BULETIN OSH Jabatan Kimia Malaysia, Petaling Jaya

Bil 1/2014 Edaran Dalaman Sahaja

EDITORIAL

PENAUNG:

TUAN AHMAD RIDZUAN BIN

IBRAHIM

KETUA PENGARAH KIMIA

PENASIHAT:

PUAN ROSNAH BINTI AWANG

ENCIK HALMI BIN AHMAD

KETUA EDITOR:

DR RAJA A/L SUBRAMANIAM

EDITOR:

WAN SHAHIDA BINTI WAN ALI

ABDUL RAZAK BIN ABU SAMAH

Sekiranya ada sebarang cadangan/idea yang hendak dikongsi bersama kami, sila hantarkan

cadangan anda kepada sraja@kimia.gov.my

Be Safe...Be Biosafe

Pelarut

Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - What Laboratories Need To Know

Galeri—Aktiviti OSH Sepanjang 2013

Galeri— Sekitar Minggu OSH 2013

Handling of Compressed Gas Cylinders

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) OSH 2013 — Kempen Derma Darah

Oleh: Puan Hamidah Naim binti Muhamad Rizam , JKM Petaling Jaya

Oleh: Encik S. Jayasilan, JKMC Melaka

Oleh: Puan Wan Shahida bt Wan Ali , JKM Petaling Jaya

Oleh: Encik S. Jayasilan, JKMC Melaka

Panduan Menangani Tekanan di Tempat Kerja

Oleh: Encik Abdul Razak bin Abu Samah, JKM Petaling Jaya

The intensive biosafety

course in Malaysia was

successfully conducted

by an experienced and

professional Biosafety

Officer from USA. Dr

Robert Heckert from

Robert Heckert Consult-

ing, Jeffery Owens, Hal-

ley Smith, Eric Cook,

LouAnn Burnett and Hil-

lary Hager from Sandia

National Laboratories.

“Advanced Biosafety

Officer Training”

Providing adequate knowledge, information and communication of

biosafety and biosecurity management.

What is the common biological threat?

What should we do?

How to prevent the biological threat?

Scient ist have the obligations not to expose the community and environment with material (biological agents and chemicals) from the laboratory.

Obligations in National f r a m e w o r k h a v e established the effective control of biological a g e n t s a n d t h e establishment of a sustainable laboratory biosafety and biosecurity culture. In addition, International require-ments of Cartagena

Protocol, Bio logical W e a p o n T o x i n Convention, International Health Regulation (IHR) and IATA too shall advocates biosafety and biosecurity cultures in Malaysia.

Therefore, the concept and term of Biorisk Management (BRM) is introduced for the effective ways in the i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f biosafety cultures in an organization.

BE SAFE...BE BIOSAFE

HAMIDAH NAIM BINTI MUHAMAD RIZAM

BIOSAFETY OFFICER

“Biorisk Management(BRM)??” Integration of Biosafety and Biosecurity………...

DEFINITION

Biorisk Management provides the tools in managing biological treats. It can identify, monitor and control the laboratory biosafety and biosecurity aspects of its activities.

Effective management system should be built on the concept of continual improvement. The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle is of the best principle in order to meet the goals.

In order to improve the BRM, an organization needs to focus on the causes of non-conformities and undesirable events. Systematic identification and correction of the system deficiencies leads to improve performance and

Key to a Succesful BRM………...

BIOSAFETY

Measures taken to protect personnel,

community and environment from un-

intentional release of pathogen / toxin

BIOSECURITY

Measures taken to protect the patho-

gen / toxin from threats that may result

in intentional release to cause harm

BIORISK

Integrated management strategies on

safe and secured measures to eliminate/

reduce un-intentional and intentional

release of pathogen / toxin

The Malaysian Biosafety

and Biosecurity Association

(MBBA) is a non-profit

organization based in

Malaysia. The organization promotes

awareness in biosafety and biosecurity

in Malaysia through activities of the

society. In conjunction of promoting

biosafety and biosecurity, MBBA had

organized a short four semester

course, “Advanced Biosafety Officer

Training” that was sponsored by

Biosafety Engagement Programme

(BEP), USA. The training programme was held in Wisma R&D, University of

Malaya.

