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BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH

DAN SEKOLAH KECEMERLANGAN

MODUL PERFECT SCORESEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH

 TAHUN 2011

BIOLOGY

Panel Penyedia:

PN. HASIMAH BT AZIT – SEKOLAH SERI PUTERI CYBERJAYA.

DATIN NORIDAH BT YANGMAN- SM SAINS TUNGKU SYED PUTRA, PERLIS.

PN MAZINAH BT MUDA – SM SAINS TENGKU MUHAMMAD FARIS PETRA, KELANTAN.

TN HJ OTHMAN BIN HJ HASSAN – SM SAINS MUAR, JOHOR.

PN ZALINA BT MOHAMED – KOLEJ ISLAM SULTAN ALAM SHAH, SELANGOR.

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BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN

SEKOLAH KLUSTER KEMENTERIAN

PELAJARANMALAYSIA

2011PERFEC TSCORE

Student’s Module

PREPARED BY:

1. PN HASIMAH BT AZIT – SEKOLAH SERI PUTERI CYBERJAYA.

2. DATIN NORIDAH BT YANGMAN – SM SAINS TUANKU SYED PUTRA, PERLIS.

3. PN MAZINAH BT MUDA - SM SAINS TENGKU MUHAMMAD FARIS PETRA,

KELANTAN.

4. TN HJ OTHMAN BIN HJ HASSAN – SM SAINS MUAR, JOHOR.

5. PN ZALINA BT MOHAMED – KOLEJ ISLAM SULTAN ALAM SHAH, KLANG.

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Paper 2 – Section A:

Structural Questions Marks Studentnotes

1.

(a)

(b)

Diagram 1.1 shows a somatic cell of an insect undergoing meiosis.

Process X R:…………………

Q: ………………

S:…………….......

Diagram 1.1

Label Q, R and S in Diagram 1.1.[3 marks]

In the space below draw chromosome behaviour during metaphase I andmetaphase II.

Metaphase I Metaphase II

[2 marks]

1(a)

1(b)

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(c)

(d)(i)

(d)(ii)

Explain how the process X involves in producing variation in organisms.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

[3 marks]Diagram 1.2 shows the formation of an ovum.

Oogonium (2n)

Primary oocyte (2n)

M

Secondary oocyte (n) First polar body (n)

N

Ovum (n)

Second polar body (n)

Diagram 1.2

What are process M and N?

M :………………………………………………………………………………….

N :…………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks]

Describe the process that occurs if a sperm present at process N.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

1(c)

1(d)(i)

1(d)(ii)

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2.

(a)(i)

(ii)

(b)

Diagram 2 shows the digested food is being carried from small intestine tothe liver and body cell.

Diagram 2

Name process X at the villus.

……………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

Explain ONE adaptation of the villus for the process in (a)(i).

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks]

Vessel P and Q transport digested food from the villi to the liver and bodycells respectively.Name vessel P and vessel Q.

P :……………………………………………………………………………………

Q: …………………………………………………………………………………..[2 marks]

2(a)(i)

2(a)(ii)

2(b)

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(c)

(d)

(e)

3.

Explain what happens to the excessive amino acids in the liver?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….[2 marks]

Digested food are used by the body cells for growth, to form complexcompounds or structural components.State how lipids, amino acid and glucose are used in the cell.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….[3 marks]

Explain what will happen to a person if his liver receives insufficient insulinfrom the pancreas.

………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………..[2 marks]

Diagram 3 shows the structure of respiratory system in human.

Bronchus

P

 Alveolus

Bloodcapillary

Cells

Diagram 3

2(c)

2(d)

2(e)

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(a)

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

(d)

Based on Diagram 3, explain one adaptation of alveolus for efficient gasesexchange.........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

Name P

………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 marks]

Explain the role of P to prevent dirt and bacteria from entering the alveolus.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks]

On Diagram 3, draw labelled arrow ( ) to show the direction of 

• Blood flow

• Oxygen diffusion• Carbon dioxide diffusion

[3 marks]Blood flow= arrow from blood capillary to other side of blood 

capillary 

Oxygen diffusion = arrow from alveolus to blood capillary 

 // arrow from blood capillary to cells

Carbon dioxide diffusion = arrow from blood capillary to alveolus // from cells to blood capillary 

Explain why the diffusion of oxygen occur at the alveolus.

