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Page 1: TUISYEN KEMASAN

TUISYEN KEMASANFizik

LATIHAN Februari 2014 1 JAMNama Pelajar: Kelas: Markah :

Section ABahagian A

[ 60 marks ][ 60 markah ]

Answer all questions in this section.Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu keratan rentas bagi sayap sebuah pesawat udara yang sedang bergerak. Sayap pesawat udara itu mengalami daya angkat.

a Namakan bentuk keratan rentas dalam rajah di atas.

[ 1 mark/ markah]b. Pada rajah di atas,

i. Lukis dan labelkan arah aliran udara.[ 1 mark/ markah]

ii. Labelkan kawasan tekanan udara tinggi dan rendah.[ 1 mark/ markah]

iii. Menggunakan anak panah, tunjukkan arah daya angkat F.[ 1 mark/ markah]

c. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah penunu Bunsen menyala dengan nyalaan kuning.

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Yellow flameNyalaan kuning

Air flowAliran udara

OrificeLubang udara

AirUdara

Gas tubeTiub gas

Gas

Jet

i. Terangkan bagaimana nyalaan biru dapat dihasilkan.

[ 3 mark/ markah]ii. Cadangkan one pengubahsuaian kepada penunu itu untuk menghasilkan

nyalaan yang lebih besar. Jelaskan jawapan anda.

[ 2 mark/ markah]iii. Nyatakan prinsip fizik yang digunakan dalam penunu Bunsen.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

Master pistonOmboh utama

Front brakeBrek hadapan

Rear brakeBrek belakang

Brake fluidBendalir brek

PistonOmboh

Brake tubeSalur brek

Brake shoesKasut brek

CylinderSilinder

Brake pedalPedal brek

PistonOmboh

3 (a) (i) Name the physics principle involved in this hydraulic system.Namakan prinsip fizik yang terlibat dalam sistem hidraulik ini.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

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(ii) Explain why this brake system is less efficient if there is air bubble trapped in the brake tube.Terangkan mengapa sistem brek in kurang berkesan jika terdapat gelembung udara terperangkap di dalam salur brek.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) Mark the direction of piston on front brake cylinder and rear brake cylinder in diagram above when the brake pedal is pressed.Tandakan arah gerakan omboh pada silinder brek hadapan dan silinder brek belakang pada rajah di atas apabila pedal brek ditekan.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) A force of 15 N is exerted on the brake pedal. The cross-sectional area master piston, front brake cylinder and rear brake cylinder are 5.0 × 10-4 m2, 6.0 × 10-4 m2 and 5.5 × 10-4 m2 respectively.Satu daya 15 N dikenakan kepada pedal brek. Luas keratan rentas silinder utama, silinder brek hadapan dan silinder brek belakang adalah 5.0 × 10-4 m2, 6.0 × 10-4 m2 dan 5.5 × 10-4 m2 masing-masing.

(i) Calculate the pressure exerted on the oil in the hydraulic brake.Hitungkan tekanan yang bertindak ke atas minyak dalam brek hidraulik itu.

[ 2 mark/ markah]

(ii) Calculate the force that exerted at each of front brake piston.Hitungkan daya yang dikenakan pada setiap omboh brek hadapan.

[ 2 mark/ markah]

(d) Based on diagram above,Berdasarkan rajah di atas,

(i) explain the modification to the size of master piston so that the brake system can function effectively.terangkan ubahsuaian terhadap saiz omboh utama supaya sistem brek dapat berfungsi secara berkesan.

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[ 2 mark/ markah]

(ii) explain why rear brake cylinder on the right and on the left must have same cross-sectional area.terangkan mengapa silinder brek belakang sebelah kanan dan sebelah kiri mesti mempunyai luas keratan yang sama.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

3 Diagram (a) shows a metal block hanging from a spring balance .Rajah (a) menunjukkan satu blok logam tergantung dar sebuah neraca spring .