AMP MODEL

Step 1:

ASSESSMENT

( RISK ASSESSMENT) A systematic process of evaluating the potential risks that may be involved in an activity or undertaking. Simple tools such as Job Safety Analysis (JSA) are useful in identifying and characterizing the risk.

Step 2:

MITIGATION The control measures taken to minimize or eliminate the risk. This will include the administrative controls, engineering controls, SOPs and PPE.

Step 3:

PERFORMANCE BRM shall be based on a continual improvement system. Controls, assurance and improvement shall be the key component in the on-going process.

Key Component of BRM

WHO OWNS THE RISK??

A good risk assessment procedure needs to involve all the laboratory

personnel that handle the biological material.

Where the process/protocol/operation/activity is carried out

STEP 1: Risk Assessment

WHAT

Before you initiate work which presents a risk

A systematic process of evaluating the potential risks

that may be involved in an activity or undertaking

Forms an integral part of a good OSH and biorisk

management plan, determines if existing control

measures are adequate or if more should be done

By those who are most familiar with the activity, project

or equipment being assessed or who create the risk

GOOD SOPs??

A good SOP are clear, concise and user friendly but it will be

meaningless without proper TRAINING.

STEP 2: Mitigation

Performance measurement and analysis of data

The organization shall ensure that appropriate data are determined,

collected and analysed to assess the suitability and effectiveness of the

biorisk management system and to evaluate where CONTINUAL

IMPROVEMENT of the system can be made.

STEP 3: Performance

Why Do We Need Continuous

Improvement …….

1- Avoid recurring incidents or accidents

from happening

2– Improves accountability

3- Ensure safe environment and high

quality of services

4- Meet external standards and

regulations

5- Improved staff morale

6- Allows creative and innovative

solutions

BRM is the solution….

HAMIDAH NAIM BINTI MUHAMAD RIZAM

BIOSAFETY OFFICER

Biorisk Management

for a Safer World

PELARUT

OLEH : S. JAYASILAN, KIMIA MELAKA

Bahan kimia adalah bahan yang sering kali digunakan untuk menjalankan analisis. Menurut artikel Dr. Raymond Agius dari Jabatan Sains Kesihatan Masyarakat Universiti Perubatan Edinburg, mereka yang bekerja di persekitaran industri akan kerap bersentuhan dan terdedah kepada bahan kimia yang mengandungi pelbagai pelarut. Ini sama seperti mereka yang menjalankan analisis di dalam makmal. Pendedahan ini akan menyebabkan pelbagai risiko yang mana boleh membahayakan anggota badan manusia. Bagi menjamin keselamatan dan kesihatan, pengetahuan dan pemahaman mengenai cara pengendalian dan sifat bahan kimia seperti pelarut adalah perlu bagi mengatasi bahaya kimia. Cara pengendalian yang selamat dan betul terhadap bahan kimia dan pelarut yang digunakan, dapat mengatasi bahaya pendedahan terhadap bahan kimia tersebut. Pengendalian di sini bermaksud, penyimpanan, penggunaan di dalam makmal dan pembuangan sisa bahan kimia.

Pelarut (english=Solvent) ialah bahan kimia yang

kebanyakannya digunakan untuk melarutkan, mencairkan dan mengekstrak bahan lain tanpa mengubah bahan tersebut secara kimia (Dr. F Dick, 2006).

Selalunya, pelarut terdapat dalam bentuk cecair tetapi ia juga ada terdapat dalam bentuk pepejal ataupun gas. Merujuk kepada Stanley E. Manahan dalam bukunya yang bertajuk Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry, pelarut berperanan sebagai medium dalam tindak balas kimia. Dalam industri kimia pula, pelarut digunakan untuk proses penulenan, pembersihan, pengasingan dan lain-lain.

APAKAH JENIS-JENIS PELARUT???

Secara umumnya, pelarut terbahagi kepada dua

kategori iaitu;

Aqueous (water-based) Contoh: Air

Organik (hydrocarbon-based) Contoh: Acetone, Benzene, Toluene, Methanol, Hexane, Ethanol dan lain-lain.

