kotak dari titik P ke titik Q apabila ditarik oleh dua pekerja. Masa pergerakan dari titik P ke titik Q diukur menggunakan jam randik.

Diagram 5.4 shows the pointer of stopwatch when the box is at point P and at point Q respectively. Rajah 5.4 menunjukkan kedudukan jarum jam randik apabila kotak itu masing-masing berada di titik P dan di titik Q.

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( a ) Name one force which acting to the box. Namakan satu daya yang bertindak ke atas kotak itu.

………………………………………………………………………........ [ 1 mark]

( b ) Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.3 .Compare the force of the worker that exerted on the box.Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.3 Bandingkan daya yang dikenakan oleh pekerja keatas kotak itu.

…………………………………………………………………………….... [ 1 mark ]

( c ) Observe Diagram 5.2 and 5.4 Compare the time taken to move the box between point P and Q.

Perhatikan Rajah 5.2 dan Rajah 5.4Bandingkan masa yang diambil untuk menggerakan kotak itu antara titik P dan Q.

………………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark ]( d ) Based on the answer (c ) , compare the acceleration of the box.

Berdasarkan jawapan anda di ( c ), bandingkan pecutan yang dialami oleh kotak itu.

…………………………………………………………………………........ [ 1 mark ]

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Q

Box

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(e ) ( i ) Based on answer 5 (b) and 5 (d), state the relationship between the force of the worker and acceleration of the box.Berdasarkan jawapan anda di 5 ( b ) dan di 5( d ) ,nyatakan hubungan antara daya dan daya yang dikenakan oleh pekerja dan pecutan kotak itu.

……………………………………………………………................ [ 1 mark ]

( ii ) State the law involved. Nyatakan hukum yang terlibat.

…………………………………………………………………...… [ 1 mark ]

( f ) ( i ) Based on Diagram 5.3 ,what happens to the acceleration of the box if the box of bigger mass is used ?Berdasarkan Rajah 5.3, apakah yang terjadi kepada pecutan kotak itu apabila kotak yang berjisim lebih besar digunakan ?

………………………………………………………………………........... [ 1 mark ]

( ii ) Give one reason for your answer in ( f )( i ). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di ( f ) ( i ).

…………………………………………………………………………....... [ 1 mark ]

6. Diagram 5.1 shows a bar magnet with north pole at point P and Diagram 5.2 shows a bar magnet with south pole at point Q which is moved towards the solenoid to produce induced current.Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan satu magnet bar dengan kutub Utara di titik P dan Rajah 5.2 dengan kutub Selatan di titik Q. Dalam kedua-dua rajah , magnet bar digerakkan kearah solenoid untuk menghasilkan arus aruhan.

DIAGRAM 5.1 DIAGRAM 5.2RAJAH 5.1 RAJAH 5.2

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a) Observe the diagrams and state two differences between them.Perhatikan rajah-rajah di atas dan nyatakan dua perbezaan antara rajah-rajah tersebut.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….[2marks]

b) What is the polarity exerted at point P and Q when the magnet is moved towards the solenoid?Apakah kutub yang terhasil pada titik P dan Q bila magnet digerakkan kearah solenoid.

P : …………………………………….....................................................................

Q : ……………………………………......................................................................[2marks]

c) What is the relationship between the number of turns and the magnitude of induced current?Apakah hubungan antara bilangan lilitan dan magnitud arus aruhan yang terhasil.

……………………………………………………………………………………….[1mark]

d) Name the law involved in (c).Namakah hukum yang terlibat dalam bahagian (c).

………………………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

e) Suggest another method to increase the deflection of the pointer.Cadangkan satu kaedah lain yang boleh meningkatkan pesongan penunjuk.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

[1mark]

f) State an instrument that uses the application of induced current. Nyatakan satu alat yang menggunakan aplikasi arus aruhan.

……………………………………………………………………………………….[1mark]

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7. Diagram 7.1 shows a circuit consisting of 3 logic gates AND, OR and NOT .Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan satu litar mengandungi 3 get logik DAN, ATAU dan TAK.

(a) What is meant by logic gate?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan get logic?

………………………………………………………………........................[1mark]

(b) Diagram 7.2 shows a type of switch. Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan satu jenis suis.


