1. Jenifer Lasimbang Volunteer & Resource Person-PACOS Trust ( www.sabah.net.my/pacos ) Community-based volunteer organization in Sabah Lecturer -School of Engineering and IT Universiti Malaysia Sabah A typical mother and child scene Photo: Adrian Lasimbang An Introduction to Indigenous Peoples of Sabah, Malaysia

2. where is Sabah, Malaysia?

InSoutheast Asia

2nd largestof the 13states in Malaysia

occupies the northern portion of theisland of Borneo,the 3 rdlargest island in the world

Bound by theSouth China Seaon the west and theSulu and Celebes(Sulawesi) seas on the east

Source:http://www.worldswitch.com/Countries/Malaysia/images/MalaysiaM.jpg http:// amf.pocketmovies.net/about/images/Malaysia_map.gif 3. indigenous peoples ThestruggleforSelf-Determination Indigenous peoples today essentiallyseek recognition by government and the international community of their existence ,of their problemsandof their perspective. (Nicholas, 1996) 4. indigenous peoples of Sabah, Malaysia

apre-school childsleeping peacefully on a hammock

ayoung boylooking out from his bamboo house Photos: Jenifer Lasimbang

MAJOR ETHNIC GROUP

DUSUN, MURUT, PAITANIC, BAJAU, MALAYIC

60% OF POP. OF ABOUT 2.6 Million

70% RESIDES IN RURAL AREAS

SUBSISTENCE FARMERS

5. Inside of a long house Weaving tapestry Photos: Jannie Lasimbang 6. Traditional systems of indigenous peoples of Sabah

Belief System

Social System

Cultural System

Educational System

Health System

Political and Administrative System

Judicial System

Economic System

Resource Management System

Agricultural System

7. Belief system Abobohizan(priestess) Abobohizanperforming an oath ritual on a big stonePhotos: PACOS Trust 8. Social system Photo: Jannie Lasimbang During any gatherings, it is common for each family or member of the community to bring and share their food and drinks with others. Among the Kadazandusun community, this is referred to asmizungu(potluck) 9. Cultural system Photo: Adrian Lasimbang The concept of respect for others, humility, tolerance, self-reliance, service andmitabang(labour-sharing or communal work) stems out from deep appreciation of the cultural integrity of a community 10. Educational System A little boy encourage to learn a musical instrument -kulintangan Photo: Jannie Lasimbang Working on paddy fields Photo: Jannie Lasimbang Concept:Children are free to follow their grandparents, parents or other members of the community to any activities in the village 11. Resource Management System Photos: PACOS Trust Principles: Indigenous communities understand that there is a limit to what can be extracted from the natural environment and that they are only custodians of Gods gift 12. Agricultural system Photos: Jannie Lasimbang 13. Issues faced by indigenous peoples Loss of land and user rights to other land Threatened source of livelihood (forest and rivers) Integrity ofadator traditional belief system at stake 14. PACOS WORK AMONG INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN SABAH, MALAYASIA

Location & People

Issues Faced by Communities

Aim and Strategies of PACOS

Programs of PACOS

15. PROJECT SITES 25 AREAS 12 DISTRICTS POPULATION: 500FAMILIES ETHNIC GROUP:KADAZANDUSUN, MURUT, RUNGUS & SUNGAI 16. PROJECT SITES 17. VisionTo create a peaceful and united indigenous communities equipped with knowledge and skills to manage resources and opportunities to support a comfortable lifeMission To raise the overall quality of life of indigenous communities Aim 3 Strengthen positivevalues, cultures, language and belief systems Aim 2 Strengthen indigenous knowledge related to resource management Aim 1 Obtain Native Customary Land titles and secure user rights to other land StrategyHuman resource development and building of peoples organization to raise indigenous peoples capacity to manage livelihood issues Land Campaign Community Education CO Training Socio-Economy Adat& Culture Community Research PACOS AIM & STRATEGIES 18. Board of TrusteePACOS TRUST Management Committee Community Organizing Training Program Socio-economic ProgramCommunity Education ProgramCommunity Research Program Land and Resource Management Program Admin and Finance Unit Income Generation Program Adatand Culture Program Village Subcommittee Village Subcommittee Village Subcommittee Village Subcommittee Peoples Organization Peoples Organization Peoples Organization Village Subcommittee Village Subcommittee Monitoring Unit ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE 19. COMMUNITY ORGANIZING TRAINING 2 YEARS TRAINING (THEORY & PRACTICAL) TRAINEE FROM SELECTED MEMBER OF COMMUNITY TO BUILD AND ENHANCE CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY ORGANISATIONS TO HANDLE ISSUES AFFECTING THEM CURICULUM FOCUS ON COMMUNITY-BASED INTEGRATED RESOURCE MANAGEMENT90 PARTICIPANTS BENEFITED FROM THIS TRAINING SINCE 1989 ESTABLISHED 15 PEOPLES ORGANISATION CURRENTLY TRAINING SEVENTH BATCH OF 15 TRAINEES (COT-7) 20. LAND & NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CUSTOMARY LAND CAMPAIGN SOUGHT LAWYERS HELP FILED PETITION IN COURT SOUGHT PRESS SUPPORT PEACEFUL DEMONSTRATION 21. LAND & NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROTECT AND REPLANT WATERSHED AREAS PROVIDE GRAVITY-FEED WATER SUPPLY MANAGE FISH RESOURCE TRAINING FOCUSED ON COMMUNITY-BASED RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS (Use and Protect) 22. LAND & NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT OF FOREST RESOURCE ANDESTABLISHMENT OF HERBAL GARDENS 23. LAND & NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COMMUNITY RESOURCE MAPPING TRAINING DETERMINE LAND ANDRESOURCE BOUNDARIESWATERSHED BOUNDARIES 24. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FORMED VILLAGE SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROUPS CURRENTLY 20 VSEG ESTABLISHED VILLAGE SUNDRY SHOPS ESTABLISHED MARKETING NETWORK AMONG THE VSEG ORGANISE YEARLY SE MEETING AND WORKSHOPS ORGANISE YEARLY VILLAGE PRODUCT FAIR 25. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TRAINING FOCUSED ON SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (Chemical free farming) and GREEN ECONOMY (e.g. Ecotourism) 26. ADATAND CULTURE ORGANISE YEARLY CULTURAL MEETING ORGANISE YEARLY CELEBRATION OF IP DAY SEMINAR AND WORKSHOP ON ADAT 27. ESTABLISHED 13 PRE-SCHOOL CENTRES SINCE 1993 PRE-SCHOOL CENTRES MANAGED BY PRE-SCHOOL VILLAGE COMMITTEE CURICULUM FOCUSED ON USAGE OF LOCAL LANGUAGE AND CULTURECOMMUNITY EARLY CHILD CARE & DEVELOPMENT 28. ONE WEEK BASIC ECCD TRAINING 6-12 MONTHS PRACTICAL TRAINING AT ECCD CENTRE ON-SITE TRAINING AND MONITORING COMMUNITY EARLY CHILD CARE & DEVELOPMENT 29. COMMUNITY EARLY CHILD CARE & DEVELOPMENT PRODUCE SUITABLE TEACHING MATERIALS 30. COMMUNITY RESEARCH & INFORMATION RESEARCH, DOCUMENTATION AND PUBLICATIONS 31. OTHER ACTIVITIES IP Self Governance WorkshopWildlife Management Integrated Watershed Management AD-HOCTRAINING FOR GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HOST TO CONFERENCES BUILD NETWORK AND SUPPORT FOR OTHER IP ORGANISATIONS 32. SOURCE OF FUNDING INTERNALFAMILIES, FRIENDS, INDIVIDUALS, LOCAL ORGANISATIONS (INNER WHEEL CLUB, LIONS CLUB) EXTERNAL Bernard Van Leer Foundation, UNDP-SGP, SSNC, CIDA, DANCED/DANIDA, IWGIA, HIVOS, CEBEMO 33. introduction some highlights