Diagram (b) shows the metal block immersed in eureka can filled with water .Rajah (b) menunjukkan blok logam itu ditenggelamkan ke dalam bekas eureka berisi air .

Metal blockBlok logam

Eureka canBekas eureka

8.0 N

newtons

6.0 N

newtons

Diagram (a)Rajah (a)

Diagram (a)Rajah (a)

(a) What is the mass of the metal block ?Berapakah jisim blok logam itu ?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

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(b) Based on Diagram (b)Berdasarkan Rajah (b)

(i) What is the apparent loss in weight of the metal block?Berapakah kehilangan ketara berat blok logam itu ?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Explain why the spring balance shows a smaller reading.Terangkan mengapa neraca spring menunjukkan bacaan yang lebih kecil .

[ 1 mark/ markah]

c. Lengkapkan ayat berikut dengan menggariskan perkataan yang betul.Berat air yang tersesar dalam Rajah B adalah(lebih kecil daripada , sama dengan , lebih besar daripada ) kehilangan ketara berat blok logam itu.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

d. Hitungkan isipadu air yang disesarkan itu.[Ketumpatan air = 1000 kg m-3 , g = 10 N kg-1]

[2 marks/ markah]

4Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua bekas berlainan diisi dengan air. Tekanan air pada titik P dan titik Q adalah sama.

Container BBekas B

Container ABekas A

WaterAir

WaterAir

12 cm 12 cm

P Q

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(a) What is the meaning of pressure?Apakah maksud tekanan?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) State one factor that affect the water pressure at point P and Q.Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan air di titik P dan titik Q.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) Calculate the water pressure at point P.[ Density of water = 1000 kgm-3 ]Hitungkan tekanan air pada titik P.[ Ketumpatan air = 1000 kgm-3 ]

[ 2 mark/ markah]

(d) Diagram A shows the water spurt when a hole is made near the base of container B.Rajah A menunjukkan pancutan air apabila satu lubang dibuat berdekatan dengan dasar bekas B.

Container BBekas B

Water spurtPancutan air

Z

WaterAir

12 cm

Diagram B shows the water in container B is replaced by liquid X which has higher density than water.Rajah B menunjukkan air dalam bekas B digantikan dengan cecair X yang mempunyai ketumpatan yang lebih tinggi daripada air.

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Container BBekas B

Z

Liquid XCecair X

12 cm

Sketch the spurt of liquid X in diagram B.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

5 Diagram below shows a dentist chair for children. The chair uses a hydraulic system.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah kerusi untuk mencabut gigi kanak-kanak. Kerusi ini menggunakan sistem hidraulik.

Pedal

Small pistonOmboh kecil

Big pistonOmboh besar

(a) Name the physics principle used in a hydraulic system.Namakan prinsip fizik yang digunakan dalam sistem hidraulik.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) Explain how the chair can be lifted up when the pedal is pressed down?Terangkan bagaimana kerusi itu dapat dinaikkan apabila pedal ditekan ke bawah?

[ 2 marks/ markah]

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(c) Why the system is less effective if air bubbles are present in hydraulic fluid?Mengapakah sistem itu kurang berkesan jika gelembung udara wujud dalam cecair hidraulik?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(d) The cross sectional area of the big piston and the small piston are 100cm2 and 30cm2 respectively. The mass of the chair is 20kg.Calculate the force exerted on the small piston required to lift the child of 30kg.Luas keratan rentas omboh besar dan omboh kecil masing-masing adalah 100cm2 dan 30cm2. Jisim kerusi ialah 20kg.Hitungkan daya yang dikenakan pada omboh kecil untuk mengangkat seorang kanak-kanak berjisim 30kg.

[ 2 marks/ markah]

(e) Suggest the modifications required to the size of piston and the size of the seat so that the chair suitable and safe for the use of adults. Give reasons for your answers.Cadangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan pada saiz omboh dan saiz tempat duduk supaya kerusi ini sesuai dan selamat digunakan untuk orang dewasa. Berikan sebab untuk jawapan anda.

