ekonomi peledakan

ECONOMIC BLASTINGBlasting dianggap Optimum apabila : Safety & Pertimbangan Lingkungan Maximum Kombinasi Cost Drilling/Blasting, Loading/ Hauling, Secondary Blasting & Crushing adalah seminimal mungkin. Pengaruh blasting terhadap slope stability minimal. Mengurangi frequency dan biaya break down dan perbaikan (akibat tight digging). Mengurangi down time dan biaya regular maintenance.

Overal Cost Excavation Cost

Explosives CostCrushing Cost

Drilling CostBLASTING and PRODUCTIVITY

COST ANALYSIS & PRODUCTIVITYI. DRILLING & BLASTING COST DETERMINATION A.Drilling Cost Drilling Cost Parameter Drill Area Preparation Cost Labour & Pattern Layout Cost Drill Equipment & Maintenance Cost Drill Consumable Cost Grouting Cost Drilling Cost per meter / hole Drilling Cost per BCM / tonne Drilling Cost per hour B.Explosives Cost Main Explosives (ANFO & Bulk Explosives) Surface Initiation Trunk Line Delay Detonating Cord MS. Connector Down the hole Primer Cost (Booster & Powergel) In hole delay Explosives Cost per BCM / tonne Explosives Cost per hole

COST ANALYSIS & PRODUCTIVITY (cont.)C. Charging Cost Labour Cost per tonne of explosives Labour Cost per BCM / tonne Labour Cost per holeD. Dewatering Cost Pump Equipment & maintenance cost Liner cost Labour cost Dewatering cost per BCM / tonne Dewatering cost per holeE. Miscellaneous Cost Explosives Magazine Bulk Explosives Bin MMU Cost OSP Cost Miscellaneous Equipment

ANALISA PRODUCTIVITYA. SASARAN OPERATIONAL Aman Overall Cost paling murah Analisa Drilling & Blasting sebagai bagian overall cost. Sempurnakan Blast Design berdasarkan overall productivity & cost effectiveness. Drilling Machine Efficiency

B. BLASTING PERFORMANCE Design peledakan harus didasarkan pada overall productivity (PF & Cost). Cost Record (Drilling, Charging, Blasting) harus diperhatikan pada setiap peledakan. Dibuat Graph Historical Cost.

ANALISA PRODUCTIVITY (cont.)

C. TRACKING PRODUKTIVITAS EXCAVATOR Biaya Excavation Excavation Cost per BCM / tonne Bucket Fill Factor Bucket Filling Time Truck Loading Time Maintenance Time BCM / Tonnes Excavated per Shift Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh Derajat Fragmentasi Type Batuan Pengalaman & Skill Operator Kondisi Alat Kondisi Cuaca

TRACKING CRUSHING PRODUCTIVITY

Tentukan Crushing Cost /Productivity kondisisekarang. Tentukan batasan pada produksi : Oversize Material No Material Available (lack of truck) Screen tersumbat tanah Menentukan pengaruh perbaikan fragmentasi terhadap kenaikan produksi/Productivitas Memonitor power consumption di primary crusher untuk tiap peledakan.

ANALISA PRODUCTIVITY (cont.)E. LAIN - LAIN Toe & Back Break Hitung BCM Digable Memodifikasi Design Peledakan Evaluasi Implikasi Overall Cost terhadap Modifikasi Design.

Sheet1

Consumable Parts

* Lifetime of Bit

* Lifetime of Rod

* Lifetime of Coupling

* Lifetime of Shank

* Lifetime of Drifter

* Other Parts / Filter

Fuel, Oil, Grease

* Liter of Fuel / Hour

* Liter of Oil / HourDRILLING COST

* Kg of Grease / BCM

Depreciation

Mobilization / De~

Man Power

* Operations

* Mechanics

* (Pattern Layout)

Area Preparation

Workshop

Explosives

* ANFO / Bulk Explosives

* Surface Delay

* Inhole Delay

* Primer / Booster

* InitiationEXPLOSIVES COST

* Transport / Insurance

Manpower

Dewatering

* Pump & Maintenance

* Liner

Miscellaneous

* Magazine

* Bulk Explosives Bin

* MMU

* OSP

* Anfo Mixer

* Blasting Machine /

Ohm Meter

Survey

Accomodation

Lighting PlantOTHER COST

Electric Wire

Light Vehicle / Truck

DRILLING & BLASTING COST

Sheet2

TROUBLE SHOOTING

( PERMASALAHAN PELEDAKAN )

