hb structure

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NG HONG BIN 0319735 Individual Components (NG HONG BIN 0319735) STRUCTURAL GROUND FLOOR PLAN I had assigned to 1. To analysis minimum 6 beams (each beam must subject to different types of load, i.e. UDL from one or more than one slabs, beam with point load(s) or combination of UDL and PL) 2. To analysis minimum 3 columns (from roof to foundation level)

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Page 1: Hb structure

NG HONG BIN 0319735

Individual Components (NG HONG BIN 0319735)

STRUCTURAL GROUND FLOOR PLAN

I had assigned to

1. To analysis minimum 6 beams (each beam must subject to different types of load, i.e. UDL from one or more than one slabs, beam with point load(s) or combination of UDL and PL)

2. To analysis minimum 3 columns (from roof to foundation level)

Page 2: Hb structure

NG HONG BIN 0319735

Beam Analysis Calculation

1. Ground Floor Beam, C/1-2

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m Dead load on slab B-C/1-2 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam C/1-2 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/3-4 =Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m² x (2m/2) x 2/3 = 2.4kN/m Dead load on C-D/1-4 (one way slab) Load is transferred to beam C/1-2 in one direction. Convert the load into UDL. Dead load from slab C-D/1-4 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for beam D/1-3 = 8.55 + 2.4 + 5.4 + 1.08 = 17.43kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on slab B-C/1-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam C/1-2 in a triangular direction. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Live load from slab B-C/1-2 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m² x (2m/2) x 2/3 = 1kN/m Live load on slab C-D/1-4 (one way slab) Load is transferred to beam C/1-2 in one direction. Convert the load into UDL. Live load from slab C-D/1-4 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) = 2.25kN/m Total Live Load Total for beam C/1-2 = 1+ 2.25 = 3.25kN/m

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for beam C/1-2 = 17.43kN/m x 1.4 = 24.4kN/m

Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for beam C/1-2 = 3.25kN/m x 1.6 = 5.2kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for beam C/1-2 = 24.4 + 5.2 = 29.6kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑M1 =0

= -2m (R2y) + 29.6kN/m(2m)(2m/2) 2m R2y = 59.2kN/m

R2y = 29.6kN

∑Fy =0

= R1y + R2y – 29.6(2) R1y = 29.6kN

Shear Force Diagram At point 1, there is a 29.6kN force acting upwards (+ve). At middle of the beam there is no point load. Hence, UDL was converted into PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 29.6kN/m x 1 = 29.6kN 29.6kN – 29.6kN = 0kN At point 2, there is a 29.6kN force acting downwards (-ve). 0kN – 29.6kN = -29.6kN Bending Moment Diagram At point 1, there is only a line so no area = 0kN At middle of the beam = Area of triangle between 1 and middle = 29.6kN x 1m x 0.5 = 14.8kN/m At point 2 = Area of triangle (+ve) + Area of triangle (-ve) = 14.8kN + -29.6kN x 1m x 0.5 = 0kN/m

Page 5: Hb structure

NG HONG BIN 0319735

Beam Analysis Calculation

2. Ground Floor Beam, D/1-3

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m

Dead load on C-D/1-4 (one way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/1-3 in one direction. Convert the load into UDL. Dead load from slab C-D/1-4 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m Dead load on slab D-F/1-3 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/1-3 in a trapezium form. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/1-3 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) = 3.6kN/m² x (5.3m/2) = 9.54kN/m

Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for beam D/1-3 = 8.55 + 5.4 + 9.54 + 1.08 = 24.57kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on slab C-D/1-4 (one way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/1-3 in one direction. Convert the load into UDL. Live load from slab C-D/1-4 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) = 2.25kN/m Live load on slab D-F/1-3 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/1-3 in a trapezium form. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Live load from slab D-F/1-3 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) = 1.5kN/m² x (5.3m/2) = 3.98kN/m Total Live Load Total for beam D/1-3 = 2.25 + 3.98 = 6.23kN/m