By using one or two of the the switch above and suitable connecting wires, complete the circuit in the diagrams below to produce,Dengan menggunakan satu atau dua dari suis di atas dan dawai-dawai penyambung yang sesuai, lengkapkan litar dalam rajah di bawah untuk menghasilkan,

(i) AND gateGet DAN

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(ii) OR gateGet ATAU

(iii) NOT gateGet TAK

[3 marks](c ) Diagram 7.2 below shows the combination of two NAND gates.

The combination will produce a single gate MRajah 7.2 di bawah menunjukkan kombinasi dua get TAK DAN.Kombinasi ini akan menghasilkan satu get tunggal M.


(i) Complete the truth table in table 7.1 below for the combination of two NAND gates.Lengkapkan jadual kebenaran dalam jadual 7.1 dibawah untuk kombinasi dua get TAK DAN.

K L M0 00 11 01 1

[1mark]

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(ii) Name the logic gate M.Namakan get logic M

………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

(d) Draw a combination of two NOR gates to produce a single gate OR.Lukiskan gabungan dua get TAK ATAU untuk menghasikan satu get logik ATAU.

[1mark]

(e) Ahmad would like to construct a logic gate circuit to switch on an air conditioner in his house automatically. He has chosen a light- sensitive device to detect daytime and night and heat-sensitive device to detect the surrounding temperature. He has constructed a truth table as shown below.Ahmad ingin membina litar get logik untuk menghidupkan pendingin udara secara automatik. Dia telah memilih peranti peka cahaya untuk mengesan keadaan cerah dan gelap dan peranti pengesan haba untuk mengesan perubahan haba persekitaran.Dia telah membina satu jadual kebenaran seperti di bawah.

Input P Input Q Output RNight - 0 Cold - 0 Off - 0Night - 0 Hot - 1 On - 1Day - 1 Cold - 0 On - 1Day - 1 Hot - 1 On - 1

You are given the logic gate such as OR, AND and NOT. Complete the logic gate circuit to help Ahmad to make his air conditioner functions as the situation above. Anda diberi get logik seperti ATAU, DAN dan TAK. Lengkapkan litar get logik di bawah untuk menolong Ahmad membuat pendingin hawanya berfungsi seperti situasi di atas.

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[3 marks]

8. Diagram 8.1and Diagram 8.2 show a weightlifter is making trial to determine the suitable method to lift a load of mass 60 kg for longer time.Rajah 8.1 dan Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan seorang ahli angkat berat sedang membuat percubaan bagi menentukan kaedah yang paling sesuai untuk menjulang beban berjisim 60 kg untuk masa yang lebih lama.

DIAGRAM 8.1 DIAGRAM 8.2

RAJAH 8.1 RAJAH 8.

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(a) What is meant by equilibrium state?Apakah maksud keadaan keseimbangan?

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b).What is the weight of the load?Berapakah berat beban itu?

[2 marks]

(c) In the space below, draw the scale drawing of the triangle of forces to determine the value of T1. [Use the scale 1 cm : 10N]

Pada ruang di bawah, lukis lukisan berskala segitiga keseimbangan daya untuk menentukan nilai T1. [Gunakan skala 1cm : 10N]

[3 marks]

(d) Calculate the tension T2 in Diagram 8.2Hitung ketegangan T2 dalam Rajah 8.2

[2 marks]

(e) Based on the answer in (c ) and (d), state the suitable way to lift the load for a long time. Give one reason for your answer.Berdasarkan jawapan anda pada (c ) dan (d), nyatakan cara yang sesuai untuk menjulang beban itu untuk masa yang lama. Berikan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda.....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

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[2 marks]

(e) If the weightlifter let go the load, calculate the final velocity of the load before it touches the surface of the ground.Jika ahli angkat berat itu melepaskan beban, hitung halaju akhir beban itu sebelum menyentuh permukaan lantai.

[2 marks]

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Section BBahagian B [20 Marks][20 Markah]

Answer any one questionJawab mana-mana satu soalan

9. Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show the parallel rays of light directed towards the convex lenses J and K. Both the lenses produce real images. F is the focal point for each lens.Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan sinar cahaya selari di tuju ke kanta-kanta cembung J dan K. Kedua-dua kanta menghasilkan imej nyata. F ialah titik fokus untuk setiap kanta.