………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………..[2 marks]

 A hard mass of food passing down the oesophagus might indirectlyinterrupt the air supply to lung by pressing on P.Explain how P overcome this problem.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

3(a)

3(b)(i)

3(b)(ii)

3(c)(i)

3(c)(ii)

3(d)

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Structural Questions Marks Studentnotes

4.

(a)(i)

(a)(ii)

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

Diagram 4.1 shows a cross section of a leaf..

P:

Q:

Diagram 4.1

On Diagram 4.1 label the structures P and Q.[2 marks]

Explain the stage of cell organization of the leaf .

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….[2 marks]

Q are important structure in plant transport system.Explain how structure Q in the leaf help in plant transportation.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................[2 marks]

Name the process occurs in (b)(i)......................................................................................................................

[1 marks]

4(a)(i)

4(a)(ii)

4(b)(i)

4(b)(ii)

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(b)(iii)

(c)

Diagram 4.2 shows a longitudinal section of structure Q.

S:…………………

R: ………………. …

Diagram 4.2

On Diagram 4.2 label the structures R and S.[2 marks]

R plays an important role in helping S in the plant transportation.Predict what happen to the plant if structure R is not presence ?

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks]

4(b)(iii))

4(b)(iii))

Diagram 4.3 (a) and 4.3 (b) shows a student removed the ring bark fromthe branch of a woody plant.

Diagram 4.3(a) Diagram 4.3(b)

4(c)

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(d)

5.

(a)

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

(c)

Predict the effect of removing the ring bark from the branch.Explain your answer.

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks]

Diagram 5 shows three types of neurones in the human body.

P

QX

R

Diagram 5

Name neurone P and neurone Q.

P: ......……………………………………………………………………………..

Q :...……………………………………………………………………………….[2 marks]

Name structure X.

……………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

Explain how the transmission of nerve impulse across the X.

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

[3 marks]

Describe the pathway in the reflex action involved the three neuronsabove.……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..[3 marks]

4(d)

5 (a)

5 (b)(i)

5 (b)(ii)

5 (c)

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(d)

6.

(a)

 A dog suddenly barks and chases you. Your heartbeat increasesand your palms become sweaty. You feel so scared and run away.

Based on the above statement describe how endocrine system isinvolved in the ‘fight and flight’ situation.……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

[3 marks]

Diagram 6 .1 shows a part of human brain, kidney and a nephron which

involve in the process of osmoregulation.

Diagram 6.1

What is the function of kidney in osmoregulation ?

……………………………………………………………………………………..

...………………………………………………………………………………....

[2 marks]

5 (d)

6(a)

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(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

(c)

(d)

Individual Y drinks excessive water.What happen to the blood osmotic pressure in his body?

……………………………………………………………………………………..[ 1 mark ]

Explain how hypothalamus and gland M response to the condition in(b)(i) ?

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………[ 2 marks]

If individual Y eating a very salty food, the adrenal gland will release lesshormone Q .What is hormone Q and explain how hormone Q involved in the

mechanism to restore the osmotic pressure of the blood back to normallevels.

…………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..[ 3 marks ]

Explain what happen to the filtrate that flows from glomerulus tocollecting duct?

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

6(b)(i)

6(b)(ii)

6(c)

6(d)

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(e)

Kidney function may be impaired by excessive blood loss, certain poisonsor infectious diseases which can lead to kidney failure.Diagram 6.2 shows a haemodialysis machine which can save a kidneypatient’s life.

Diagram 6.2

Explain how the machine operates.

……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[ 3 marks ]

6(e)

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7.

(a)

(b)

(c)

Diagram 7 shows the changes of four type of hormone which control themenstrual cycle and follicle development in the ovaries.

L M N

Diagram 7

Based on Diagram 7, name the hormone labelled P and R.

P : ..............................................................................................................

R : ..............................................................................................................

[2 marks]

Complete the follicle development in boxes L and N in Diagram 7.

[2 mark]

Based on Diagram 7, explain the relationship between structure M andthe level of hormone S.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

[3 marks]

7(a)

7(b)

7(c)

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(d)

(e)

8.

(a).