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for beam D/1-3 = 24.57kN/m x 1.4 = 34.4kN/m

Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for beam D/1-3 = 6.23kN/m x 1.6 = 9.97kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for beam D/1-3 = 34.4 + 9.97 = 44.37kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑M1 =0

= -5.3m (R3y) + 44.37kN/m(5.3m)(5.3m/2) 5.3m R3y = 623.18kN/m

R3y = 117.58kN

∑Fy =0

= R1y + R3y – 44.37(5.3) = R1y + 117.58 – 235.16 -R1y = -117.58kN R1y = 117.58kN

Shear Force Diagram At point 1, there is a 117.58kN force acting upwards (+ve). At middle of the beam there is no point load. Hence, UDL was converted into PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 44.37kN/m x 2.65 = 117.58kN 117.58kN – 117.58kN = 0kN At point 3, there is a 117.58kN force acting downwards (-ve). 0kN – 117.58kN = -117.58kN Bending Moment Diagram At point 1, there is only a line so no area = 0kN At middle of the beam = Area of triangle between 1 and middle = 117.58kN x 2.65m x 0.5 = 155.79kN/m At point 3 = Area of triangle (+ve) + Area of triangle (-ve) = 155.79kN + -117.58kN x 2.65m x 0.5 = 0kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Beam Analysis Calculation

3. Ground Floor Beam, D-F/3

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m Dead load on slab D-F/1-3 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D-F/3 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/1-3 =Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m² x (4m/2) x 2/3 = 4.8kN/m Dead load on D-F/3-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D-F/3 in trapezium direction. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/3-4 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for beam D-F/3 = 8.55 + 4.8 + 5.4 + 1.08 = 19.83kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on slab D-F/1-3 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D-F/3 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Live load from slab D-F/1-3 =Live load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m² x (4m/2) x 2/3 = 2kN/m Live load on D-F/3-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D-F/3 in trapezium direction. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Live load from slab D-F/3-4 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) = 2.25kN/m Total Live Load Total for beam D-F/3 = 2+ 2.25 = 4.25kN/m

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for beam D-F/3 = 19.83kN/m x 1.4 = 27.76kN/m

Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for beam D-F/3 = 4.25kN/m x 1.6 = 6.8kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for beam D-F/3 = 27.76 + 6.8 = 34.56kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑MD =0

= -4m (RFy) + 34.56kN/m(4m)(4m/2) 4m RFy = 276.48kN/m

RFy = 69.12kN

∑Fy =0

= RDy + RFy – 34.56(4) RDy = 69.12kN

Shear Force Diagram At point D, there is a 69.12kN force acting upwards (+ve). At middle of the beam there is no point load. Hence, UDL was converted into PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 34.56kN/m x 2 = 69.12kN 69.12kN – 69.12kN = 0kN At point F, there is a 69.12kN force acting downwards (-ve). 0kN – 69.12kN = -69.12kN Bending Moment Diagram At point 1, there is only a line so no area = 0kN At middle of the beam = Area of triangle between D and middle = 69.12kN x 2m x 0.5 = 69.12kN/m At point F = Area of triangle (+ve) + Area of triangle (-ve) = 69.12kN + -69.12kN x 2m x 0.5 = 0kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Beam Analysis Calculation

4. Ground Floor Beam, F/3-4

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m Dead load on slab D-F/3-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/3-4 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/3-4 =Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for beam D/1-3 = 8.55 + 3.6 + 1.08 = 13.23kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on slab D-F/3-4 (two way slab)

Load is transferred to beam D/3-4 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Live load from slab D-F/3-4 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for beam F/3-4 = 13.23kN/m x 1.4 = 18.52kN/m

Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for beam F/3-4 = 1.5kN/m x 1.6 = 2.4kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for beam F/3-4 = 18.52 + 2.4 = 20.92kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑M3 =0