Piston size :Saiz piston :

Reason :Sebab :

Seat size :Saiz tempat duduk :

Reason :Sebab :

[ 4 marks/ markah]

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6 Diagram (a) and Diagram (b) shows two dams with different shapes.Rajah (a) dan Rajah(b), menunjukkan dua jenis empangan yang berbeza bentuk.

WaterAirLakeTasik

AB

Dam wallDindingempanganWater

AirLakeTasik

AB

Dam wallDindingempangan

Diagram (a)Rajah (a)

Diagram (b)Rajah (b)

(a) Based on Diagram(a) and Diagram(b)Berdasarkan Rajah (a) dan Rajah(b)

(i) Compare the dams in Diagram (a) and Diagram (b).Bandingkan empangan pada Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b).

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Compare the pressure at point A and point B in the lake.Bandingkan tekanan pada titk A dan titik B di dalam tasik.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) (i) Based on the answer in a(ii), which dam is stronger?Berdasarkan jawapan di a(ii), empangan yang manakah lebih kuat?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Explain the reasons for your answer in (b)(i).Jelaskan jawapan anda di (b)(i).

[ 2 marks/ markah]

(c) Diagram below shows an apparatus used to remove water from a beaker to a cylinder.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu alat untuk mengalirkan air dari bikar ke

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silinder.

WaterAir

WaterAir

Wooden blockBlok kayu

BeakerBikar

Rubber tubeTiub getah

CylinderSilinder

(i) Name the apparatus shown in diagram above.Namakan alat yang ditunjukkan pada Rajah di atas.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Give a reason why water flows from the beaker to the cylinder as shown in Diagram above.Berikan satu sebab mengapa air mengalir dari bikar ke silinder seperti yang ditunjukkan pada Rajah di atas.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iii) In Diagram below, mark the water level in the cylinder when water stops flowing from the beaker to the cylinder.Pada Rajah di atas tandakan paras air dalam silinder apabila air berhenti mangalir dari bikar ke silinder.

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Wooden blockBlok kayu

BeakerBikar

Rubber tubeTiub getah

CylinderSilinder

7 Diagram below shows a man in a boat filled with goods floating in the sea.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan seorang lelaki di dalam sampan yang berisi muatan terapung di permukaan laut.

A

(a) Explain why the boat does not sink in the sea?Terangkan mengapa sampan tersebut tidak tenggelam ke dalam laut?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) State the principal involved in 4(a).Nyatakan prinsip yang terlibat dalam 4 (a).

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) When the boat entering a river mouth, will the water level on the boat be above mark “A” in Diagram above.Explain your answer.Apabila sampan memasuki muara sungai, adakah paras air pada sampan akan melebihi tanda “A” pada Rajah di atas.Terangkan jawapan anda.

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[ 3 marks/ markah]

(d) If the density of water at river mouth is 1000 kgm-3 and the total mass of the boat, man and goods is 530 kg, calculate the volume of the water displaced.Jika ketumpatan air di muara sungai 1000 kgm-3 dan jumlah jisim sampan, lelaki dan muatan ialah 530 kg, hitungkan isipadu air yang disesarkan.

[ 2 marks/ markah]

8 Diagram below shows an insecticide spray.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah penyembur racun serangga.

Piston

P

R

Q

Omboh

ContainerBekas

holelubang

PushTolak

(a) (i) Which of the region P, Q or R will experience high pressure?Kawasan mana antara P, Q and R akan mengalami tekanan tinggi?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Explain why the region experiences high pressure?Terangkan mengapa kawasan tersebut mengalami tekanan tinggi?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) State the region that experiences the atmospheric pressure?Kawasan mana yang mengalami tekanan atmosfera?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) Explain how the insecticide sprays out of the container.Terangkan bagaimana racun serangga sembur keluar daripada bekas.