Walau bagaimanapun, pelarut organik adalah pelarut yang paling banyak terdapat dan kerap digunakan dalam sesuatu proses kimia.

Kesemua ciri-ciri pelarut boleh memberikan kesan bahaya kepada kesihatan manusia.

Pendedahan yang terlalu kerap kepada pelarut akan membahayakan anggota badan manusia. Merujuk kepada artikel dari Unit Kesihatan Alam Sekitar, Brisbane (2002), ciri-ciri pelarut antaranya ialah;

Meruap:

Pelarut organik terutamanya ialah pelarut yang mempunyai ciri-ciri meruap. Kemeruapan pelarut yang tinggi akan menyebabkan kepekatan wap yang tinggi di udara yang mana akan mendatangkan bahaya kepada kesihatan anggota badan.

Melarut Air dan Lemak:

Pelarut yang melarutkan air dan lemak boleh membahayakan kepada anggota badan manusia melalui penyerapan pada kulit.

Mudah Terbakar dan Meletup:

Pelarut akan mudah terbakar dan meletup jika didedahkan kepada api. Ini akan menyebabkan berlakunya kebakaran.

*Rujukan:

1. Stanley E.M (2001), Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry, 2nd Edition.

2. F.D. Dick. (2006), Solvent Neurotoxicity, Retrieved February 17, 2014 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PM C20781371

3. Brisbane (2002), Organic Solvents, Retrieved February 16, 2014 from http://www.health.qld.gov.av/documents/ehu/2688.pdf

APAKAH ITU PELARUT???

Pelarut mungkin berfaedah kepada sesuatu analisis

yang dijalankan di dalam makmal tetapi kita tidak tahu yang pelarut boleh mendatangkan bahaya kepada anggota badan kita. Menurut sumber daripada portal Canadian Centre for Occupational Safety and Health (CCOSH), pelarut boleh memasuki anggota badan dengan beberapa cara iaitu melalui pernafasan, pemakanan, penyerapan kulit dan juga suntikan.

Merujuk artikel David Wright (2010), pelarut adalah berbahaya kerana pelarut boleh menguraikan lemak. Semakin mudah mereka menguraikan, semakin mudah mereka diserap oleh badan dan lebih berkeupayaan untuk mempengaruhi sistem saraf. Keupayaan untuk menguraikan lemak membuat pelarut berguna dalam industri, tetapi adalah salah satu daripada sebab-sebab utama pelarut begitu berbahaya jika diserap atau ditelan ke dalam badan. Pelarut yang meruap dengan cepat akan membentuk wap di udara, yang mana

MENGAPAKAH PELARUT BAHAYA KEPADA KITA???

mudah dihidu dan kemudian akan melalui aliran darah melalui paru-paru.

Pelarut juga boleh memasuki badan melalui pemakanan apabila pekerja itu menyentuh makanan atau rokok dengan jari yang tercemar. Pelarut yang diserap kulit akan bergerak melalui saluran darah yang mana boleh memberi kesan kepada seluruh badan.

Apabila di dalam badan, pelarut boleh menyebabkan kesan jangka pendek atau masalah jangka panjang selepas pendedahan berulang. Kesan jangka pendek yang dimaksudkan ialah sakit kepala, mengantuk, loya dan dermatitis. Pendedahan kepada tahap pelarut yang tinggi akan menyebabkan seseorang tidak sedarkan diri dan mendorong kepada kematian. Walaubagaimanapun, pendedahan kepada pelarut yang berulang-ulang walaupun pada tahap yang rendah akan menjejaskan otak dan sistem saraf pusat, jantung, hati, paru-paru, buah pinggang dan kesuburan manusia (W. David, 2010).

BAGAIMANAKAH CARA-CARA UNTUK MENGATASI BAHAYA PELARUT???

Cara-cara untuk mengatasi dan mengawal bahaya pelarut adalah seperti;

Sisa Buangan: 1) Bekas sisa buangan pelarut mestilah diletakkan di tempat yang sejuk dan jauh daripada kawasan yang terdedah kepada haba termasuk cahaya matahari. Ini kerana pelarut adalah bahan kimia mudah terbakar dan meletup jika didedahkan kepada api.