PERMASALAHAN YANG TIMBUL

Fly RockGround VibrationAir BlastStemming EjectionDisplacementMuck PileWall ControlFragmentasiDigable Volume

r Lubang Basah (Static/Dinamic Water)33333

KONDISI GEOLOGIr Bidang Perlapisan33333

r Kekerasan (Seismic Velocity)/Tipe Batuan333

r Free Face3333333

r Distribusi Energi3333333

T E K N I SDESIGN PELEDAKANr Tingkat Kemampatan Energi (Confine)3333333

r Tingkat Energi Handak (PF)333333

r Inisiasi / Konfigurasi Delay333333333

r Preparasi Lahan33

PEMBORANr Kedalaman dan Sub Drill3333

EFISIEN BLASTINGr S u d u t33333

r Diameter3333

r Memperhatikan Semua Aspek secara Detail333333333

ATTITUDEr T e l i t i333333333

(SIKAP MENTAL)r Kerjasama333333333

r Semangat Improvement333333333

NON TEKNIS

r Komunikasi Intern Blasting Crew333333333

KOMUNIKASIr Komunikasi antara Blasting Crew dengan333333333

Drilling Crew

r Input dari Group / Personil333333333

Sheet3

TROUBLE SHOOTING







r Free Face3333333





r Preparasi Lahan33


r S u d u t33333

r Diameter3333

EFISIEN BLASTING


ATTITUDEr Teliti333333333



NON TEKNIS



Drilling Crew


Sheet1

Consumable Parts

* Lifetime of Bit

* Lifetime of Rod


* Lifetime of Shank



Fuel, Oil, Grease




Depreciation

Mobilization / De~

Man Power

* Operations

* Mechanics

* (Pattern Layout)

Area Preparation

Workshop

Explosives


* Surface Delay

* Inhole Delay

* Primer / Booster



Manpower

Dewatering


* Liner

Miscellaneous

* Magazine


* MMU

* OSP

* Anfo Mixer


Ohm Meter

Survey

Accomodation


Electric Wire



Sheet2

TROUBLE SHOOTING







r Free Face3333333





r Preparasi Lahan33


EFISIEN BLASTINGr S u d u t33333

r Diameter3333


ATTITUDEr T e l i t i333333333



NON TEKNIS



Drilling Crew


Sheet3

TROUBLE SHOOTING







r Free Face3333333





r Preparasi Lahan33


r S u d u t33333

r Diameter3333

EFISIEN BLASTING


ATTITUDEr Teliti333333333



NON TEKNIS



Drilling Crew


Sheet1

Consumable Parts

* Lifetime of Bit

* Lifetime of Rod


* Lifetime of Shank



Fuel, Oil, Grease




Depreciation

Mobilization / De~

Man Power

* Operations

* Mechanics

* (Pattern Layout)

Area Preparation

Workshop

Explosives


* Surface Delay

* Inhole Delay

* Primer / Booster



Manpower

Dewatering


* Liner

Miscellaneous

* Magazine


* MMU

* OSP

* Anfo Mixer


Ohm Meter

Survey

Accomodation


Electric Wire



Sheet2

TROUBLE SHOOTING




33333

KONDISI GEOLOGI33333

333

3333333

3333333

T E K N I SDESIGN PELEDAKAN3333333

333333

333333333

33

PEMBORAN3333

EFISIEN BLASTING33333

3333

333333333

ATTITUDE333333333

(SIKAP MENTAL)333333333

333333333

NON TEKNIS

333333333

KOMUNIKASI333333333

Drilling Crew

333333333

Sheet3

TROUBLE SHOOTING




33333

KONDISI GEOLOGI33333

333

3333333

333333

T E K N I SDESIGN PELEDAKAN3333333

33333

333333333

33

PEMBORAN3333

33333

3333

EFISIEN BLASTING

333333333

ATTITUDE333333333

(SIKAP MENTAL)333333333

333333333

NON TEKNIS

333333333

KOMUNIKASI333333333

Drilling Crew

333333333

B L A S T I N GADVANTAGES Match for Production Increase Improve Productivity of Loading Unit Provide Flat Loading Point / Working Bench * Reduce Cost of Tyres & Spring Reduce Overall Cost