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[ 2 marks/ markah]

(d) Name a physics principle involved in the above observation.Namakan prinsip fizik yang terlibat dalam pemerhatian di atas.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

Section BBahagian B

[ 20 marks ][ 20 markah ]

Answer any one question from this section.Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

9 Diagram below shows a hydrometer which is used to measure relative density of liquid.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah hidrometer untuk mengukur ketumpatan cecair.

ScaleSkala

Thin glass tubeTiub kaca sempit

Lead shotsButir-butir plumbum

(a)

(i) Name the principle involved in this instrument.

Namakan prinsip yang terlibat.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Diagram below shows the hydrometer being immersed in liquid P and liquid Q.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan hidrometer dalam cecair P dan cecair Q.

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Liquid QCecair Q

Liquid PCecair P

Compare the density of liquid P and liquid Q.Bandingkan ketumpatan cecair P dan cecair Q.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iii)

Explain how the hydrometer can be made more sensitive.

Terangkan bagaimana hidrometer tersebut boleh dijadikan lebih sensitif.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b)

Diagram below shows a ship marked with Plimsoll lines on the side.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah kapal dengan garisan Plimsoll pada sisinya.

SEAMASTERh

(i) State why these lines are important to ships.Nyatakan mengapa garisan-garisan ini penting kepada kapal.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

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(ii) The weight of ship is 1.5 × 105 N and the density of sea water is 1.15 × 103 kgm-3.State the buoyant force exerted by the sea water on the ship.Berat kapal ialah 1.5 × 105 N dan ketumpatan air laut ialah 1.15 × 103 kgm-3.Nyatakan Daya Julangan oleh air laut kepada kapal.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iii)

Calculate the volume of water displaced by the ship.

Hitungkan isipadu air yang disesarkan oleh kapal.

[ 2 marks/ markah]

(c)

Based on diagram, state the relationship between the height, h, and density of water as the ship sails across seas. ( h is distance between surface of water and deck). Berdasarkan rajah, nyatakan hubungan antara ketinggian, h, dan ketumpatan air apabila kapal berlayar ( h ialah ketinggian antara permukaan air dan dek kapal)

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(d)

Give two suggestions on how the ship can be made more stable.

Cadangkan dua kaedah untuk menjadikan kapal tersebut lebih stabil.

[ 2 marks/ markah]

10Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b) menunjukkan corong tisel yang ditutup dengan kepingan getah dan direndamkan ke dalam silinder penyukat yang mengandungi cecair P yang ketumpatannya adalah 0.8 gcm-3. Sebuah manometer disambungkan kepada corong tisel dengan tiub getah. Kedalaman h1 dan h2 diukur dari permukaan cecair P ke kepingan getah.

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Liquid PCacair P

Water

Mamometer

8 cm6 cmAir

WaterAir

Rubber tubeTiub getah

h1h2

Rubber sheetKepingan getah

Mamometer

Thistle funnelCorong tisel

Diagram (a)Rajah (a)

Diagram (b)Rajah (b)

(a) State the function of manometer?Nyatakan kegunaan manometer?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) Observe Diagram (a) and Diagram (b).Perhatikan Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b).

(i) Compare h1 and h2.Bandingkan h1 dan h2.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Compare the difference in height of the water level in the manometer.Bandingkan perbezaan ketinggian paras air di dalam manometer.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iii) Name the physical quantity that represents the difference in height of the water in manometer.Namakan kuantiti fizik yang mewakili perbezaan ketinggian air dalam manometer.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iv) Relate the answers in 5(b)(i) and 5(b)(ii).Hubung kait jawapan dalam 5(b)(i) dan 5(b)(ii).

[ 1 mark/ markah]

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(v) Relate the depth of the liquid and the physical quantity in 5(b)(iii).Hubung kait kedalaman cecair dengan kuantiti fizik dalam 5(b)(iii).

