history of hadith

Upload: eden-makedonec

Post on 14-Apr-2018

229 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    1/31

    History of hadithFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    (Redirected fromCollections of hadith)

    This article needs additional citations for verification. Please helpimprovethis articlebyadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may

    bechallengedandremoved.(June 2007)

    Hadith

    adth- ( )

    History[hide]

    Prophetic Period

    Post-Prophetic Period

    Categories[hide]

    a

    asan

    af

    Maw

    Maqlb

    Terminology[hide]

    a

    asan

    Musnad

    Muttail

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Collections_of_hadith&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Collections_of_hadith&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Collections_of_hadith&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadith#Prophetic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadith#Post-prophetic_periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.A4asanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.A4asanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadith#Categorization_based_on_reliabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadith#Categorization_based_on_reliabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.A4asanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.A4asanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Musnadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mutta.E1.B9.A3ilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mutta.E1.B9.A3ilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mutta.E1.B9.A3ilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mutta.E1.B9.A3ilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Musnadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.A4asanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadith#Categorization_based_on_reliabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.A4asanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B9.A2a.E1.B8.A5.C4.AB.E1.B8.A5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadith#Post-prophetic_periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadith#Prophetic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Collections_of_hadith&redirect=no
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    2/31

    af

    Muallaq

    Mursal

    Mual

    Munqai

    Munkar

    Shdhdh

    Muarib

    Maw

    Mutawatir

    Ahaad

    Mashhur

    `Aziz

    Gharib

    Marfu`

    Mawquf

    Maqtu'

    Isra'iliyat

    Collections[hide]

    Sunni[hide]

    Al-Kutub Al-Sittah - (The six books)

    Sahih Al-Bukhari ( )

    Sahih Muslim ( )

    Al-Sunan Al-Sughra ( )

    Sunan Abi Dawood ( )

    Sunan Al-Tirmidhi ( )

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.CA.BBallaqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.CA.BBallaqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mursalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.CA.BB.E1.B8.8Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.CA.BB.E1.B8.8Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.CA.BB.E1.B8.8Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Munqa.E1.B9.ADi.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Munqa.E1.B9.ADi.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Munqa.E1.B9.ADi.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Munqa.E1.B9.ADi.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Munkarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Sh.C4.81dhdhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Sh.C4.81dhdhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.E1.B8.8D.E1.B9.ADaribhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.E1.B8.8D.E1.B9.ADaribhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.E1.B8.8D.E1.B9.ADaribhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mutawatirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Ahaadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mashhurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.60Azizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Gharibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Marfu.60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mawqufhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maqtu.27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isra%27iliyathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Kutub_al-Sittahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Sunan_al-Sughrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_Abi_Dawoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_al-Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_al-Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_Abi_Dawoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Sunan_al-Sughrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Kutub_al-Sittahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isra%27iliyathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maqtu.27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mawqufhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Marfu.60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Gharibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.60Azizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mashhurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Ahaadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mutawatirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Maw.E1.B8.8D.C5.AB.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.E1.B8.8D.E1.B9.ADaribhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Sh.C4.81dhdhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Munkarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Munqa.E1.B9.ADi.CA.BBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.CA.BB.E1.B8.8Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mursalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Mu.CA.BBallaqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminology#.E1.B8.8Ca.CA.BB.C4.ABf
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    3/31

    Sunan Ibn Maja ( )

    Others

    Muwatta Imam Malik

    Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal(780855)

    Sunan Al-Darimi (868)

    Shama'il Muhammadiyah often referred to as

    Shamaail Tirmidhi (9th Century)

    Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah (923)

    a Ibn ibbn(965)

    Al-Mustadrak Alaa Al-aan

    Al-Mawd't Al-Kubr(11281217)

    Ra As-lin(12331278)

    Mishkat Al-Masabih (1340)

    Talkhis Al-Mustadrak(12741348)

    Majma Al-Zawa'id (13351405)

    Bulugh Al-Maram (13721449)

    Kanz al-Ummal (16th century)