DISADVANTAGES Permit Environmental In Certain Condition may produce Boulders, * Damage of Vessel of Dump Truck

Cost ComparationBLASTINGBLASTINGLOADINGHAULINGRIPPINGRIPPINGLOADINGHAULINGButX Selection Parameter is not just Rip ability Critical Parameter- Productivity Loading Unit- Productivity Hauling Unit- Productivity Rate/Digging Rate- Maintenance Cost- Down Time- Surface Condition- Overall Cost- Opportunity Coal Exposed

SENSITIVITY ANALYSISLOADER CYCLES TIMELOADING UNIT: EXCAVATORBUCKET CAPCITY: 4.4 Cu.MCYCLE TIME: 0.45 minuts: 27 second

PRODUKTIVITY (27 second/pass)PER HOUR= 50 minutes : 0.45 = 111 cyclesPER DAY= 18 hours/day x 111 cycles/hour= 1,998 cyclesPER YEAR= 300 days x 1,998 cycles/day= 599,400 cycles= 599,400 cycles x 4.4 cu meter

PRODUKTIVITY (28 second / pass)

PER HOUR= 50 minutes : 0.467 = 107 cyclesPER DAY= 18 hours/day x 107 cycles/hour= 1,928 cyclesPER YEAR= 300 days x 1,928 cycles/day= 578,400 cycles= 578,400 cycles x 4.4 cu. Meter= 2,544,960 cu. Meter

VARIANCESPER YEAR= 2,637,360 2,544,960= 92,400 cu meter X 1.5 : 2.4= 57,750 BCMsIF WE WERE CONTRACTOR & PAID : US $ 1 / bcmLOSES = US $ 57,750 / year= Rp. 490,875,000,-

KRITERIA HARTA TETAP

Digunakan dalam operasi

Tidak untuk dijual dalam kegiatan normal perusahaan

Masa manfaat > 1 siklus operasi normal (> 1 tahun)

Nilainya relatif tinggi

NILAI INVESATSI.BIDANG USAHASTRATEGI BISNISSUKU CADANGAN DAN ALAT-ALATPERAWATANUMUR TEKNISKAPASITASTENAGA AHLIPENGALAMAN-PENGALAMAN PERUSAHAANKEBIJAKANINTERNKECEPATAN DAN KELANCARAN KERJAPERBAIKAN MUTUPRESTISE BISNISGAIRAH KERJAEKSTERNPOLITIK, EKONOMISOSIALBUDAYA PAY BACK PERIOD ACCT. RATE OF RETURN DISCOUNTED CASH FLOWPOTENSIKONTINYUITASTREND PENJUALANPESAINGHARGA AKIBAT-AKIBAT JIKA INVESTASI TIDAK DILAKSANAKAN SEWA, ATAU PERBAIKAN YANG LAMA

INVESTAS

INVESTAS

INVESTAS

INVESTAS

INVESTAS

INVESTAS

PENTINGNYA INVESTASI

Penggunaan sumber daya yang relatif besar

Dana ditanam dalam jangka panjang

Unsur ketidakpastian atas hasil pada waktu yad

Keberhasilan atau kegagalan pengembangan perusahaan untuk masa yad tergantuk pada keputusan sekarang

METODE PENILAIAN INVESTASIMetode Jangka waktu pengembalian (Payback Methode)Metode Hasil Pengembalian atas Harta (Accounting Rate of Return)Metode Arus Kas Diskont :b (Discounted Cash Flow)a. Net Present Value (NPV)b. Profitability (PI)c. Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

DEPRESIASIStandard Akuntansi Keuangan

Metode Garis Lurus (Straight Line Depreciation Methode)I SD = P

D = Nilai Depresiasi per tahunI = Nilai InvestasiS = Estimasi Nilai SisabP = Jangka Waktu Nilai Sisa

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