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) Liquid P with density 0.8 gcm-3 in Diagram is then replaced by liquid Q with density 1.0 gcm-3. Predict what will happen to the difference in height of the water in manometer and give your reason.Cecair P berketumpatan 0.8 gcm-3 dalam Rajah kemudian digantikan dengan cecair Q yang berketumpatan 1.0 gcm-3. Ramalkan apa yang akan berlaku kepada perbezaan ketinggian air dalam manometer dan berikan sebab anda.

[ 2 marks/ markah]

11 Diagram (a) shows a water jet spurts out from a hole in a tall vessel ata distance, d1.Diagram (b) shows an oil jet spurts out from a hole at the same depth in a tall vessel at a distance, d2.Rajah (a) menunjukkan suatu pancutan air keluar dari satu lubang pada satu bekas tinggi sejauh d1.Rajah (b) menunjukkan suatu pancutan minyak keluar dari satu lubang pada satu bekas tinggi pada kedalaman yang sama sejauh d2.

d

–3

1

Hole

= 1000kg m

–3Ketumpatanair = 1000kg m

Tall vesel

Lubang

Bekas tinggi

WaterDensity

d

–3

2

Hole

= 800kg m

–3KetumpatanMinyak = 800kg m

Tall vesel

Lubang

Bekas tinggi

OilDensity

Diagram (a)Rjah (a)

Diagram (b)Rjah (b)

(a) What is the meaning of density?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ketumpatan?

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) Observe Diagram(a) and Diagram(b)

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Perhatikan Rajah(a) dan Rajah(b)

Compare:Bandingkan:

(i) Density of water and oil.Ketumpatan air dan minyak.

[ 1 mark/ markah](ii) The distance d1 and d2.

Jarak d1 dan d2

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) Based on your answer in (b), state the relationship between the density and the pressure liquid.Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (b), nyatakan hubungan antara ketumpatan dan tekanan cecair.

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(d) Diagram below shows the location of a house water tank.Rajah di bawah menunjukkan kedudukan tangki air pada sebuah rumah.

Water tankTangki air

Explain why the water tank should be located on top of the roof.Terangkan mengapa tangi air diletakkan di atas bumbung rumah.

[ 3 marks/ markah]

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END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

ANSWER

1 (a) Aerofoil 1 1(b) (i) Draw the direction of the air flow correctly 1

(ii) Label the region of high and low pressure correctly 1(iii)

Show the direction of the lift force correctly 1 3

Low pressure

High pressure

F

(c) (i) 1. High velocity of gas produce low pressure at the jet2. Higher atmospheric pressure pushes the air inside and mix with the gas3. Enlarge the orifice to allow more air

11

1(ii) 1. Reduce the diameter of gas tube // reduce the size od

the jet2. Higher velocity / lower pressure

11

(iii)

Bernoulli 1 6

10

2 (a) (i) Pascal 12(ii) Transmission of pressure is slower / less effective 1

(b)1 1

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Master pistonOmboh utama

Front brakeBrek hadapan

Rear brakeBrek belakang

Brake fluidBendalir brek

PistonOmboh

Brake tubeSalur brek

Brake shoesKasut brek

CylinderSilinder

Brake pedalPedal brek

PistonOmboh

(c) (i)

A

FP

4100.5

15

= 30000//3×104 N m-2

11 2

(ii) F = PA = 3 × 104 × 6.0 × 10-4

= 18 N

11 2

(d) (i) Decrease the size of master piston so that smaller force is needed to produce high pressure.

11 2

(ii) Piston exert same (magnitude of) force on both wheel 1 1TOTAL 10

3 (a) State the mass correctly0.8kg

1

(b) (i) State the apparent loss in weight correctly2.0N

1

(ii) State the reason correctlybuoyant force // upthrust ( acts on the metal block )

1

(c) Underline the correct wordsequal to

1

(d) Correct expressionV × 1000 × 10 = 2Correct answer and correct unit0.0002 m -3

1 6

4 (a)

Pressure = Area

Force 1

(b) Depth / density /gravity 1(c) P = hpg

= 0.12 × 1000 × 10 = 1200 Pa.