    Zujajat al-Masabih (19th century)

    Minhaj us Sawi (20th century)

    Muntakhab Ahadith (20th century)

    Shi'a[hide]

    Al-Kutub Al-Arb'ah - (The four books)

    Kitab Al-Kafi ( )

    Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih (

    (

    Tahdhib Al-Ahkam ( (

    Al-Istibsar( )

    Others

    The Book of Sulaym Ibn Qays (7th Century)

    Al-Sahifa Al-Sajjadiyya (678

    713)

    Sharh Usul al-Kafi (?1081)

    Nahj Al-Balagha (10th Century)

    Was'il Al-Sha(17th century)

    Bihar Al-Anwar(17th century)

    Haqq al-Yaqeen (17th century)

    Ain Al-Hayat (17th century)

    Qalam-e-Mowla (?)

    Daim al-Islam (?)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_Ibn_Majahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musnad_Ahmad_ibn_Hanbalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_al-Darimihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shama%27il_Muhammadiyahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamaail_Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Khuzaymahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Great_Collection_of_Fabricated_Traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Great_Collection_of_Fabricated_Traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Great_Collection_of_Fabricated_Traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Great_Collection_of_Fabricated_Traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Great_Collection_of_Fabricated_Traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishkat_al-Masabihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talkhis_al-Mustadrakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majma_al-Zawa%27idhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulugh_al-Maramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanz_al-Ummalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zujajat_al-Masabihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minhaj_us_Sawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muntakhab_Ahadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Kutub_Al-Arb%27ahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab_al-Kafihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_la_yahduruhu_al-Faqihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahdhib_al-Ahkamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Istibsarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Sulaym_ibn_Qayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Sahifa_al-Sajjadiyyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharh_Usul_al-Kafihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahj_al-Balaghahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Was%C4%81%27il_al-Sh%C4%AB%CA%BFahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Was%C4%81%27il_al-Sh%C4%AB%CA%BFahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Was%C4%81%27il_al-Sh%C4%AB%CA%BFahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Was%C4%81%27il_al-Sh%C4%AB%CA%BFahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar_al-Anwarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_of_Certaintyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essence_of_Life_(book)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalam-e-Mowlahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daim_al-Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daim_al-Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalam-e-Mowlahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essence_of_Life_(book)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_of_Certaintyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar_al-Anwarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Was%C4%81%27il_al-Sh%C4%AB%CA%BFahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahj_al-Balaghahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharh_Usul_al-Kafihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Sahifa_al-Sajjadiyyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Sulaym_ibn_Qayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Istibsarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahdhib_al-Ahkamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_la_yahduruhu_al-Faqihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab_al-Kafihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Kutub_Al-Arb%27ahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muntakhab_Ahadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minhaj_us_Sawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zujajat_al-Masabihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanz_al-Ummalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulugh_al-Maramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majma_al-Zawa%27idhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talkhis_al-Mustadrakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishkat_al-Masabihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh_as-Saaliheenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Great_Collection_of_Fabricated_Traditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mustadrak_alaa_al-Sahihainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Hibbaanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Ibn_Khuzaymahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamaail_Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shama%27il_Muhammadiyahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_al-Darimihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musnad_Ahmad_ibn_Hanbalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_Ibn_Maja
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    4/31

    Ibadi[hide]

    Al-Jami' As-Sahih

    Tartib Al-Musnad

    Mu'tazila[hide]

    Comments on the Peak of Eloquence (?1258)

    Related Articles[hide]

    Hadith studies

    Biographical evaluation

    Ahl Al-Hadith

    Jihad in Hadith Criticism of Hadith

    Category

    Portal

    Traditions regarding the life ofMuhammadand the early history of Islam were passed down both orally and

    written for more than a hundred years after the death ofMuhammadin 632. According toMuslims, the

    collection ofhadithor sayings by or about the prophet Muhammad was a meticulous and thorough process

    that began right at the time of Muhammad. Needless to say hadith collection (even in the written form)

    began very early on from the time ofMuhammadand continued through the centuries that

    followed.[1]

    Thus, Muslims reject any collections that are not robust in withstanding the tests of authenticity

    per the standards ofhadith studies. This article goes through the historical evolution of the hadith literature

    from its beginning in the 7th century to present day.