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(a) (i) What is meant by focal length?Apakah maksud panjang fokus? [1 mark]

(ii) With reference to Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the thickness of the lenses and the effects it has on the refracted rays to make a deduction regarding the relationship between the thickness of the lenses and their focal length.

Merujuk kepada Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan ketebalan kanta dan kesan keatas pembiasan cahaya untuk membuat satu kesimpulan tentang hubungan antara ketebalan dengan panjang fokus.

[5 marks]

(b) Diagram 9.3 shows the ray diagram of a simple microscope.Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan gambar sinar bagi satu mikroskop ringkas.


(i) State the function of the eyepiece.

Nyatakan fungsi kanta mata. [1 mark]

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Fe : Focal point of eyepiece. Titik fokus kanta mata.Fo : Focal point of objective lens. Titik fokus kanta objektif.

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(ii) State the characteristics of the image formed by a microscope.Nyatakan ciri-ciri imej yang dihasilkan oleh satu mikroskop.

[3 marks](c) You are given two convex lenses S and Q of different focal length. Lens S has a

longer focal length than lens Q.

Anda dibekalkan dua kanta cembung S dan Q yang berlainan panjang fokus. Kanta S mempunyai panjang fous yang lebih panjang daripada kanta Q.

(i) Using the two lenses above explain how are you would make a simple astronomical telescope.Dengan menggunakan dua kanta tersebut, terangkan bagaimana anda akan membina sebuah teleskop astronomi ringkas. [4 marks]

(ii) Suggest modification that need to be done on the telescope to produce clearer and bigger images.Cadangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan terhadap teleskop itu untuk menghasilkan imej yang lebih jelas dan lebih besar.

[6 marks]

10. Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show copper rods placed on the bare wire tracks between the poles of the magnet. The copper rods, the bare wire tracks and magnets used are identical.

Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan rod kuprum diletakkan di atas landasan wayar tidak bertebat di antara kutub-kutub magnet. Rod-rod kuprum, landasan wayar tidak bertebat dan magnet yang digunakan adalah sama.

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When the switch is on in each circuit, the copper rods move in the the direction as shown in the diagrams.

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Bila suis dihidupkan dalam setiap litar, rod kuprum itu bergerak dalam arah yang ditunjukkan dalam kedu-dua rajah tersebut.

a) What is meant by catapult field?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan medan lastik? [ 1 mark]

b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the angle of deflection of the ammeter indicator and the moving distance of the copper rods.Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, bandingkan sudut pesongan penunjuk ammeter dan jarak gerakan rod kuprum.

[ 2 marks]

c) State the relationship between the strength of the force exert on the copper rods andNyatakan hubungan antara kekuatan daya yang bertindak pada rod kuprum dan

i) the moving distance of the copper rods,jarak gerakan rod kuprum,

ii) the size of electric current,saiz arus elektrik,

iii) the strength of catapult field.kekuatan medan lastik.

[ 3 marks]

d) Diagram 10.3 shows two thin copper strips, WX and YZ, connected to a circuit.Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan dua jalur kuprum nipis, WX dan YZ, yang disambungkan kepada satu litar.

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Explain what happen to copper strip WX and YZ when the switch is on.

Terangkan apa yang berlaku kepada jalur kuprum WX dan YZ apabila suis dihidupkan.

[ 4 marks]

e) Diagram 10.4 shows a moving coil ammeterRajah 10.4 menunjukkan sebuah ammeter gegelung bergerak.

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Explain how you would design a moving coil ammeter that can function properly.In your explanation, emphasise the following aspects:

Terangkan bagaimana anda mereka bentuk satu ammeter gegelung bergerak yang boleh berfungsi dengan lebih baik. Dalam penerangan anda, berikan penekanan bagi aspek-aspek berikut:

i) the sensitivity of the ammeter,kepekaan ammeter itu,

ii) the shape of the permanent magnet,bentuk magnet kekal,

iii) the shape of the core,bentuk teras,

iv) the type material of the core,jenis bahan teras,

v) the type of the scale of the ammeter.jenis skala ammeter.

[ 10 marks]

BAHAGIAN C[20 MARKS][20 MARKAH]

Answer any one questionJawab mana-mana satu soalan

11. Diagram 11.1 below shows a simple hydraulic brake system in a car. Rajah 11.1 dibawah menunjukkan satu system brek hidraulik ringkas bagi

sebuah kereta.