If fertilisation occurred, the level of hormones S is maintained and thepregnancy is proceed. Explain the importance of hormone S.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................[3 marks]

If the sperm counts of a husband is too low, artificial insemination can becarried out to overcome this in fertility problem. Discuss the appropriatetechnique should be used.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

Diagram 8 shows a longitudinal section of the reproductive parts of aflower during fertilization.

Diagram 8

On Diagram 8, name the structure P, Q, R and S.[4 marks]

7(d)

7(e)

8(a)

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(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

In the space below, draw a section through the ovule, showing all thecells in R.Label the cell involved in the fertilization.

[3 marks]

What is the significance of having two Q structure in the fertilization.

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

 A farmer spraying hormone X on the tomato’s flower to produce maturetomato.What is hormone X?

…………………………………………………………………………………….[1 marks]

Explain the role of hormone X in the production of mature tomato fruits.

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks]

8(b)(i)

8(b)(ii)

8(c)(i)

8(c)(ii)

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9.

(a)

(b)

(c)

Diagram 9.1 shows the relationship between a cell, chromosome, DNA,genes and bases.

genes

Diagram 9.1

On Diagram 9.1 , mark and label of the following terms :i) DNAii) Basesiii) Chromosomes

[3 marks]

State the chromosome number of the cell shown in Diagram 9.1.

……………………………………………………………………………………

[1 marks]

What can you deduce about genes based on Diagram 9.1?

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

9(a)

9(b)

9(c)

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(d)(i)

(d)(ii)

(d)(iii)

Diagram 9.2 shows parts of a molecule of DNA.

A unit of  ADNA

K  T

G

Diagram 9.2

Name the basic unit of DNA.

……………………………………………………………………………………..

[ 1 mark ]

What is K ?

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[ 1 mark ]Complete the Diagram 9.2, to show that DNA molecule consist of twostrands that joined together by hydrogen bond.

[ 3 marks]

9(d)(i)

9(d)(ii)

9(d)(iii)

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(e)(i)

(e)(ii)

Diagram 9.3 shows chromosomes with the alleles for crosses betweentwo varieties of pea plants: yellow and smooth seed variety, with a greenand wrinkled seed variety. Yellow seed (Y) is dominant over green seed(y) while smooth seed (S) is dominant over wrinkled seed (s).

Diagram 9.3

Based on Diagram 9.3, indicate the pair of alleles found in the F1

generation.

[1 mark]

Determine the phenotype of the offspring in the F1 generation.

……………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

9(e)(i)

9(e)(ii)

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10.

(a)

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

Diagram 10 show the pedigree inheritance of the characteristics,

haemophilia in a family. The characteristics, haemophilia is controlled by

a pair of alleles hh that are linked to the sex chromosomes. H is dominant

to h.

K  L

Q R  S

Diagram 10Key :

Normal male Haemophiliac male

Normal female Haemophiliac female

Explain briefly the characteristics haemophilia.

……………………………………………………………………………………

[1 marks]

What is the genotype of K?

……………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

Explain how to determine the genotype in (b)(i)?

……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………..[2 marks]

10(a)

10(b)(i)

10(b)(ii)

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(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

(c)(iii)

(d)

State the genotypes and gametes for the parent in the third generation.

Female x Male

Phenotype : Normal   Normal

Genotype : ………………….. …………………..

Gamete : ………………….. …………………..

[2 marks]

Q and R are sisters and are normal. They are found to have differentgenotypes. Explain why?

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

[2marks]

If a haemophilic female marries the child S in the third generation, what isthe probability of obtaining children that are haemophiliac?. Explainyour answer by constructing a genetic diagram for this inheritance.

[4 marks]

Sex-linked trait such as haemophilia and colour-blindness are usually

associated with males. Explain why?

…………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks]

10(c)(i)

10(c)(ii)

10(c)(iii)

10(d)

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PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY

BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN

SEKOLAH KECEMERLANGAN

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

2011PERFEC 

SCORE

Student’s Module

Paper2

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PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY

Section

B

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Paper 2 – Section B:

1. Diagram 1.1 show the human digestive system and Diagram 1.2 show the structure

inside organ P.

Organ R

Organ P

Diagram 1.1

Diagram 1.2

No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

1(a)(i)

Explain the process of absorption of glucose and amino acids inOrgan P.