    Contents

    [hide]

    1 Writing in the Pre-Islamic Period

    2 Prophetic Period

    o 2.1 Writing of hadith

    3 Post-prophetic period

    o 3.1 The beginning of systematic hadith collection

    3.1.1 Early written hadith collections

    4 Canonical texts

    5 Contemporary Analysis

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%27tazilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%27tazilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%27tazilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comments_on_the_Peak_of_Eloquence_(book_by_Abd_al-Hamid)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_evaluationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahl_al-Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad_in_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Writing_in_the_Pre-Islamic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Writing_in_the_Pre-Islamic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Prophetic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Prophetic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Writing_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Writing_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Post-prophetic_periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Post-prophetic_periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#The_beginning_of_systematic_hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#The_beginning_of_systematic_hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Early_written_hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Early_written_hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Canonical_textshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Canonical_textshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Contemporary_Analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Contemporary_Analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Contemporary_Analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Canonical_textshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Early_written_hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#The_beginning_of_systematic_hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Post-prophetic_periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Writing_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Prophetic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Writing_in_the_Pre-Islamic_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad_in_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahl_al-Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_evaluationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comments_on_the_Peak_of_Eloquence_(book_by_Abd_al-Hamid)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%27tazilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%27tazilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    5/31

    6 See also

    7 References

    8 Further reading

    9 Notes

    [edit]Writing in the Pre-Islamic Period

    Prior to the advent ofIslam, memorization was the primary means of conveyance of information amongst

    theArabs.[2]

    There were, however, some instances of writing present at that time, including promissory

    notes, personal letter, tribal agreements and some religious literature.[3]

    There were very few Arabs that

    could read or write in the beginning ofMuhammad's era: The majority were unlettered, and according

    toSunnitraditions, so was Muhammad.[4]

    [edit]Prophetic Period

    According toIbn Hajar, During the Prophets lifetime and into the time of theCompanionsand

    olderFollowers, the narrations of the Prophet were not transcribed in a systematic manner. This was due to

    two reasons. The first, was that early on they had been prohibited from doing so, as has been established

    inSahih Muslim,[5]

    lest the hadith become confused with the Quran. The second was due to expansive

    capability of their ability to memorize and because the majority of them were unable to write.[6]

    A possible explanation of aforementioned hadith is that the majority of the companions were illiterate with

    only a few individuals from them able to write. If they were to write, it was unrefined, not conforming to thewritten alphabet. Thus, the prohibition was due to the fear of erring while writing.[7]Another is that the

    prohibition was of writing the Quran with other than it in one place so as to avoid the two from becoming

    mixed up confusing the one reading it. As for writing in its entirety having been prohibited, then this was not

    the case as we see from another hadith, 'Convey what I say.' Present within the command to convey is

    permission to write and record.[8]

    [edit]Writing of hadith

    Despite this, there are a number ofhadiththat indicate the permissibility if not encouragement to write

    down hadith. From them:

    The hadith of Abd Allah ibn Amr who said, I used write everything I heard from the Prophet wanting to

    preserve it. TheQurayshthen prohibited me from doing so, saying, Do you write down everything?

    And the Prophet is human who speaks while angry and pleased? So I refrained from writing and then

    mentioned this to the Prophet. He gestured to his mouth and said, Write, by the one in whose hand is

    my soul! Nothing emanates from this except the truth. [9]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quraysh_(tribe)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quraysh_(tribe)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quraysh_(tribe)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quraysh_(tribe)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_Muslimhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#See_also
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    6/31

    Among theprisoners of wartaken at theBattle of Badrthose who were literate were released after

    each taught ten Muslims how to read and write.[4][10]

    Sahih Bukharistates thatAbd-Allah ibn Amrwrote

    down his hadith.[11]

    A man came to Muhammad and complained about his memory, saying: O Messenger of Allah: We

    hear many things from you. But most of them slip our minds because we cannot memorize them.