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Table 11.1 shows the characteristics of the brake system consists of type of liquid brake line, size of pistons and type of brake either disc brake or drum brake.

Jadual 11.1 menunjukkan cirri-ciri bagi system brek yang terdiri daripada jenis cecair brek, salur brek, saiz omboh dan jenis brek samada brek piring atau brek drum.

BrakeSystemSistem Brek

Type of liquidJenis cecair brek

Thickness of brake lineKetebalan salur Brek

The ratio of cross sectional area for wheel and master piston.Nisbah luas keratan rentas omboh roda dan omboh utama.

The chosen of the type of brake for front and rear wheel.Pemilihan jenis brek untuk roda hadapan dan roda belakang.Front wheel

Rear wheel

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Roda hadapan

Roda belakang

P OilMinyak

ThinNipis

HighTinggi

DiscPiring

DrumDrum

Q OilMinyak

ThickTebal

LowRendah

DiscPiring

DrumDrum

R ParaffinParafin

ThinNipis

HighTinggi

DrumDrum

DiscPiring

S Oil Minyak

ThickTebal

HighTinggi

DiscPiring

DrumDrum

T Waterair

ThickTebal

LowRendah

DrumDrum

DiscPiring

TABLE 11.1 JADUAL 11.1

i) What is meant by Pascal’s Principle? Apakah maksud Prinsip Pascal?

[1mark]

ii) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the materials in Table 11.1 which could be used to make an efficient brake hydraulic system.

Justify your choice. Anda ditugaskan untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri yang ditunjukkan dalam Jadual

11.1 yang boleh digunakan untuk membuat satu system brek hidraulik yang cekap. Berikan penjelasan terhadap pilihan anda.

[10 marks]

b) Diagram 11.2 shows a simple hydraulic machine used for lifting heavy loads such as cars in a garag e. It consists of two pistons, X and Y of cross sectional area 0.02 m2 and 0.28 m2, respectively. When piston X is pressed down by applying a force of 15 N, a large force is produced on pistonY.

Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan satu mesin hidraulik ringkas yang digunakan untuk mengangkat beban yang berat seperti kereta di bengkel. Terdapat dua omboh, X dan Y yang mempunyai luas keratan rentas 0.02 m2 and 0.28 m2

Apabila omboh X di tekan ke bawah oleh satu daya 15 N, suatu daya yang besar terhasil di omboh Y.

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i) Explain briefly how the load can be lifted up when the small piston X is pressed down.

Jelaskan dengan terperinci bagaimana beban dapat diangkat bila omboh kecil X di tekan ke bawah.

[4marks]

ii) Calculate the pressure exerted on the liquid by piston X. Hitung tekanan yang terhasil ke atas cecair oleh omboh X.

[1 mark]iii) Calculate the maximum load that can be lifted by piston Y. Hitungkan beban maksimum yang boleh diangkat oleh omboh Y

[2 marks] iv) If piston X is depressed downwards by a distance of 21 cm, what is the distance moved by piston Y?

Jika omboh X ditekan sejauh 21 cm, berapakah jarak yang dilalui oleh omboh Y.

[2mark]

12. Diagram 12.1 shows a bulb labelled 12V, 24W. Rajah menunjukkan satu mentol berlabel 12V 24W.

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(a) (i) What is meant by 12V, 24 W.Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan 12V, 24W?

[ 1 mark]

(ii) Why R is made of high resistance conductor ?Mengapa R dibuat daripada konduktor berintangan tinggi?

[ 1 mark]

(iii) State 2 factor that affected the resistance of the conductor . Describe how the factors can affected the resistance of conductor.

Nyatakan 2 faktor yang mempengaruhi rintangan konduktor.Huraikan bagaimana faktor-faktor itu mempengaruhi rintangan konduktor itu.

[ 4 marks]

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b) Diagram 12.2 shows three identical resistors in an electric circuit that is connected to a supply voltage 12V.Rajah12.2 menunjukkan tiga perintang yang serupa dalam satu litar elektrik yang disambungkan kepada bekalan elektrik 12 V


(i) Calculate the effective resistance in circuit Hitungkan rintangan berkesan dalam litar itu. [ 1mark]

(ii) What is the reading of the voltmeter?Berapaah bacaan voltmeter ? [2 marks ]

(iii) What is the reading of ammeter?