[4 marks]

1(a)(ii)

Explain three structural adaptation of Organ P for effectiveabsorption of food

[6 marks]

1(b) Describe the process of assimilation in organ R.

[10 marks]

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2. Diagram 2 shows various processed food on a supermarket shelf.

Salted plum Potato chips Prawn crackers

Diagram 2

No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

2(a) Based on your biology knowledge,

Explain the good and the bad of food processing on human being.

[10 marks]

(b) Explain the food processing methods which are related to thefactors that cause food spoilage.

[ 10 marks]

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No Essay Questions Marks Studentnotes

3 Diagram 3 shows roots of plants found in mangrove swamp.

Pneumatophore

Diagram 3

Discuss how these roots are adapted for stability, salt tolerance and

less oxygen of water logged mangrove swamp soil.

[10 marks] 

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No Essay Questions Marks Studentnotes

4. Diagram 4 shows part of a nitrogen cycle .

Nitrogen in theatmosphere

Nitrogen fixation bymicroorganisms in plant

Substance K

Nitrites Nitrogencompounds in

plants

 Ammonium Nitrogen

compounds compounds inanimals

Diagram 4

(a)(i) The atmospheric nitrogen cannot be absorbed directly by plants.Based on Diagram 4, state two form of nitrogenous compounds thatcan be absorbed directly by plants and explain how a deficiency of substances K in the soil affect the growth of the plants.

[ 4 marks]

(ii) Based on Diagram 4, explain role of the microorganism in nitrogencycle.

[6 marks]

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No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

5.

(a)

Diagram 5 shows the eutrophication process that occurs to a lakedue to the human activities.

Based on the Diagram 5, explain what is meant by`eutrophication`

[10 marks]

(b) Explain how each of the following can reduce water pollution:

(i) Treating sewage(ii) Using organic fertilizers rather than inorganic ones.

[6 marks]

(c) Explain how deforestation of rainforest can cause flash flood.

[4 marks]

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No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

6 Diagram 6 shows the mankind activities.

Based on your knowledge in biology, explain the effects of theactivities to the mankind and their surroundings. Suggest theways to overcome this problem.

[12 marks]

.

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7 Diagram 7.1 shows the ozone layer in atmosphere that protects earth from ultraviolet raysfrom the sun.

Solar radiationSinaran suria

StratosphereStratosfera

Ozone layer Lapisan ozon

Harmfulultraviolet radiationSinaran ultra ungu 

berbahaya

TroposphereTrofosfera

EarthBumi 

Diagram 7.1

No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

7(a) Describe how the ozone layer becomes thinner. Discussits effects on humans and the environment and suggestthe ways to solve these problems.

[10 marks ]

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Diagram 7.2

No Essay Questions Marks Studentnotes

7 (b) Diagram 7.2 shows a phenomenon X that occurs fromair pollution. Describe the formation and the effects of the phenomenon on agriculture and aquaticecosystem.

[10 marks]

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8. Diagram 8 shows three types of neurone in individual A.

X  Neurone P

 Neurone Q

 Neurone R 

Diagram 8No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

8 (a)

Describe the process X in Diagram 8

[4 marks]

(b)

 After an accident , individual A doesn’t experienceany response to hot object.

Explain the above situation.

[6 marks]

No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

9

Mr. Q is married to Mrs. Q for more than 10 years but didnot have any child due to low sperm count in Mr. Q.

Mr. and Mrs. V have 6 children in 12 years of marriage.

Mrs. V has high blood pressure and heart problem, sothey decided not to have any more kids.

Explain how reproduction technologies able to help thesetwo families.

[10 marks]

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No Essay Questions Mark Student notes

10. The variation of ABO blood group determined by threedifferent alleles, but an individual carry only two of the threeallele.

With s ch e m a t ic d ia g r a m , explain the possibilities of the b lo o dg ro u p and g e n oty p e s of the offspring if the father’s bloodgroup is A and the mother’s blood group is AB.

[10 marks]

No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

11.(a).

Diagram 11.1 shows a group of boys with different height andDiagram 11.2 shows the various types of fingerprints.

Diagram 11.1 Diagram 11.2

Based on the biology knowledge, identify the variation andexplain the similarities and differences in Diagram 11.1 and

Diagram 11.2.

[10 marks]

(b). Diagram 11.3 shows the variants P, Q and R of a species of fish.