    Muhammad replied: Ask your right hand for help.[12]

    Muhammad meant that he should write down what

    he heard.

    When Rafi ibn Khadij asked Muhammad whether they could write what they heard from him, the

    answer came: Write, no harm!.[13]

    Another sources quotes Muhammad advising: "Record knowledge

    by writing."[14]

    During theconquest of Mecca, Muhammad gave a sermon. A man from theYemen, named Abu Shah,

    stood up and said: "O Allahs Messenger! Please write down these [words] for me!" Muhammad

    ordered: "Write for Abu Shah!"[15]

    Muhammad sent a letter which contained commandments about theblood moneyfor murders and

    injuries and the law of retaliation to Amr ibn Hizam.[16]

    This letter was handed down to his great

    grandson, Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad.[4]

    Among other things, like some ofhis letters other head of

    states[citation needed], some scroll transferred to Abu Rafi was handed down to Abu Bakr ibn Abd Al -

    Rahman ibn Harith, belonging to the first generation after the Companions.[4]

    Ibn Hajarsummarized the different ways in which scholars have sought to reconcile those hadith

    prohibiting the writing of hadith and those permitting it, in the first of which he said, The reconciliation

    between the two is that the prohibition was particular to the time in which the Quran was being sent down

    so that it would not become mixed up with other than it and the permission was during other than that

    time."[17]

    [edit]Post-prophetic period

    During the caliphate ofAbu Bakr, the Muslim nation had to deal with therebellion of several apostates. In

    all likelihood, the apostates began to forge hadiths to suit their purposes. For this reason, Abu Bakr, and his

    successor, Umar, were very strict in their acceptance of hadiths as authentic, for fear of accepting a forged

    hadith.[18]

    Among Sunnis,Umar ibn al-Khattabis the primary locus for many accounts about hadith collection. He is

    portrayed by Sunnis as desiring to initiate this project but unwilling to do so, fearing that Muslims might then

    neglect the Qur'an.[19]

    Umar is also said by Sunnis that, due to fear and concerns, he sometimes warned

    people against careless narration ofhadith.[4]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_malakat_aymanukumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_malakat_aymanukumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_malakat_aymanukumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Badrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Badrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Badrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd-Allah_ibn_Amrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd-Allah_ibn_Amrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd-Allah_ibn_Amrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_Meccahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_Meccahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_Meccahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_money_(term)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_money_(term)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_money_(term)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad%27s_letters_to_the_Heads-of-Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad%27s_letters_to_the_Heads-of-Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad%27s_letters_to_the_Heads-of-Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridda_warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridda_warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridda_warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridda_warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad%27s_letters_to_the_Heads-of-Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad%27s_letters_to_the_Heads-of-Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_money_(term)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_Meccahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd-Allah_ibn_Amrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Badrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_malakat_aymanukum
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    7/31

    Muslim historians say that it was thecaliphUthman(the third caliph, or successor of Muhammad, who had

    formerly been one of Muhammad's secretary's), encouraged Muslims to write down the hadith as

    Muhammad (in some instances) had encouraged Muslims to do likewise during his

    lifetime.[20][21][22][23]

    Uthman's labors were cut short by his assassination, at the hands of aggrieved people

    who had come to the capital to seek redressal from the Caliph for the wrongs done by his secretary,

    Merwan ibn Hakam, on 17 June 656 A.D{[24]

    }.The Muslim community (ummah) then fell into a prolonged

    civil war, termed theFitnaby Muslim historians. After the fourth caliph,Aliibn Abi Talib, was assassinated,

    control of the Islamic empire was seized by theUmayyad dynastyin 660A.D/40 A.H.{[25]