= -3m (R4y) + 20.92kN/m(3m)(3m/2) 3m R4y = 94.14kN/m

R4y = 31.38kN

∑Fy =0

= R3y + R4y – 20.92(3) R3y = 31.38kN

Shear Force Diagram At point 3, there is a 31.38kN force acting upwards (+ve). At middle of the beam there is no point load. Hence, UDL was converted into PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 20.92kN/m x 1.5 = 31.38kN 31.38kN – 31.38kN = 0kN At point 4, there is a 31.38kN force acting downwards (-ve). 0kN – 31.38kN = -31.38kN Bending Moment Diagram At point 3, there is only a line so no area = 0kN At middle of the beam = Area of triangle between 3 and middle = 31.38kN x 1.5m x 0.5 = 23.54kN/m At point 3 = Area of triangle (+ve) + Area of triangle (-ve) = 23.54kN + -31.38kN x 1.5m x 0.5 = 0kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Beam Analysis Calculation

5. Ground Floor Beam, C-F/1

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m

Dead load on D-F/1-3 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam C-F/1 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/1-3 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m² x (4m/2) x 2/3 = 4.8kN/m Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for C-D = 8.55kN/m + 1.08kN/m = 9.63kN/m Total for D-F = 8.55kN/m + 4.8kN/m + 1.08kN/m = 14.43kN/m

Page 15: Hb structure

NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on slab D-F/1-3 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/1-3 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Live load from slab D-F/1-3 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m² x (4m/2) x 2/3 = 2kN/m

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for C-D = 9.63kN/m x 1.4

= 13.48kN/m Ultimate Dead load for D-F = 14.43kN/m x 1.4 = 20.2kN/m Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for D-F = 2kN/m x 1.6 = 3.2kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for C-D

= 13.48kN/m Ultimate load for D-F = 20.2kN/m + 3.2kN/m = 23.4kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑MC =0

= -7m (RFy) + 13.48kN/m(3m)(3m/2) +117.58kN/m x 3m + 23.41kN/m x 4m[(3m + (4/2)] 7m RFy = 881.4kN/m

RFy = 125.91kN

∑Fy =0

= RCy + RFy – 117.58kN – 13.48kN/m(3m) – 23.41kN/m(4m) RCy = 125.71kN

Shear Force Diagram At point C, there is a 125.71kN force acting upwards (+ve). UDL was converted to PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 13.48kN/m x 3m = 40.44kN 125.71kN – 40.44kN = 85.27kN At point D, there is a 117.58kN force acting downwards (-ve). 85.27kN – 117.58kN = -32.31kN UDL was converted to PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 23.4kN/m x 4m = 93.6kN

-32.31kN – 93.6kN = -125.91kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Bending Moment Diagram At point C, there is only a line so no area = 0kN/m At point D = Area of trapezium between C and D = (125.71 + 85.27) x 3 x 0.5 = 316.47kN/m At point F = Area of trapezium between D and F = (32.31 + 125.91) x 4 x 0.5 = 316.45kN/m

316.47kN/m - 316.45kN/m = 0.02kN/m ≈0

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Beam Analysis Calculation

6. Ground Floor Beam, C-F/4

To analyse beam C-F/4, we need to find the PL which comes from both direction which

are beam D/3-4 and beam D/4-5 respectively.

Ground Floor Beam, D/3-4

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall

Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m

Dead load on C-D/1-4 (one way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/3-4 in one direction. Convert the load into UDL. Dead load from slab C-D/1-4 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m Dead load on slab D-F/3-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/3-4 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/3-4 =Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for beam D/3-4 = 8.55 + 5.4 + 3.6 + 1.08 = 18.63kN/m`

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on C-D/1-4 (one way slab)

Load is transferred to beam D/3-4 in one direction. Convert the load into UDL. Live load from slab C-D/1-4 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) = 2.25kN/m Live load on slab D-F/3-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/3-4 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Live load from slab D-F/3-4 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m Total Live Load Total for beam D/1-3 = 2.25 + 1.5 = 3.75kN/m