Berapakah bacaan ammeter ? [ 1 marks ]

c) You are assigned to investigate the characteristics of the power of heating coil and the design of the heating element isn an electric kettle.Anda ditugaskan untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri kuasa perintang dalam alat pemanasdan reka bentuk alat pemanas sebuah cerek elektrik.

Explain the suitability of every characteristics in the table and the determine the most suitable electric kettle to be used to boil the water faster and safely.Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri dalam jadual dan seterusnya tentukan cerek elektrik yang manakah paling sesuai digunakan untuk memanaskan air supaya ianya cepat dan selamat. Give reason for your answer.Beri sebab untuk jawapan anda.

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[10 marks]

Earthing system Number of loopSistem pembumian Bilangan Gegelung

Material of heating coilBahan gegelung pemanas

Power of heating coilKuasa gegelung pemanas

P

ConstantanKonstantan

PowerKuasa1000W

VoltageVoltan240V

Q

NicromNikrom

PowerKuasa1 000 W

VoltageVoltan240 V

R

NicromNikrom

PowerKuasa1500 W

VoltageVoltan240V

S

ConstantanKonstantan

Power Kuasa1500 W

VoltageVoltan 240V

T

NicromNikrom

PowerKuasa1000

VoltageVoltan240V

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KELANTAN TRIAL EXAMINATION 2007PHYSICS PAPER 2MARKING SCHEME

1 (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

1°C

So that heat transfer from surrounding to the mercury is faster

Thermal equilibrium is achieved // temperature of hot water = temperature of mercury

Use smaller bulb // use capillary tube with sfiner bore

1

1

1

1

4

2 (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)(i) (ii)

The time taken for half of the unstable atoms to decay // The time taken for the activity of radioactive falls to half of its original activity.

8 days

The activity decreases to 250 count per minute.

Fast moving electron

1

1

1

1

1

5

3.(a)(i)

(ii)

(b)(i)

(ii)

λ = 2 cm

v = λ f = 2 x 10 // 0.02 x 10 = 10 cm s-1 // 0.2 ms-1

Wavelength decreases

Use stiffer spring // use shorter spring // use smaller diameter of spring

1

11

1

1

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(c)

coil // use thick spring // use bob of lower mass

1

6

4 (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Reflection of light

Concave mirror

Virtual, upright and magnified

1

11

1

3

7

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5. (a)

(b) (c)

(d)

(e) (i)

(ii)

(f ) (i)

(ii)

Gravity // weight // friction // tension of rope

Force acting on Diagram 5.3 is bigger

Time taken to move the box in Diagram 5.2 is longer

The acceleration of the box in Diagram 5.3 is bigger

The acceleration increases with force applied

Newtons second law of motion. Acceleration of the box decreases

Acceleration inversely proportional to mass

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

8

6 (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Diagram 5.1 has less number of turns compare to Diagram 5.2

Diagram 5.1 has less deflection of pointer compare to Diagram 5.2

P = North Q = South

The larger the number of turns, the higher the induced current produced.

Faraday’s Law

Increase the speed of the relative motion between the coil and the magnet //Use a stronger magnet

Direct Current Generator (D.C. Dynamo) //Alternating Current Generator (A.C. Dynamo) //Moving coil microphone

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

8

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7 (a)

(b) (i)

(c) (i)

(ii)

(d)

Logic gates are electronic switches with one or more inputs and one output

AND

1

3

1

1

1

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(e)

3

108 (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e) (f)

Resultant force / net force is zero

W = mg = 60 x 10 = 600 N

2T = W 2T = 600 T = 300 N

Method in Diagram 8.2 , tension is lower

½ mv2 = mgh

V2 = 2 gh = 2 x 10 x 2

1

11

3

1

1

2

1

1

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= 40 V = 6.32 ms-1

12

9(a) (i) (ii)

(b) (i)

(ii)

(c)(i)

(ii)

Distance from the optical centre to a focal point.

Lens K is thicker than lens JLight ray is refracted more in lens K than lens J. Focal length of lens K is shorter than lens J.Therefore the thicker the lens, the greater the refraction of light and with that the shorter the focal length of a lens will be

As a magnifying glass.