    } Illustrating the

    importance hadith in a written format had earned,Ibn Abbasleft behind a camel-load of books, which

    mostly contain what he had heard from Muhammad and otherSahaba.[4][26]

    Of the manycompanions,Abu Hurairahtaughthadithto students, one of whom wasHammam ibn

    Munabbih. Ibn Munabbih wrote down thesehadith, the original manuscripts of which are present even to

    this day in the libraries ofBerlin,BeirutandDamascus.[27]

    Starting thefirst Islamic civil warof the 7th century, those receiving the hadith started to question the

    sources of the saying, something that resulted in the development of theIsnad.[19]

    Muhammad ibn Sirin(d.

    110/728) stated:[19]

    "[the traditionalists] were not used to inquiring after the isnad, but when the fitna occurred they

    said: Name us your informants. Thus if these wereAhl al-Sunnatheir traditions were accepted, but

    if they wereheretics, their traditions were not accepted."

    [edit]The beginning of systematic hadith collection

    The beginning of the systematic collection and compilation ofhadithbegan during the time of the

    second generation of Muslims, that of theFollowers. Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Ubaydullah,

    commonly known asibn Shihab al-Zuhri, was a prolific and prominenthadithnarrator from

    theFollowerswhomIbn Hajaridentified as atabi'i.[28]

    According to Ibn Hajar, Ibn Shihab al-Zuhriwas

    the first to compilehadithat the beginning of the first century after theMigrationacting on the order

    ofUmar ibn AbdulAziz. It was after this that the compilation, then the authoring of books

    ofhadithbecame commonplace, resulting in much good.[29]

    Umayyad rule was interrupted by a second civil war (theSecond Fitna), re-established, then ended in

    758, when theAbbasid dynastyseized the caliphate, to hold it, at least in name, until 1517 (the last

    Caliph was Al-Mutawakkil III 15081517, in Cairo and not in Baghdad).

    Muslim historians say that hadith collection and evaluation continued during the first Fitna and the

    Umayyad period. However, much of this activity was presumably oral transmission from early Muslims

    to later collectors, or from teachers to students.

    The scholars of the Abbasid period were faced with a huge corpus of miscellaneous traditions, some of

    them flatly contradicting each other. Many of these traditions supported differing views on a variety ofcontroversial matters. Scholars had to decide which hadith were to be trusted as authentic narrations

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ummahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ummahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ummahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%60Abd_Allah_ibn_%60Abbashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%60Abd_Allah_ibn_%60Abbashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%60Abd_Allah_ibn_%60Abbashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hurairahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hurairahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hurairahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beiruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beiruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beiruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies#The_sanad_and_the_matnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies#The_sanad_and_the_matnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy_in_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy_in_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy_in_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijra_(Islam)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijra_(Islam)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijra_(Islam)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijra_(Islam)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%E2%80%98unhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy_in_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies#The_sanad_and_the_matnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beiruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hurairahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-islamanswers-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%60Abd_Allah_ibn_%60Abbashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ummahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliph
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    8/31

    and which had been invented for various political or theological purposes. For this purpose, they used

    a number of techniques inhadith studies.[citation needed]

    In AH 134 (751/752),paperwas introduced into

    the Muslim world.[30]

    Generally,Umar IIis credited with having ordered the first collection of hadith material in an officialmanner, fearing that some of it might be lost. Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn HazmandIbn Shihab al-

    Zuhri, are among those who compiled hadiths at `Umar IIs behest.[19]

    [edit]Early written hadith collections

    List of collections ofhadith, in chronological order:

    1. Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri

    2. Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm

    3. Musannaf of ibn Jurayj ?-? CE

    4. Musannafof Ma`mar bin Rashid ?-? CE

    5. Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih 670720 CE

    6. Musannafof `Abd al-Razzaq al-San`ani c. 700 CE

    7. MuwattaofMalik bin Anas 760795 CE

    8. Sufyan al-Thawri

    [edit]Canonical texts

    The efforts culminated withIbn al-Qaisarani's formalization of the Sunni cannon intosix definitivecollections,