Describe how the variation occurs in the species of fish.

[10 marks]

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No Essay Questions Marks Student notes

12 Diagram 12.1 shows a mangrove swamp forest and Diagram 12.2shows the same area 50 years later.

Diagram 12.1

Diagram 12.2

Discuss the impact of the exploitation on the ecosystem.

[10 marks] 

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2011

BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN

SEKOLAH KECEMERLANGAN

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PERFEC TSCORE

BIOLOG Y

Student’s Module

PAPER3QUESTION 1

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Question 1 :

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

1  A group of students carried out an experiment to study the effect of the concentration of nutrients on the activity of yeast . Diagram 1.1 shows the method used by the students.

The initial height of the coloured liquid in the manometer is shown in Diagram 1.2.

The experiment was repeated using different concentrations of glucose. Table 1.1 shows the

results of the experiment after 10 minutes.

rubber tubing

clip

Manometer withRubber stopper  coloured liquid

Glass tube

Initial height of 

coloured liquid

Boiling tube containing

yeast suspension

Diagram 1.1

Initial height of coloured liquid :

……………… cm

DIAGRAM 1.2

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3

Percentage concentration of glucose / %

Final height of coloured liquid in themanometer after 10 minutes /cm

10

  ……….…….

15

……….…….

20

  ……….…….

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4

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

(a)Complete Table 1.2 by recording the height of colouredliquid in the manometer after 10 minutes

3

(b) (i) Based on Table 1.1, state two observations .Observation 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

Observation 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

(ii) State the inference which corresponds to the observation in1(b(i).Inference 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................Inference 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

3

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Variable Method to handle the variable

Manipulated variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Responding variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Controlled variable :

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

5

(c) Complete Table 1.2 for the three variables based on theexperiment.

3

(d) State the hypothesis for the experiment.

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

................................................................................................. 3

(e) (i) Based on Table 1.1, construct a table and record the resultsof the experiment which includes the following aspects:

• Percentage concentration of glucose

• Height of coloured liquid• The rate of the activity of yeast

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6

3

(e) (ii) Draw a graph of the rate of the activity of yeast against theconcentration of glucose 3

(iii) Based on the graph in 1(e)(ii), state the relationship between

the rate of the activity of yeast and the concentration of 

glucose. Explain your answer.

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................3

(f) Based on the experiment, define anaerobic respiration inyeast operationally.

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................3

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Variables Apparatus Material

Manipulated .............................. ................................

Responding ............................... ...............................

Controlled ............................... ...............................

7

(g) The experiment is repeated by using 1 ml of 0.1 mol dm-3

of 

sodium hydroxide solution is added into the boiling tube.

Predict the manometer reading after 10 minutes. Explain

your prediction.

................................................................................................

.

................................................................................................

.

................................................................................................

.

................................................................................................

3

(h) The following list is part of the apparatus and material usedin this experiment.

Yeast, metre rule, coloured liquid, electronicbalance, glucose solution, measuring cylinder 

Complete Table 1.3 by matching each variable with theapparatus and material used in the experiment.

Table 1.3

3

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9

Question 2 :

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

2 Lemna minor  is a species of free-floating aquatic plants from the duckweed familyLemnaceae. The plants grow mainly by vegetative reproduction: two daughter plantsbud off from the adult plant.

 An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of abiotic factor such as pH onLemna sp. growth. Experiment is done under controlled conditions: 12 hours a daylight exposure and using the same Knop’s solution.Petri dish is filled with 20 ml Knop’s solution with different pH value and 5 Lemna sp.each.The Knop’s solution is treated by adding acid or alkali to achieve the pH value needed.

** Knop’s solution is a solution which contains essential nutrient for plants growth.

Petri dish

Knop’s solution

Lemna minor 

Figure 1

 After 7 days, the observation is made and the result shown in Table 1.1.

pHvalue

Petri dish Number of  Lemna sp.

2

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10

3

5

7

9

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11

11

Table 1.1

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

(a) State the number of  Lemna sp. in the spacesprovided in Table 1.1

3

(b) (i) Based on Table 1, state two different observations .