2) Tidak memenuhkan bekas sisa buangan pada tahap yang maksimum kerana ia akan menyebabkan sisa buangan tersebut melimpah terutamanya ketika mengangkatnya. 3) Buka penutup bekas sisa buangan dengan berhati-hati dan perlahan-lahan untuk melepaskan gas dari dalam bekas.

*Rujukan:

4. Canadian centre for Occupational Health & Safety (2009), How Workplace Chemicals Enter the Body. Re-trieved February 17, 2014 from http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/how_chem_html.

5. David Wright (2010), Health & Safety; Solvent Health Hazards. Retrieved February 17, 2014 from http://www.satra.co.uk

Perlindungan di Tempat Kerja:

1) Membaca kandungan yang dilabelkan pada bekas bahan kimia dengan berhati-hati. Pastikan memahami amaran yang dinyatakan di label tersebut.

2) Mengendalikan analisis yang menggunakan pelarut di bawah kebuk wasap.

3) Menutupi semua bahagian kulit dengan memakai sarung tangan (gloves) semasa mengendalikan setiap analisis. Juga, memakai baju lengan panjang, seluar panjang, stokin, kasut bertutup dan topi keselamatan (ketika bekerja di luar makmal).

4) Memakai goggles keselamatan dan alat perlindungan diri (PPE) yang lain ketika mengendalikan analisis yang menggunakan bahan kimia yang berbahaya. Basuh dengan sabun dan air jika terkena percikan bahan kimia.

5) Memakai topeng muka semasa mengendalikan analisis terutamanya menggunakan pelarut yang meruap.

6) Elakkan merokok. Jangan merokok ketika bekerja di kawasan yang berkemungkinan terdedah kepada kebakaran.

Kesimpulannya, pendedahan kepada pelarut dan bahan kimia yang lain boleh menyebabkan pelbagai masalah kesihatan

dan keselamatan pekerja. Oleh yang demikian, setiap pekerja mestilah mengambil langkah berjaga-jaga dan mematuhi segala arahan yang telah ditetapkan terutamanya apabila berada di kawasan yang berisiko tinggi kepada bahaya. Cara

pemakaian dan pengendalian semasa analisis di dalam makmal perlulah dititikberatkan demi kepentingan bersama.

Berikut adalah jenis-jenis pelarut beserta ciri-ciri, cara pengendalian dan cara pelupusannya;

*Sumber: http://www.docstoc.com/docs/71.91133/Common-Solvent-Risk-Assessments---COSHH-for-common-solvents

Product Identifier

Pictograms

Signal word

Hazard statement

Precautionary statement

Supplier identification

Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - What Laboratories Need To Know

By: Wan Shahida binti Wan Ali, OSH Unit

What is GHS?

An international system for standardizing and harmonizing

the classification and labelling of chemicals.

A hazard-based system

Provides a hazard communication system comprising

labels and safety data sheets (SDS).

GHS label – A closer look

Why was the GHS developed?

To protect human health and environment during the

handling, transport and use of these chemicals.

Flammable Oxidizing Explosive Toxic Gas Under

Pressure

Environmental

Hazard

Corrosive Irritant Health Hazards

GHS Pictograms

There are nine (9) GHS pictograms.

GHS Signal Words

There are (2) signal words :

Warning & Danger

Used to indicate the relative level of

severity of hazard and alert the reader

to a potential hazard on the label.

Compressed Gas Cylinder is used in many workplaces, including chemical testing

laboratories. Its use involves work processes such as handling, transferring, and storage

of the compressed gas cylinder. There are several hazards that the handler may be

exposed to. According to an article published by the Health and Safety Executive,

accidents involving gas cylinders can cause serious injury or even death. The hazards

that are associated with compressed gases include oxygen displacement, explosion

hazards, toxic effect of some gases, as well as the physical hazards of a ruptured

cylinder. Due to the nature of gas cylinders, special precautions in handling of

compressed gas cylinder are necessary.