11

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(d)

Container BBekas B

* more than the spurt of water

Z

Liquid XCecair X

12 cm

1

5

5 (a) Pascal’s principle 1(b) When the small piston is pressed down, the pressure is exerted

on the liquid and transmits uniformly to the large piston.The force is produced and pushes the chair up.

1

1 2(c) Some of the force is used to compress air bubbles 1(d)

F=

50030 100

F = 150N

1

1 2(e) Piston size

Increase the cross sectional area of the big piston/ Decrease the size of the small piston.

ReasonTo increase the force (multiplier)/ To withstand higher pressure without cracking

Seat sizeEnlarge the size of the seat

ReasonTo accommodate the larger bodies of adults/ To withstand the heavier adults without damage.

1

1

1

1 4

10

6 (a) (i)

(ii)

The wall of dam in diagram(b) is much thicker at the bottom than at the top and withstand the higher pressure at the bottom of the lake

Pressure at B is higher than at A// vice versa

1

1

(b) (i) Dam in Diagram(b) 1

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(ii) When depth increases, pressure increases.// Thicker at the base can withstand high pressure

1

(c) (i) Siphon system 1(ii) Difference in water level will cause difference in pressure 1(iii)

Beaker

P

Water

Rubber tube

Cylinder

Wooden block

7

7 (a) The upthrust force/buoyance force is greater than total weight of boat/density of the boat is less than density of sea water

1

(b) Archimedes’ Principle 1(c) Yes/water level increase.

Density of water at river mouth less than sea water.Therefore upthrust force less than weight.

111

(d) pVg=5300V =5300/1000(10) =0.53m3

11

7

8 (a) (i) P 1(ii) When the piston is pressed, volume is decreased, which

increases the air pressureApabila omboh ditekan , isipadu berkurang yang menambahkan tekanan udara.

1

(b) R 1(c) An area of low pressure (lower than atmospheric

pressure) occurs at Q.Kawasan bertekanan rendah (kurang daripada tekanan atmosfera)Atmospheric pressure at R forces liquid out spray in the direction of Q.Tekanan atmosfera di R memaksa cecair keluar daripada

1

1

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penyembur dalam arah Q.(d) Bernoulli’s Principle

Prinsip Bernoulli1 6

9 (a) (i) Archimedes’ Principle 1(ii) Liquid Q is denser than liquid P 1(iii) Make the glass tube thinner // longer 1

(b) (i) To indicate (tell) the maximum safe loading of ship in different types of water

1

(ii) 1.5 × 105 N 1(iii) 1.5 × 105 = 1.15 × 103 × V × 10

13.0 m211

(c) h increases as the density of water increases. 1(d)

---

--

Any twoThe hull is widerDo not overload the shipPart of ship beneath water is deeper than part of ship above water levelCenter of gravity of ship is lowCargo is evenly distributed 2

10

10 (a) To measure the pressure 1(b) (i) h1 is higher than h2 1

(ii) difference in height of the water in the manometer in Diagram (a) is higher than Diagram (b)

1

(iii) Pressure 1(iv) The greater the depth of thistle funnel, the greater the

difference in height of the water in manometer / when h increases, the difference in height of the water in manometer also increase.

1

(v) As depth of liquid increases, the pressure also increases. 1(c) 1.

2.

The difference in height of the water in manometer will increaseWhen the density increases, the pressure also increases.

1

1 8

11 (a) (i)(ii)

mass per volume//symboldensity of water>oil//water>oil

11

(b) (i)(ii)

d1>d2

pressure of the water>oil//water>oil11

(c) As the density increases the pressure increases// directly proportional

1

(d) The deeper the water the higher the pressure// p=hpg // p α hThe pressure in the tank > in the house (in the tap)The difference pressure produce force to flow the water // F=PA

111

8

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