    [31][32][33]after having received impetus from the establishment of the Sunnah as the second

    source of law in Islam, particularly through the efforts of the famous jurist Muhammad ibn Idris al-

    Shafi'i.[19]

    The method of criticism and the conclusions it has reached have not changed significantly since the

    ninth century. Even much of modern Muslim scholarship, while continuing to debate the validity or

    authenticity of individual hadiths or perhaps the hadiths of a particular transmitter, employs the same

    methods andbiographicalmaterials.[19]

    The classification of Hadith intosahih (sound), hasan (good)andda'if(weak)was firmly established

    byAli ibn al-Madini(d. 234 AH).[34]

    Later, al-Madini's studentMuhammad al-Bukhariauthored a

    collection that he stated contained only sahih hadith.[34]

    al-Tirmidhiwas the first traditionist to base his

    book on al-Madini's classification.[34]

    [edit]Contemporary Analysis

    In 1848,Gustav Weil, noted thatMuhammad al-Bukharideemed only 4,000 of his original 300,000

    hadiths to be authentic.He was soon followed byAloys Sprenger, who also suggests that many of the

    hadiths cannot be considered authentic.

    [19]

    However, this demonstrates a limited understanding by NonMuslims, of Bukhari's criterion for his Sahih. This is clarified by other statements of Bukhari in which he

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannaf_ibn_Jurayjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannaf_ibn_Jurayjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufyan_al-Thawrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufyan_al-Thawrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_al-Qaisaranihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_al-Qaisaranihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_al-Qaisaranihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_major_Hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_major_Hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_major_Hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shafi%60ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_evaluationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_evaluationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_evaluationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Weilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Weilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Weilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloys_Sprengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloys_Sprengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloys_Sprengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloys_Sprengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Weilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Tirmidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-jamiat-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_evaluationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shafi%60ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_major_Hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_major_Hadith_collectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_al-Qaisaranihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufyan_al-Thawrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannaf_ibn_Jurayjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hadith&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_ibn_AbdulAzizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    9/31

    made it clear that he considered all of the hadith in his authentic, but not all authentic hadith are

    included in his Sahih.Al-Dhahabiquoted Bukhari as saying, "I have memorized one hundred thousand

    authentic hadith and two hundred thousand that are not authentic.'[35]

    Ignaz Goldziherwas a large contributor of innovative theories to the West. The subsequent directionthe Western debate took, a direction which has focussed on the role of hadiths in the origin and

    development of early Muslim jurisprudence, is largely due to the work ofJoseph Schacht.[19]

    The

    Common-Link Theory, invented by Joseph Schacht and widely accepted in modern scholarship,

    argues that hadith authorities knowingly and purposefully placed traditions in circulation with little care

    to support these hadiths with satisfactoryisnads(chains of transmitters). G. H. A. Juynboll, Michael

    Cook and other Schachtians subsequently embraced and elaborated upon this theory. In 2006, Fahad

    A. Alhomoudi in his thesis On the Common-Link Theory[36]challenges the accuracy of Schachts

    founding theory. Because of the interconnectedness of Schachts many theses about hadith and

    Islamic law, the findings of Alhomoudis thesis did not only challenge the significant Common -Link

    Theory in legal hadith studies, but also open the door for scholars to question other important theories

    held by Schacht and his followers with regard to larger issues in Islamic legal history.