Handling of Compressed

Gas Cylinder

:: Definition:

According to an article that authored by

Darrell Hart (2012), Compressed Gas Cylinder is

defined as:

Any contained mixture or material with either an absolute pressure exceeding 275.8 kPa at 21oC or an absolute pressure exceeding 717 kPa at 54oC, or both, or any liquid having an absolute vapor pressure exceeding 275.8 kPa at 37.8oC.

:: uses of compressed gas cylinder:

According to the article of Health and Safety Executive,

United Kingdom (2002), gas cylinders are a convenient way to transport and store gases under pressure. These gases are used for many different purposes including:

Chemical processes;

Soldering, welding and flame cutting;

Breathing (e.g. diving, emergency rescue);

Medical and laboratory uses;

Dispensing beverages;

Fuel for vehicles (e.g. fork-lift trucks);

Extinguishing fires;

Heating and cooking;

Water treatment.

:: CONTENTS AND TYPES

of compressed gas:

Based on the article published by the Office of

Environmental Health and Safety, Virginia

Commonwealth University, there are almost 200

different types of materials in gas cylinders

including;

- Atmospheric gases

- Fuel gases

- Refrigerant gases

- Poison gases

- Miscellaneous gases

Compressed gases are usually divided

into six basic categories. They are:

- Flammable Gases

- Oxygen and Oxidizing Gases

- Acid and Alkaline Gases

- Highly Toxic Gases

OLEH : S. JAYASILAN, KIMIA MELAKA

:: components of compressed gas cylinder :

Compressed Gas Cylinder is equipped with a gas

regulator. According to an article from the University of Saskatchewan, gas regulators are used to reduce the high pressure of a compressed gas cylinder to safe and useable pressure. The main components of a typical gas cylinder and regulator assembly are as shown in Figure 1.

Cylinder regulators have a relief device to prevent excessive pressure from developing. High pressure cylinder regulator gauges have a solid-front,

safety-back construction. When subject to excessively high pressure, the light-metal safety back will blow off to relieve the pressure (Darrell Hart, 2012).

Always use the proper regulator for the gas in the cylinder as they are designed to provide the correct flow rate for that particular gas. Using the wrong regulator may cause some gases to react with the materials inside the regulator. For example, materials used in some regulators are not designed for oxygen and could ignite causing a fire or explosion.

Cylinder Pressure Gauge

Flow Control Valve

Cylinder Valve Delivery Pressure Gauge

Cylinder Connection

Regulator Pressure Adjusting

Cylinder

Figure 1: Main components of a compressed gas cylinder and regulator assembly. Image Darrell Hart (2012).

:: hazardous of compressed gas cylinder :

The handling of compressed gases must be considered more hazardous than the handling of liquid and solid materials because of the following properties unique to compressed gases: pressure, low flash points for flammable gases, low boiling points, and no visual and/or odour detection of many hazardous gases (Matheson, 2011).

a) Pressure Hazards: All compressed gases are hazardous due to the high pressure inside the cylinder. Its hazards may arise as a result

of equipment failure and leakage from sys-tems that are not pressure tight. Damage to the cylinder valve can result in a rapid release of the high pressure gas, propelling the cylinder and causing personal injury and damage to property. Also, diffusion of leak-ing gases may cause rapid contamination of the atmosphere, giving rise to toxicity and rapid formation of explosive concentrations of flammable gases.

b) Fire and Explosion Hazards: Flammable gases such as acetylene, butane and hydrogen can burn or explode under certain conditions. When the leaking gas, especially flammable gases, are allowed to accumulate until their concentration is between their defined Lower Explosion Limit (LEL) and Upper Explosion Limit (UEL), an explosion may occur if there is an ignition source present (Darrell Hart, 2012).

c) Health Hazards: According to article of Darrell Hart (2012), many gases are toxic and can cause serious health problems, depending upon the specific gas, its concentration, length of exposure, and route of entry. Health symptoms of exposure to gases can be immediate, or delayed. Material with low boiling point can also cause frostbite on contact with living tissue. This is common among the cryogenic liquids such as nitrogen and oxygen, but it also can result from contact of the liquid phase of liquefied gases such as carbon dioxide, fluorocarbons, and propylene (Matheson, 2012).

d) Chemical Burn Hazards: Some compressed gases are similar to other chemicals in that they are corrosive, irritating, and highly reactive. They can burn or damage skin on contact, burn the eyes or lungs if inhaled, as well as attack and corrode metals.