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for beam D/3-4 = 18.63kN/m x 1.4 = 26.08kN/m

Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for beam D/3-4 = 3.75kN/m x 1.6 = 6kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for beam D/3-4 = 26.08 + 6 = 32.08kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑M3 =0

= -3m (R4y) + 32.08kN/m(3m)(3m/2) 3m R3y = 144.36kN/m

R4y = 48.12kN

∑Fy =0

= R3y + R4y – 32.08(3) = R3y + 117.58 – 235.16 R3y = 48.12kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Ground Floor Beam, D/4-5

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall

Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m

Dead load on C-D/4-5 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/4-5 in a trapezium form. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Dead load from slab C-D/4-5 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for beam D/4-5 = 8.55 + 5.4 + 1.08 = 15.03kN/m`

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on C-D/4-5 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam D/4-5 in a trapezium form. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Live load from slab C-D/4-5 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) = 2.25kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for beam D/4-5 = 15.03kN/m x 1.4 = 21.04kN/m

Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for beam D/4-5 = 2.25kN/m x 1.6 = 3.85kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for beam D/4-5 = 21.04 + 3.85 = 24.89kN/m

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑M4 =0

= -5m (R5y) + 24.89kN/m(5m)(5m/2) 5m R5y = 311.13kN/m

R5y = 62.22kN

∑Fy =0

= R4y + R5y – 24.89(5) R4y = 62.22kN

Hence, PL on beam C-F/4 = PL from beam D/3-4 + PL from beam D/4-5

= 48.12kN + 62.22kN

= 110.34kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

6. Ground Floor Beam, C-F/4

Total Dead Load Diagram

Dead load on Brick Wall Brick Self Weight = Wall height x thickness x density = 3m x 0.15m x 19kN/m³ =8.55kN/m

Dead load on D-F/3-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam C-F/4 in a trapezium form. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Dead load from slab D-F/3-4 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m

Dead load on C-D/4-5 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam C-F/4 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Dead load from slab C-D/4-5 = Dead load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m² x (3m/2) x 2/3 = 3.6kN/m Dead load on Concrete Beam Beam Self Weight = Beam size x concrete density = 0.15m x 0.3m x 24kN/m³ = 1.08kN/m

Total Dead Load Total for C-D = 8.55kN/m + 3.6kN/m +1.08kN/m = 13.23kN/m Total for D-F = 8.55kN/m + 5.4kN/m + 1.08kN/m = 15.03kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Live load on slab D-F/3-4 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam C-F/4 in a trapezium form. Convert the trapezium load into UDL. Live load from slab D-F/3-4 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) = 2.25kN/m

Live load on C-D/4-5 (two way slab) Load is transferred to beam C-F/4 in a triangular form. Convert the triangle load into UDL. Live load from slab C-D/4-5 = Live load on slab x (Lx/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m² x (3m/2) x 2/3 = 1.5kN/m

Total Ultimate Load Diagram

Total Ultimate Dead Load Apply factor of 1.4 to dead load Ultimate Dead load for C-D = 13.23kN/m x 1.4 = 18.52kN/m Ultimate Dead load for D-F = 15.03kN/m x 1.4 = 21.04kN/m Total Ultimate Live Load Apply factor of 1.6 to live load Ultimate Live load for C-D = 1.5kN/m x 1.6 = 2.4kN/m Ultimate Live load for D-F = 2.25kN/m x 1.6 = 3.6kN/m

Total Ultimate load Combining ultimate dead load & ultimate live load Ultimate load for beam C-D = 18.52 + 2.4 = 20.92kN/m Ultimate load for beam D-F = 21.04 + 3.6 = 24.64kN/m

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Load Diagram

Load Diagram

∑MC =0

= -7m (RFy) + 20.92kN/m(3m)(3m/2) +110.34kN/m x 3m + 24.64kN/m x 4m[(3m + (4/2)] 7m RFy = 917.96kN/m RFy =