    The Turkish government'sDiyanet leri Bakanlhas commissioned a team of scholars atAnkara

    Universityto draft a new compilation ofhadiththat would omit numeroushadithconsidered historically

    inauthentic by these scholars.[37]

    Ibn Shihab al-ZuhriFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Ubaydullah ibn Shihab al-

    Zuhri

    Died AH 124 (741/742)

    Ethnicity Arab

    Era Islamic golden age

    Region Damascus

    Main interest(s) Hadith,sra

    For the geographer fromAl-AndalusseeMohammed Ibn Abu Bakr al-Zuhri

    Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Ubaydullah ibn Shihab al-Zuhri[1]

    (Arabic: ) (died AH 124/741-

    2), usually called simply Ibn Shihab oral-Zuhri. He was a central figure among the early collectors ofsra.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ign%C3%A1c_Goldziherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ign%C3%A1c_Goldziherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Schachthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Schachthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies#The_sanad_and_the_matnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies#The_sanad_and_the_matnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies#The_sanad_and_the_matnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Religious_Affairshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Religious_Affairshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Religious_Affairshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_golden_agehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_golden_agehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Andalushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Andalushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Andalushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Andalushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_golden_agehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Religious_Affairshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_studies#The_sanad_and_the_matnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-L21RHadithCriticism-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Schachthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ign%C3%A1c_Goldziherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_hadith#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabi
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    10/31

    Contents

    [hide]

    1 Life

    2 Relationship with the Umayyads

    3 Views

    o 3.1 Sunni view

    o 3.2 Non-Muslim view

    4 Notes

    5 Further reading

    [edit]Life

    Ibn Sa'd[2]has an account purporting to be in al-Zuhri's own words describing how he left his home

    inMadinah, went toDamascusto seek his fortune and was recruited into the administration of the

    CaliphAbd al-Malik. The Caliph observed that his father had supported Ibn al-Zubayr against him in the

    recent civil war. But the Caliph's policy toward the Zubayrites was reconciliation and his father's politics

    were not held against him.

    No connected account of al-Zuhris life after that has come down to us. There is no evidence he ever again

    lived in Madinah. Abd al-Malik died in AH 86 (705 CE) and al-Zuhri continued to serve the Umayyid court

    the rest of his life. He died in AH 124 (7412 CE).

    In the initial conversation with Abd al-Malik the names of earlier Islamic scholars whom al-Zuhri had come

    in contact with in Madinah are mentioned: 'Abdullah ibn Tha'laba al-'Adawi (though he is disparaged) ,Said

    ibn al-Musayyib,Urwah ibn Zubayr, 'Ubaydullah ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Utba, Abu Bakr ibn 'Abdul-Rahman ibn

    al-Harith, Kharija ibn Zayd ibn Thabit and 'Abdul-Rahman ibn Yazid ibn Jariya. There are many stories

    about the strength of al-Zuhri's learning and all the scholar's in the west who were alive when he died

    quoted from him in their own works.[2]

    Some sources, but not Ibn Sa'd, say that he had a son named Ahmad ibn Abu Bakr al-Zuhri.[citation needed]

    [edit]Relationship with the Umayyads

    Some accuse al-Zuhri of having flattered the Umayyads. He taught the son of CaliphHisham(died AH

    125/743). but this does not mean that he supported the Umayyads uncritically. His relationship with the heir

    to the caliphate Walid (ruled for one year 125 after al-Zuhri's death) was so bad that Walid was only

    restrained from killing him by the Caliph's intervention.[2]

    [edit]Views

    [edit]Sunni view

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Relationship_with_the_Umayyadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Relationship_with_the_Umayyadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Viewshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Viewshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Sunni_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Sunni_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Non-Muslim_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Non-Muslim_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d_al-Baghdadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d_al-Baghdadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d_al-Baghdadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Said_ibn_al-Musayyibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Said_ibn_al-Musayyibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Said_ibn_al-Musayyibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Said_ibn_al-Musayyibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urwah_ibn_Zubayrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urwah_ibn_Zubayrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urwah_ibn_Zubayrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Abu_Bakr_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Abu_Bakr_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Abu_Bakr_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hishamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hishamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hishamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hishamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Abu_Bakr_al-Zuhrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urwah_ibn_Zubayrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Said_ibn_al-Musayyibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Said_ibn_al-Musayyibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d_al-Baghdadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d_al-Baghdadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Non-Muslim_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Sunni_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Viewshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Relationship_with_the_Umayyadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#Lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    11/31

    Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri is regarded as one of the greatest Sunni authorities on Hadith. The leading critics of

    Hadith such asIbn al-Madini,Ibn Hibban,Abu Hatim,Al-DhahabiandIbn Hajar al-Asqalaniare all agreed

    upon his indisputable authority. He received ahadith from manySahaba(Companions) and numerous

    scholars among the first and second generations after the Companions narrated from him.