Enlarge/magnifiedInverted/upside downVirtualChoose lens S as objective lensChoose lens Q as eyepieceLens S is placed in front of lens QThe two lenses are adjusted so that they are in normal adjustment where distance between the two lenses is equal to (fo + fe)

Modification Explanation1. Use low power convex lens as the objective lens.

- Magnification of telescope =

,

Low power lens has a longer focal length, fo , magnification

2. Use high power convex lens as the eye lens

High power lens has a shorter focal length, fe , magnification

3.Use bigger diameter of objective lens

More light permitted to enter the telescope and a clearer image is seen

1

5

1

3

4

6

20

10 (a)

(b)

Unbalance combined magnetic field

The angle of deflection of the ammeter indicator in Diagram 10.2 is bigger than in the Diagram 10.1The moving distance made by the cooper rod in Diagram 10.2 is

1

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(c) (i)

(ii)

(iii)

(d)

(e) (i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

longer than in the Diagram 10.1.

The moving distance of copper rod increases as the force exert on it increases.

The force exert on the rod increases as the size of the electric current increases.

The force exert on the copper rod increases as the strength of catapult field increases.

1. Electric current flow trough copper strips from ZY to WX. 2. Magnetic field produced in the copper strips when the current flows.// Diagram.3. The direction of the magnetic fields is the same. // Diagram 4. The copper rods repel to each other// the copper rods bent// Diagram. 1. The sensitivity of the ammeter can be increased by using a

hairspring of lower stiffness // increasing the strength of the permanent magnet // increasing area of the coil // increasing the number of turns of the coil // smaller mass of the coil and indicator.

2. To produce a larger of rotation of the coil.

1. Using a pair of concave permanent magnet // Diagram.

2. To produced a radial magnetic field.// Diagram.

1. The core used is cylinder in shape. // Diagram.

2. To supply the total magnetic flux uniformly to the coil.

1. Using the soft iron core.// Diagram 2. To concentrate the magnetic flux.// Diagram

2

3

4

10

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1. Using the linear scale.// Diagram.2. Because the angle of the rotation of the indicator is linear.

20

11(a)(i)

(ii)

(b) (i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Pascal’s Principle states that in an enclosed fluid, an externally applied pressure is transmitted uniformly in all direction.

Characteristics explanationType of liquid:-oil

uncompressible

Thickness of brake line:-high

To counter the high pressure from the liquid

The ratio of cross sectional area for wheel piston and master piston:-high

To produce larger force on wheel piston

The chosen of the type of brake for front and rear wheel.:Front wheel : discRear wheel : drum

Disc brake is more efficient than drum brake

Chosen brake system: SReason: it uses oil as the brake liquid, has high thickness of the brake line, the ratio of cross sectional area for wheel and master piston is high, uses disc brake for front wheel and drum brake

- when the small piston, X is pressed down, the pressure is exerted under the piston ,X.- the liquid transmit pressure to all directions and to large piston, Y.-when the pressure acted on larger piston, Y it will produced a large force.-the large force will push the load up

Px = Fx / Ax = 15 N / 0.02 m2

= 750 Nm-2

F = PA = (750)(0.28) = 210 N

Volume of liquid transferred is unchangedA2 x2 = A1 x1

x2 = ( A1 / A2)(x1) = (0.02 / 0.28) (21)

1

10

4

1

2

2

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= 1.5 cm

20

12 (a) (i)

(ii)

(iii)

(b) (i)

(ii)

(iii)

(c)

If the voltage supplied is 12V the power generated is 24W

To give out more heat energy

1. Length of conductor2. cross sectional area3. R is directly proportional to length, l 4. R is inversely proportional to cross sectional area, A

R T = 4 + (4x4) 4+ 4 = 4 + 2 = 6 Ω V = IR = 2 x 4 = 8 V I = 12 = 2A 6

1. Connection to earth 2. to flows the excess / overload current to earth if the is short circuit3. material of heating coil is nichrome 4. to produces high heat energy 5. high number of loop6. to increase surface area so that more heat is released7. high power8. to produce more heat energy in the coil

9. R is chosen10. because is connected to earth, material is nichrome, high number of loop, and has high power.

1

1

4

12

1

10

20

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kelantan-physics p2 and ans-trial spm 2007

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