HANDLING:

- Read all label information and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) associated with the gas being used.

- Know and understand the properties, uses, and safety precautions of the gas before using the cylinder.

- Use gas cylinders in a vertical position.

- Always double check that the cylinder/gas is the right one for the intended use.

- Wear suitable safety shoes and other personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling gas cylinders. Gas masks should be kept available for immediate use when work-ing with toxic gases.

- Close the cylinder valve and replace dust caps, where provided, or when a gas cylinder is not in use.

- Fit cylinders with residual pressure valves (non-return valves) to reduce the risk of back flow of water or other materials into the cylinder that might corrode it while in use.

- Use compressed gases cylinder only in a well-ventilated area. Toxic, flammable, and corrosive gases should be carefully handled in a hood.

- Open cylinder valves SLOWLY.

- Close valves on empty cylinders and mark the cylinder "empty" with the initials "M.T."

:: PRECAUTIONS:

e) Asphyxiation Hazards: Asphyxiation is the main hazard associated with inert gases such as helium, argon, and nitrogen (Darrell Hart, 2012). If these gases escape undetected into the atmosphere, they can quickly reduce the oxygen level to concentrations below that is required for breathing.

f) Physical Hazards: Compressed gas cylinders can be large, heavy and awkward to handle. Improper handling, or not properly securing cylinders while in use, can cause cylinders to fall, and causing injury to workers. For example, the cylinder valve may hit the worker’s head, especially during transportation.

MOVING:

- Move cylinders using a suitable hand truck or cart. Ensure the cylinder is secured to the cart during transport with a chain or strap.

- Fit suitable protective valve caps and covers to cylinders, before transporting.

- Remove the regulator. Move a cylinder without the regulator attached.

- Use extreme care and restrict the movement of cylinder gas to localize movement on clean, smooth, level stationary surfaces.

- Stay out of the tank’s travel path and also be aware of escape routes should the tank get out of control or start falling.

STORAGE:

- Store cylinders upright with valve outlet seals and valve protection caps in place.

- Gas cylinders must be secured in an upright position by a cylinder stand, clamp, chain or

:: REFERENCE:

Darrell, H. (2012). Compressed Gas Cylinder Safe Handling, Use

and Storage. Workplace Safety and Environmental Protec-tion Article. Retrieved January 23, 2014 from http://wsep.usask.ca/procedures_forms/documents/chemical-safety/Compressed-Gas-Cylinder- Safe-Handling-Use-and-Storage.pdf

Handling, Storage, Use of Compressed Gas Cylinders. (2004). Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Article. Retrieved January 23, 2014 from http://www.airproducts.com/~/media/Files/PDF/company/safetygram-10.pdf

Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety. (2009, October 14). Office of En-vironmental Health and Safety, Virginia Commonwealth Uni-versity Article. The Safe Use of Gas Cylinder. (2002). Health and Safety Executive. Retrieved January 24, 2014

cable at a point approximately 2/3 of the height of the cylinder

- Store cylinders in a dry, cool, well-ventilated, secure area protected from the weather and away from combustible materials.

- Store cylinders away from heavily traveled areas and emergency exits.

- Store cylinders in areas where there are no activities that could damage or contaminate the cylinders.

- Gas cylinders containing flammable gas should not be stored in part of a building used for other purposes.

- Ensure the valve is kept shut on empty cylinders to prevent contaminants getting in.

- Cylinders should not be exposed to continuous dampness, stored near salt or other corrosive chemicals or fumes. Corrosion may damage cylinders and cause their valve protection caps to stick.

Kempen Derma Darah telah diadakan pada 4 September 2013

dan merupakan kemuncak program Minggu OSH 2013. Seramai

84 orang telah hadir untuk menderma darah dan 62 orang telah

melepasi proses saringan untuk menderma pada hari tersebut.