131.14kN

∑Fy =0

= RCy + RFy – 110.34kN – 20.92kN/m(3m) – 24.64kN/m(4m) RCy = 140.52kN

Shear Force Diagram At point C, there is a 140.52kN force acting upwards (+ve). UDL was converted to PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 20.92kN/m x 3m = 62.76kN 140.52kN – 62.76kN = 77.76kN At point D, there is a 110.34kN force acting downwards (-ve). 77.76kN – 110.34kN = -32.58kN UDL was converted to PL only for calculation of reaction forces. 24.64kN/m x 4m = 98.56kN -32.58kN – 98.56kN = -131.14kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Bending Moment Diagram At point C, there is only a line so no area = 0kN/m At point D = Area of trapezium between C and D = (140.52 + 77.76) x 3 x 0.5 = 327.42kN/m At point F = Area of trapezium between D and F = (32.58 + 131.14) x 4 x 0.5 = 327.44kN/m

327.42kN/m – 327.44kN/m = 0.02kN/m ≈0

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Column Analysis Calculation

Tributary Area Method (Live Load Only)

To determine 3 columns: C5, C6, E6

Structural Ground Floor Plan

(Showing Distribution of load from slab to column)

Based on the UBBL, it states that all rooms in Bungalow are using the live load factor of

1.5kN/m² except for car porch which is 2.5kN/m²

Column Area Live Load

GF C5

(2.5m x 3.5m) + (2.35m x 4m) = 18.15m²

18.15m² x 1.5kN/m²

= 27.23kN

GF C6

4m x 2.35m = 9.4m²

9.4m² x 1.5kN/m² = 14.1kN

CF E6

3.5m x 2.35m = 8.23m²

8.23m² x 1.5kN/m² = 12.35kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Structural First Floor Plan

(Showing Distribution of load from slab to column)

Based on the UBBL, it states that all rooms in Bungalow are using the live load factor of

1.5kN/m².

Column Area Live Load

FF C5

4.85m x 4m = 19.4m²

19.4m² x 1.5kN/m²

= 29.1kN

FF C6

2m x 2.35m = 9.4m²

9.4m² x 1.5kN/m²

= 14.1kN

FF E6

2m x 2.35m = 4.7m²

4.7m² x 1.5kN/m² = 7.05kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Total Live Load Diagram

Structural Roof Plan

(Showing Distribution of load from slab to column)

Based on the UBBL, it states that all rooms in Bungalow are using the live load factor of

1.5kN/m² but assumed live load for roof is taken as 0.5kN/m² and 1.0kN/m² as dead

load given by lecturer. There is no live load on roof floor plan.

Column Area Live Load

FF C5

4.85m x 4m = 19.4m² = 19.4m²

19.4m² x 0kN/m² = 0kN

FF C6

4m x 2.35m= 9.4m²

9.4m² x 0kN/m² = 0kN

FF E6

2m x 2.35m = 4.7m²

4.7m² x 0kN/m² = 0kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Column Analysis Calculation

Tributary Area Method

Column C5

Determine the load acting on column C5

Dead load Roof Level Dead Load Slab 19.4m² x 1.0kN/m² = 19.4kN Roof beam (4m + 4.85m) x 1.08kN/m = 9.56kN Total 28.96kN First Floor Dead Load Walls (4.85m + 8m + 2.35m + 2m) x 8.55kN/m = 147.06kN Slabs 19.4m² x 3.6kN/m² = 69.84kN Beams (8m + 4.85m + 2.35m) x 1.08kN/m = 16.42kN Columns 0.3m x 0.4m x 3m x 24kN/m³ = 8.64kN Total 241.96kN Ground Floor Dead Load Walls 2.35m x 8.55kN/m = 20.09kN Slabs 18.15m² x 3.6kN/m² = 65.34kN Beams (4.85m + 4m) x 1.08kN/m = 9.56kN Columns 0.3m x 0.4m x 3m x 24kN/m³ = 8.64kN Total 103.63kN Total Dead Load 28.96 + 241.96 + 103.63 = 374.55N Apply 1.4 Factor 374.55kN x 1.4 = 524.37kN

