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ISLAMIYAT 2058/2:
REVISION HANDOUT
Unit 5: Selected Hadith
Maulvi JahangirMahmud
0321 44 60606
(Text Only)[email protected]
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Unit 5: Formula (i) &
(ii)
(i)Teachings(ii)How can Muslims put theseteachings in to action
What teachings itcontains regarding what
Muslims believe andshould practice
What are theimplications for the
Muslim individual &community
Cross Ref either here orin (ii): from Quran or
Sunnah
How the teachings in
this hadith can beapplied to our lives
What advantageswould that have for the
community &individual
Modern Day example ifany
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Hadith No 1:'Religion is sincerity.' We said: 'To whom?' The Prophet said: 'To
Allah, His Book, His Messenger, the leaders of the Muslims and to their common
people.
1. Islam demands sincere and genuinefaith.
2. This sincerity is needed in thefundamental beliefs as well as towardsthe leaders and the members of thecommunity.
3. This means strong belief in Tawhid(oneness of God), the divine message ofthe Quran and the messenger of Godwho conveyed this Message to us.
4. Also, the leader of the community, whofollows the Quran and Sunnah, shouldbe sincerely followed:
5. And obey God and obey the Messengerand those charged with authorityamong you. (4:59)
6. Finally, Muslims should believe inrespecting and caring for the fellows inthe community.
1. Belief in Tawhid, Quran and the last
Messenger is demonstrated by
following the eternal guidance of the
Quran and Sunnah.
2. Muslims should observe the five pillars
of Islam
3. As for cooperating with the leader of
the community, Muslims should
remember the speech of Abu Bakr on
his election as caliph:
4. Help me if I am in the right, set me
right if I am in the wrong5. Similarly, sincerity towards fellows
should be expressed by being kind,
polite, just and respectful to them.
(b)
(a)
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Hadith 2: None of you believes until he wants for his brother what he wants for
himself
1. According to Islamic faith, all
believers are bonded together by a
common faith in Islam
2. They, therefore, constitute a single
family or brotherhood where all
members are familiar to each otherregardless of geographical, racial or
linguistic barriers.
3. The Holy Quran endorses this by
saying: Believers are a single
brotherhood (49:10).
4. Now this sense of belonging to a
single family unit demands that aspirit of sacrifice for the other
members be nurtured and kept alive.
1. A true believer is supposed to be ready
to give preference to the needs and
feelings of his Muslim brothers over
his own.
2. He should try to emulate the example
of the Ansar of Madinah who readily
shared all their belongings with theirMuhajir brothers.
3. Muslims should negate selfishness,
promote spirit of sacrifice and love for
the fellow Muslims
4. Should develop a sense of collective
welfare and make efforts to ensurecomfort and benefits for others as
much as for himself:
5. True believers should not look down
upon others and should not taunt
them or call them by offensive nick
names or ever break ties with them.
(b)
(a)
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Hadith No 3 : Let him who believes in Allah and the Last Day either speak good or keep
silent, and let him who believes in Allah and the Last Day be generous to his neighbour, and
let him who believes in Allah and the Last Day be generous to his guest.
1. The Messenger of Allah, in his saying,
has laid down certain cardinal
disciplines for a true believer
2. Unless belief expresses itself
practically, it remains but a
pretension.3. Teachings of the Prophet aim at
inculcating and developing the
feelings of generosity and kindness in
our day to day interaction with others
4. True belief is palpably associated
with kindness in attitude.
5. Practical demonstration of true beliefhas to be projected through action
1. A faithful believer ought to be a source of
comfort to his neighbours and should
project generosity and hospitality
towards all human beings giving
preference to other Muslim brethren.
2. The Quran commands its followers to be
kind and polite in speech: And speakkindly to mankind (2:83).