Observation 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

Observation 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

3

(ii)State the inferences which corresponds to the observations in1(b)(i).Inference 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

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Variable Method to handle the variable

Manipulated variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Responding variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Controlled variable :

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

12

................................................................................................Inference 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

(c) Complete Table 1.4 to show the variables involved in theexperiment and how the variables are operated.

3

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13

(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................3

(e) (i) Construct a table and record the results of theexperiment.

Your table should contain the following title.

• pH of water 

• Number of Lemna sp.

3

(e) (ii) Plot a graph showing the number of Lemna sp against the pHin the graph below

3

(iii) Referring to the graph in (e) (ii), describe the relationship

between the Lemna sp growth and the condition of the

medium.

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

3

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(f) Based on the experiment, define operationally the abioticfactor in an ecosystem.

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

................................................................................................. 3

(g) The effluent from laundry shop flows into a pond nearby,predict the population of Lemna sp in the pond. Explain your answer.

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

.................................................................................................

................................................................................................. 3

(h) Classify the biotic and abiotic factors from the listprovided below.

Humidity, light intensity, decomposer,

parasites, symbiotic organism, soil

texture, invertebrates, topography

3

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60 cm2

Direction/position of surface

Total surface area covered byLichen

East

Question 3:

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

1.  A group of students conducted an experiment to study the effect of light intensity on the

population distribution of Lichen on the tree trunk. He placed a 10 cm x 10 cmtransparent quadrat on the East-facing surface of the tree trunk. He counted thenumber of squares that contained half or more than half of the areas covered by theLichen. Square with less than half of the covered areas were not included.The procedures were repeated for the surfaces that face the direction of North (N),south (S) and west (W).

Figure 1 shows how a quadrat is placed on the tree trunk. Each small square represent1 cm

2.

Figure 1

Table 1 shows the areas covered by the Lichen on the different surface of the treetrunk.

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52 cm2

45 cm2

35 cm2

17

South

10 cm

North

10 cm

West

10 cm

Table 1

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a)Count the total surface area of Lichen for each quadrat andrecord the answer in the spaces provided in Table 1. 3

b) (i) State two different observation based on the diagram in

Table 1.Observation 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

Observation 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

(ii) State the inferences from the observation in 1 (b) (i).

Inference 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................Inference 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

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(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment.

Variable Method to handle the variable

Manipulated variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Responding variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Controlled variable :

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

3Table 2

d) State the hypothesis for this experiment:

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................ 3

e) (i) Construct a table and record all data collected in thisexperiment.Your table should have the following aspect:

• Title with correct unit

• Position of direction

• Total surface area covered by Lichen

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3

(ii) Use the graph paper provided to answer this question.

Using the data in 1 (e) (i), draw a bar chart graph to showthe relationship between the population of Lichen againstthe directions facing on the tree.

The population of Lichen is represented by the total surfacearea covered in the quadrat.

3

(f) Based on the graph in 1 (e)(ii), explain the relationshipbetween the population distribution of Lichen and the lightintensity.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................ 3

(g) State the operational definition for population distribution of Lichen.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................ 3

(h) Lightning strike the tree and cause the tree to fall. TheLichen under study is then exposed to direct sunlight from7.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. daily.Predict what will happen to the total surface area coveredby Lichen after a month.

Explain your prediction.

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Abiotic factors Biotic factors

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................ 3

(i) The following is a list of biotic and abiotic factors.

pH of water, pigeon orchid, humidity, bird,temperature, Elodea sp.

Classify these factors in the Table 3.

Table 3

3

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23

Water sample P Q R

Time taken for 

methylene

blue solution

become

colourless

Question 4 :

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

4  An experiment was carried out to investigate the water pollution level or BOD in three different

locations from a suspected polluted Rivers. Three water samples are collected from thesethree locations and labelled as P, Q and R as in Diagram 1.

200 ml of each sample is put in a reagent bottle and added with 1 ml of 0.1% methylene bluesolution. All the bottles are kept in dark cupboard.

Observations are made every minute to see the changes in the methylene blue colour.

Sample P Sample Q Sample R

Diagram 1Each sample is added

with methylene bluesolution

Table 1 shows the results of this experiment.

Table 1

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No. Questions Marks Student notes

(a) Record the time taken for methylene blue solution become

colourless in the boxes provided in Table 1. 3

(b) (i) Based on Table 1, state two different observations .Observation 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

Observation 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

3................................................................................................