1) Worked closely with PACOS last 10 years

• Provide assistance for organizations ICT needs

• Continuous training for volunteers/Community Organisers/field staff and admin/finance staff

• Built and maintain organizations website

• Consultation - ICT related activity planning and implementation

2) Case Study/Experiment: Terian Community

• ICT awareness for the community

• Conducted training sessions

• Sourced laptop and a printer

• Follow up training and other related activities

34. Indigenous Peoples Experiments with ICT in Sabah, MalaysiaPilot project : introducing ICT to indigenous peoples of Terian Photos: Adrian Lasimbang 35. Daily activities An old lady putting finishing touch on her basket Photo: Jenifer Lasimbang Part of life carrying fire woods in their baskets Photo: Jenifer Lasimbang 36. processes and activities Establish connections Identify communitiesSeek donations Held community discussions Set up Community Technology Center and present donations Conduct training sessions Evaluations from the communities 37. community discussions Discussionsheld withcommunitiesinvolved in thepilot project,namely, theNampasanandTerian communities Women and children participating in a discussion Photo: Doreen Lasimbang 38. acquire resources

Seek donationsfrom individuals, organizations,andgovernment for thecommunity

(Pictures taken during the presentation of the printer and the laptop that were donated

to the Terian community)

Source: Adrian Lasimbang 39. appropriate resources

providesustainable technologyfor the community

e.g., solar-powered computer systems for communities without electricity

Setting up solar-system components for testing Photo: Jannie Lasimbang 40. trained local technology champions Photo: Jenifer Lasimbang Trained the local champions in the basic maintenance of the solar-powered computer system Adrians sketch of the systems components Adrian explaining how the system works 41. Network of volunteers

Volunteers taking a break from the journey to the remote village of Terian

University student volunteers conducting training at the Terian primary school Photo: Jenifer Lasimbang 42. conducted training sessions

Conductedall training sessionsin thelocal language

Computer termsin theindigenous languagewere created with thehelpof thecommunity members

(Picture: A sample teaching aid for the training sessions)

Source: Jenifer Lasimbang 43. issues and challenges

Motivation for.. the WILL NOTS

for the CAN NOTS Awareness.for the KNOW NOTS N e t w o r k . for the HAVE NOTS R Resource N Network T Training C Community 44. lesson learned Heart of the project is heart of the people Community of Terian from all walks of life, most people arelooking at a computer for the first time in their life Photo:Doreen Lasimbang 45. lesson learned

Experiment involved remote and rural indigenous communities

Build trust with and within communities

Enthusiasm from local champions ensure continued progress

Difficult for communities to initiate efforts they need help

46. project significance

Takes a lot to reach out to them but they are there waiting for IT to be put into their hands

Idea 1: establish regional network of IP ICT volunteers Idea 2: establish guideline what & how to document

ICT is the toolto create and disseminated indigenous contents, documentation of an indigenous culture and knowledge is part of preserving its identity but .

47. Kotohuadan Thank you A beautiful scene of the Crocker Range just before sunset e-buayan to replicate success of e-bario, 2 years to deploy, a lifetime to change lasimbang@hotmail.com