enviromentalhealth..by:othman adil

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Environmental Health 1 By:Othman adil

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1Environmental HealthBy:Othman

adil

2Environmental Health

• Planet supplies us with: food, water, air, and everything that sustains our life.• Historically environmental health focused on

preventing infectious diseases spread by water, waste, food, rodents, and insects.• Expansion of the modern day definition.

• Encompassing all the interactions of humans with their environment and the health consequences of these interactions.

3Water Pollution

Causes:• Rapid growth of human population• Industrial outputs

Contaminants:• toxic chemicals• human and animal excrements • heavy metals • pesticides • silt • fertilizers

Sources of pollution:• Point sources• Non-point sources

4Groundwater

• Groundwater resources are valuable:– Purity– Dependability– Costs of Transportation– Treatment costs

• Groundwater pollution:– Waste storage, treatment or disposal facilities–    Septic systems–    Pipes, materials transport and transfer operation

  

5Water Contaminants

• 1. Biological• Bacteria : Typhoid fever, Cholera, Shigella (dysentery), Salmonella

and E. coli• Viruses: Hepatitis A, poliomyelitis and Rotavirus.

– Resistant to disinfection by chlorination• Protozoans: Giardia Lambia, Cryptosporidium, amoebic dysentery.

– Resistant to disinfection by chlorination

• 2. Chemical• Industrial solvents, pesticides• Lead• Nitrates

6Waste Disposal

•Humans generate large amounts of waste.• Sewage• Septic system• Heavy metal like lead, mercury etc• Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

• Solid waste• Garbage like newspapers, plastic bags

etc.• Sanitary landfill

7Why does sewage need to be treated?

• To improve the quality of wastewater so it can be discharged in waterways without seriously disrupting the aquatic environment or causing human health problems.

8Recreational Waters

In the year 2000, there were 1,266 beach closings, in Southern California, 92% due to elevated bacteria of undetermined causes. The remaining 8% was due to rain advisories and known sewage discharge.

9Global Air Pollution Issues

• Major causes:• Introduction of atmospheric pollutants in unusual

amounts• Changing the concentrations of natural atmospheric

components

• Significant impacts:1. Ozone depletion2. Global warming

10Air Pollution in Los Angeles

• We have some of the worst air in the nation, and the highest number of emergency visits caused by smog and air pollution

• Air pollution contributes to heart disease, lung disease, asthma and lung cancer

11Air Pollutants with Greatest Impact on Health

Outdoor• Ozone• Carbon monoxide• Airborne particles• Nitrogen oxides• Lead• Sulfur oxides• Diesel emissions

Indoor• Smoking• Mold• Dust mites• Radon gas

Solid Wastes

Classification• Municipal• Hazardous

Disposal methods• Unacceptable• Acceptable• Alternatives

13Factors That Contribute to Population Growth

• High fertility rates• Lack of family planning resources• Lower death rates• Population

14Any Questions !!

•Thank You