(ii) State the inferences which corresponds to the observationsin 1(b)(i).

Inference 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

Inference 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

3................................................................................................

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Variable Method to handle the variable

Manipulated variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Responding variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Controlled variable :

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

25

(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment.

Table 23

(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

3

(e) (i) Construct a table and record all the data collected in this

experiment based on the following criteria:

• Water sample

• Time taken

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3

(f) Based on the data in 1(e) draw a bar chart of time taken for methylene blue solution become colourless against water samples.

3

(g) What is the relationship between time taken, oxygen

concentration and BOD value of water in this experiment?

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................ 3

(h) Based on the result of this experiment, state the operationaldefinition for BOD.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

(i) This experiment is repeated by using water sample fromchicken farm areas. Predict the time taken for methelyneblue to become colourless.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

3

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27

(j)  Arrange the water samples from the most polluted to the

least polluted.

3

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Question 5 :

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

5 Transpiration is the evaporation of water from a plant to the surroundings. The rate of 

transpiration is affected by environmental factors such as temperature.

 A group of students carried out an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the

rate of transpiration. Diagram 1 shows the set up of the apparatus. An air bubble was

trapped in the capillary tube. The apparatus was placed in an air-conditioned room at 20 oC.

The time taken for the air bubble to move a distance of 10 cm was recorded. The

experiment was repeated for a second time to get average readings.

The experiment is repeated by placing the apparatus at three more different temperatures:

an air-conditioned room at 25oC , an air-conditioned room at 30

oC and in a non air-

conditioned room at 35o

C.

Diagram 1

Table 1 shows the reading of stopwatch for air bubble to move a distance of 10 cm atdifferent temperature

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Temperatureo

Time taken for air bubble to move a distance of 10 cm (min)

First reading Second reading AverageReading

20

25

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TemperatureSuhu

o

Time taken for air bubble to move a distance of 10 cm (min)

First reading Second reading AverageReading

30

35

No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

(a) Record the time taken for the air bubbles to move a

distance of 10 cm and average reading in Table 1.3

(b) (i) Based on Table 1, state two different observations .

Observation 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

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................................................................................................

Observation 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

(ii) State the inferences which corresponds to the observations

in 1(b)(i).

Inference 1 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

Inference 2 :

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

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33

(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment.

Variable Method to handle the variable

Manipulated variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Responding variable:

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Controlled variable :

.............................................

.............................................

.............................................

....................................................

....................................................

....................................................

Table 23

(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

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(e) (i) Construct a table and record all the data collected in this

experiment.

Your table should have the following aspects:

- Temperature

- Average time taken for air bubbles to move a

distance of 10 cm .

- Rate of transpiration

Rate of transpiration = Dis ta n ce

Time

3

(e) (ii) Using the data in 1(e)(i), draw the graph of the rate of 

transpiration against the temperature 3

(f) Based on the graph in 1(e)(ii), explain the relationship

between the rate of transpiration and temperature.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

(g) Based on the result of this experiment, state the operational

definition for process of transpiration.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................3

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Environmental factor Morphology factors

(h) If the surface of the leaves of a plant at temperature of 35oC  are covered with vaselin, predict the time taken for air 

bubble to move a distance of 10 cm. Explain your 

prediction.

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................

................................................................................................ 3

(i) The following list is a factor that affecting transpiration.

Relative humidity Kelembapan relatif cuticle kutikel

air movement pergerakan angin

stomata stomata

light intensity keamatan cahaya

Classify the factors into two group in Table 3.

Table 3 3

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1

No. Questions Marks Student notes

1. Diagram 2 shows three types of fruits.

Papaya Orange Water melon[Betik] [Oren] [Tembikai]  

Diagram 2

Plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the percentage of vitamin C content in each fruit. DCPIP (dichlorophenolindophenol)0.1% solution is used to test the presence of vitamin C in the fruit juices.

You can use the common chemicals and science apparatus thatcan be found in the laboratory. The planning of your experimentmust include the following aspects:

• Problem statement [Peryataan masalah] 

• Hypothesis [Hipotesis] 

•Variables [Pembolehubah] 

•  Apparatus and materials [Radas dan Bahan] 

• Procedures [Kaedah] 

• How data is communicated

17 marks2.  A group of students did a study on the function of enzymes as an

organic catalyst that can regulate and increase the rate biochemical

reactions in the cell. Enzymes are very sensitive to a change in

temperature and functions efficiently at an optimum temperature.