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Live load First Floor Live Load Slabs 19.4m² x 1.5kN/m² = 29.1kN Ground Floor Live Load Slabs 18.15m² x 1.5kN/m² = 27.23kN Total Live Load 29.1 + 27.23 = 56.33kN Apply 1.6 Factor 56.33kN x 1.6 = 90.13kN Total Ultimate Dead load + Ultimate Live load 524.37 + 90.13 = 614.5kN Hence, the ultimate load acting on column C5 is 614.5kN.

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Column Analysis Calculation

Tributary Area Method

Column C6

Determine the load acting on column C6

Dead load Roof Level Dead Load Slab 9.4m² x 1.0kN/m² = 9.4kN Roof beam (4m + 2.35m) x 1.08kN/m = 6.86kN Total 16.26kN First Floor Dead Load Walls (2.35m + 2.35m + 4m) x 8.55kN/m = 74.39kN Slabs 9.4m² x 3.6kN/m² = 33.84kN Beams (2.35m + 2.35m + 4m) x 1.08kN/m = 9.4kN Columns 0.3m x 0.4m x 3m x 24kN/m³ = 8.64kN Total 126.27kN Ground Floor

Dead Load Walls (2.35m + 4m) x 8.55kN/m = 54.29kN Slabs 9.4m² x 3.6kN/m² = 65.34kN Beams (2.35m + 4m) x 1.08kN/m = 6.86kN Columns 0.3m x 0.4m x 3m x 24kN/m³ = 8.64kN Total 103.63kN Total Dead Load 16.26 + 126.27 + 103.63 = 246.16kN Apply 1.4 Factor 246.16kN x 1.4 = 344.62kN

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Live load First Floor Live Load Slabs 9.4m² x 1.5kN/m² = 14.1kN Ground Floor Live Load Slabs 9.4m² x 1.5kN/m² = 14.1kN Total Live Load 14.1 + 14.1 = 28.2kN Apply 1.6 Factor 28.2kN x 1.6 = 45.12kN Total Ultimate Dead load + Ultimate Live load 344.62 + 45.12 = 389.74kN Hence, the ultimate load acting on column C5 is 389.74kN

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NG HONG BIN 0319735

Column Analysis Calculation

Tributary Area Method

Column E6

Determine the load acting on column E6

Dead load

Roof Level Dead Load Slab 4.7m² x 1.0kN/m² = 4.7kN Roof beam (2m + 2.35m) x 1.08kN/m = 4.7kN Total 9.4kN First Floor Dead Load Walls (2m + 2.35m) x 8.55kN/m = 37.19kN Slabs 4.7m² x 3.6kN/m² = 16.92kN Beams (2m + 2.35m) x 1.08kN/m = 4.3kN Columns 0.3m x 0.4m x 3m x 24kN/m³ = 8.64kN Total 67.45kN Ground Floor Dead Load Walls (3.5m + 2.35m) x 8.55kN/m = 50.02kN Slabs 8.23m² x 3.6kN/m² = 65.34kN Beams (3.5m + 2.35m) x 1.08kN/m = 6.32kN Columns 0.3m x 0.4m x 3m x 24kN/m³ = 8.64kN Total 94.61kN Total Dead Load 9.4 + 67.45 + 94.61 = 171.46kN Apply 1.4 Factor 171.46kN x 1.4 = 240.04kN

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Live load

First Floor Live Load Slabs 4.7m² x 1.5kN/m² = 7.05kN Ground Floor Live Load Slabs 8.23m² x 1.5kN/m² = 12.35kN Total Live Load 7.05 + 12.35 = 19.4kN Apply 1.6 Factor 19.4kN x 1.6 = 31.04kN Total Ultimate Dead load + Ultimate Live load 240.04 + 31.04 = 271.08kN Hence, the ultimate load acting on column C5 is 271.08kN.