Kempen derma darah ini turut mendapat sambutan kakitangan

Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan (JPJ), Kompleks Mahkamah

Petaling Jaya dan Jabatan Meterologi Malaysia (JMM). Terima

kasih diucapkan kepada semua kakitangan yang memberi

sokongan bagi menjayakan Kempen Derma Darah pada kali ini.

Kumpulan

Darah

Bilangan

Penderma

A 13

B 16

AB 4

O 29

JUMLAH 62

Awam Pelajar Jumlah

Penderma Tetap 41 1 42

Penderma Baru 20 0 20

Jumlah 61 1 62

Sumber:

Unit Pendaftaran Dan Rekod Penderma, Pusat Darah Negara

Jantina Jumlah

Lelaki 31

Perempuan 31

Jumlah 62

PROGRAM BERSAMA PENGANJUR KEMPEN DERMA DARAH

ANJURAN PUSAT DARAH NEGARA

Pada 25 Oktober 2013, seramai empat (4) orang kakitangan Ibu Pejabat Jabatan Kimia Malaysia, Petaling Jaya telah menghadiri Program Bersama Penganjur Kempen Derma Darah anjuran Pusat Darah Negara (PDN), Kuala Lumpur.

Objektif program ini diadakan adalah untuk membawa

para penganjur Kempen Derma Darah melawat Pusat Darah Negara termasuklah cara simpanan darah, ujian-ujian yang dilakukan ke atas darah dan pemprosesan darah kepada kompo-nen-komponen.

Selesai sesi soal jawab, para hadirin dibawa melawat

Pusat Darah Negara termasuk kemudahan penderma darah, Makmal ‘Cord Blood’ dan tempat simpanan bagi kumpulan darah yang sukar didapati seperti ‘Bombay Blood Group’.

PANDUAN MENANGANI TEKANAN

DI TEMPAT KERJA

Tahukah anda?

Setiap daripada kita mempunyai tekanan kerja. Suasana

tempat kerja yang selesa dan selamat meningkatkan

kecekapan mutu kerja dan keseronokan bekerja. Suasana

tempat kerja yang kurang memuaskan boleh mendatangkan

tekanan mental.

Tekanan kerja yang sedikit adalah perlu untuk meningkatkan

daya produktiviti. Jika tekanan di tempat kerja berlebihan, ia

boleh memberi kesan negatif kepada individu sama ada dari

segi mental dan emosi. Masalah peribadi dan keluarga akan

merumitkan lagi kesihatan pekerja.

Antara tanda-tanda tekanan mental adalah :-

Bersikap ganas (panas baran)

Gelisah

Gangguan selera makan

Gangguan tidur

Hilang tumpuan dan motivasi

Kemurungan

ADAKAH ANDA MANGSA TEKANAN MENTAL DI TEMPAT KERJA ?

PUNCA TEKANAN DI TEMPAT KERJA

1. Jenis Pekerjaan

Suasana tempat kerja, tekanan kerja yang berpanjangan dan perubahan cara

pengendalian kerja.

2. Peranan

Kerja dan peranan yang sentiasa berubah-ubah secara kerap atau pekerjaan yang

merbahaya.

3. Perhubungan

Konflik sesama rakan sekerja dan majikan.

4. Kerjaya

Kurang insentif dan penghargaan dari majikan, kecewa terhadap suasana kerja,

Oleh: Abdul Razak bin Abu Samah, Unit OSH

TUJUH LANGKAH MENANGANI TEKANAN

5. Amalkan Komunikasi Berkesan Di Tempat Kerja

Amalkan sifat tegas (assertive) bukan garang (aggressive).

Luahkan pendapat anda secara sopan, tegas dan jelas.

Hormati pandangan rakan sekerja anda.

AKTIVITI OSH SEPANJANG 2013

Minggu OSH 2013

Peringkat Ibu Pejabat

Jabatan Kimia Malaysia ,

Petaling Jaya

2-6 September 2013

Minggu OSH 2013

JKMC Melaka

21-23 Oktober 2013

Minggu OSH 2013

JKMC Perak

24-27 September 2013