Design an experiment to study the effect of different temperatures

on the activity of salivary amylase on starch.

The planning of your experiment must include the following

aspects:

• Statement of identified problem

• Hypothesis

• Statement of variables

• List of materials and apparatus

• Experimental procedure

• Presentation of data

 

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2

No. Questions Marks Student notes

3. Human needs energy to maintain the body temperature at 37ºC

and to carry out daily activities.

The energy is gain from oxidation of food in body cell respiration.

Energy value is measured in Joule per gram unit.

Base on the information; design a laboratory experiment toinvestigate the energy value in three types of food samples.

Your experimental design should include:

• Problem statement

• Variables

• Hypothesis

• Material and apparatus

• Procedures• Presentation of data

[17 marks]

4. The activity of microorganisms is affected by abiotic component inhabitat.

Based on the above statement, plan an experiment to study theeffect of light intensity on the activity of yeast.

The planning of your experiment must include the following aspect:

• Problem statement

• Hypothesis

• Variables

• List of apparatus and material

• Experimental procedure or method

• Presentation of data

[17 marks]

5. During vigorous exercise such as running, more sweat is producedand less urine is produced by individual.

Design an experiment to study the effect of time of vigorousexercise on the volume of urine produce by a group of students.They are given same amount of water to drink before the exercise.

Your plan must include the following aspects:

• Problem statement

• Statement of hypothesis

• Variables

• List Material and Apparatus

• Experimental Procedure

•How data communicated

[17 marks]

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3

No. Questions Marks Student notes

6. The rate of photosynthesis is influenced by different environmentfactors.

Base on the above situation; plan a laboratory experiment todetermine the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

The planning of your experiment must include the followingaspects:

• Statement of identified problem

• Variables

• Statement of hypothesis

• List of materials and apparatus

• Experimental procedure

• Presentation of data[17 marks]

7. The population of rats in a urban area and rural area can beestimated by a certain method.

Based on the above statement, plan experiment for this purpose.The planning of your experiment must include the followingaspects:

• Problem statement

• Hypothesis

• Variables

• List of apparatus and material

• Experimental procedure or method

• Presentation of data

 8. Transpiration is the lost of water vapour from plants, especially in

leaves. Transpiration occurs 90 % through the stomata. Theamount of water lost depends on its size, surrounding light intensity,temperature, humidity and air movement.

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No. Questions Marks Student notes

Base on the information; design an experiment to be conducted inthe laboratory to investigate the effect of number of leaves on therate of transpiration in hibiscus plant.

The planning of your experiment must include the followingaspects:

•  Problem statement

•  Hypothesis

•  Variables

•   Apparatus and materials

•  Procedures

•  How data is communicated

[17 marks]

9. Competition is an interaction between organisms which livetogether in a habitat and compete for the same resources that arein limited supply. The competition between individuals of the samespecies is called an intraspecific competition.

 A farmer doesn’t realized his mango trees do not produced highquantity of mangoes because the mango trees are planted tooclose to each other.

Based on the above information and situation, design a laboratoryexperiment to show to the farmer on how the distance between theplants can affects the growth rate of a named plant.

The planning of your experiment must include the followingaspects:

• Problem statement

• Hypothesis

• Variables

• List of apparatus and materials

• Experimental procedures

• Presentation of data

[17 markah]

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No. Questions Marks Studentnotes

10. Villages P, Q and R are situated along the Galas River as in Diagram

10.1. The village folks depend on the river to earn a living. The river 

provides them with transport, water for cooking, drinking, washing, etc.

They also catch fish from the river.

Lately the villages’ folks are complaining about the lower catch from

the river. They relate this problem to a rubber factory built two years

ago at the upstream of the river. Village P, Q and R are 10km, 20km

and 30km away from the rubber factory respectively.

Village R Village Q

Village P

Rubber factory

Diagram 10.1

 As an Environment Department officer, you are sent to the site to

make a thorough investigation into the matter. Your task is to

investigate the effect of the distance of the rubber factory and the

villages on the levels of water pollution.

Your investigation must include the following aspect:

o Problem statement

o Hypothesis


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