    In his famous letter toMalik ibn Anas,Laith ibn Sa`dwrites:

    Ibn Shihab would give many contradicting statements, when we would meet him. While if any one

    of us would ask him something in writing, he, in spite of being so learned, would give three

    contradictory answers to the same question. He would not even be aware of what he had said

    about the issue in the past. This is what prompted me to give up what you do not approve of [i.e.

    quoting a narrative on the authority of ibn Shihab].[3]

    [edit]Non-Muslim view

    Harald Motzkiregards al-Zuhri as reliable.[4]

    Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn HazmFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm(Arabic: ) (died 120/737) was an 8th-

    centurySunniIslamic scholarbased inMadinah.[1]

    He is among those who compiled hadiths atUmar IIs behest.[2]Umar asked him to write down all the

    hadiths he could learn in Madinah from 'Amra bint 'Abd al-Rahman, who was at the time the most

    respected scholar of hadiths narrated byAisha.[3]

    Musannaf ibn JurayjFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    This article does notciteanyreferences or sources. Please helpimprove this

    articlebyadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be

    challenged andremoved.(September 2010)

    Musannafof ibn Jurayjis a book byIslamic scholaribn Jurayj, one of the earliesthadith collections.

    Sahifah Hammam ibn MunabbihFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbihis perhaps one of the earliest knownhadith collections,[1]

    by 8th century

    scholarHammam ibn Munabbih. It has been translated, in the 20th century, byMuhammad Hamidullah.

    Muwatta Imam MalikFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Hadith

    adth- ( )

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Hibban&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Hibban&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Hibban&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abu_Hatim&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abu_Hatim&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abu_Hatim&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laith_ibn_Sa%60d&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laith_ibn_Sa%60d&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laith_ibn_Sa%60d&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Motzkihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Motzkihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_scholarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_scholarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_scholarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aishahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aishahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musannaf_ibn_Jurayj&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musannaf_ibn_Jurayj&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musannaf_ibn_Jurayj&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musannaf_ibn_Jurayj&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_scholarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_scholarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Jurayjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Jurayjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Jurayjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbih#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbih#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbih#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Hamidullahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Hamidullahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Hamidullahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Hamidullahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbihhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbih#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_collectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Jurayjhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_scholarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musannafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musannaf_ibn_Jurayj&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musannaf_ibn_Jurayj&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-Hadith_Literature-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aishahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_Muhammad_ibn_Hazm#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_scholarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Motzkihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laith_ibn_Sa%60d&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Dhahabihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abu_Hatim&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Hibban&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Madini
  • 7/30/2019 History of Hadith

    12/31

    History[show]

    Categories[show]

    Terminology[show]

    Collections[show]

    Related Articles[show]

    Category

    Portal

    The Muwaa(Arabic:) is the first written collection ofhadithcomprising the subjects ofMuslim law,

    compiled and edited by theImam,Malik ibn Anas.[1]

    Malik's best-known work,Al-Muwatta was the first legal

    work to incorporate and join hadith andfiqhtogether. The work was received with wide praise.Abu Bakr

    ibn al-`Arabisaid: "The Muwatta is the first foundation and the core, while al-Bukharisbookis the second

    foundation in this respect. Upon these two all the rest have built, such as Muslimandal-Tirmidhi."

    Contents

    [hide]

    1 Description

    2 History

    3 Authenticity

    4 Composition of al-Muwatta

    5 Distinguishing characteristics

    6 Commentaries on Al-Muwatta

    7 References

    8 External links

    [edit]Description

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_of_Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_terminologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malik#cite_note-Risalah-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muwatta_I