3. Neighbors and guests are important
components of the Muslim society and
showing them generosity would
strengthen the bonds of love and
fraternity
4. Allah elaborately enjoins upon us, in (al-
Ma'un), certain duties signifying the
importance of neighbourly needs
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 4 : A man asked the Messenger: Do you think that if I say my prayers regularly,
fast in Ramadan, treat as lawful that which is lawful and treat as forbidden that which is
forbidden, and do nothing further, I shall enter paradise? He said: Yes.
1. Amongst the five pillars upon which
Islam stands, after Shahadah, the two
mentioned above are those which are
obligatory for each and every Muslim.
2. This Hadith highlights the principles
upon which is based eligibility forParadise.
3. Without the establishment of Salah
and observance of the Sawm, it is
impossible to avoid Hellfire
4. Another thing that is mentioned, is
the adherence to the Halal and
avoiding the Haram5. If Islamic teachings are followed, i.e.
only the lawful is acted upon and the
prohibited is shunned, the path to
Jannah becomes clear and sure
1. Salat and Sawm are both aimed at
promoting self-discipline and complete
submission to Allah's command
2. The Quran elaborates the objective of
fasting in these words:
3. O you who believe! Fasting has been
prescribed to you ____ so that you maylearn self-restraint (2:183).
4. A Muslim is not merely ordered to pray
individually but to 'establish' prayer,
meaning to bond collectively with the
community through the daily prayers
and also through celebrating Ramadan
5. These together prepare the believers
to observe patience, perseverance and
avoid Halal so as to achieve the
objectives
6. Thus such a conduct in life would pave
the way to Paradise.
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 5 : Every person's every joint must perform a charity every day the sun comes up:
to act justly between two people is a charity; to help a man with his mount, lifting him onto
it or hoisting up his belongings onto it is a charity; every step you take to prayers is a
charity; every kind word is a charity and removing a harmful thing from the road is a charity
1. All physical powers as a gift & trust
from Allah
2. Muslim should remember this and
express gratitude to Allah by helping
fellow Muslims brothers
3. All such acts are acts of charity
4. Such acts should be equated with
exerting energy in the worship of God
5. The Prophet said: The best among
the people are those who are a
source of benefit to the people6. This hadith emphasizes that a Muslim
must spend each day of his or her life
doing acts of kindness
1. Islam includes all good deeds whether
acts of worship or kindness to others
in the scope of charity that shall be
rewarded by Allah.
2. Muslims should help their brothers
and sisters in day to day affairs.
3. They should hurry to offer their
prayer, share the burden of fellows
and, wherever possible, remove
anything harmful from thoroughfares.
4. As in the examples given by the Holy
Prophet, all joints and organs of the
body working for goodness performacts of charity
5. So much so that the Holy Prophet said
that, even a smile is a charity.
(b)(a)
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Hadith No.6: Whosoever of you sees an evil action, let him change it with his
hand, and if he is not able to do so then with his tongue, and if he is not able
to do so then with his heart, and that is the weakest of faith
1. Islam teaches its followers to firstestablish a true Islamic society based onthe teachings of the Quran and Sunnah
2. The faith inside a Muslim expresses itselfthrough his or her opposition to evil
3. It further commands them to defend the
society against all possible evils withwhatever available resources.
4. A Muslim must physically stop evil orattack it verbally, or at least havefeelings of resentment for it.
5. The Quran declares the distinguishingfactor of the Muslim Ummah as: You arethe best of the people, evolved for
mankind, enjoining what is right,forbidding what is wrong and believingin Allah (3:100)
6. If a person doesn't even feel bad uponencountering an evil, then perhaps truefaith has not yet entered his or her heart.
1. Eradication of evil involves struggle ofvarying degrees depending on theavailable resources with the Muslimcommunity and government.
2. If s/he does nothing, nor even feels theneed to do so s/he should be warned that
as per this Hadith, even the weakestdegree of faith is missing from his or herheart.
3. Evil may be suppressed through speechor writings by individuals, or use of lawenforcement by Muslim rulers.
4. Thus suppressing evil, (Qital or PhysicalJihad.) or verbally admonishing(Dawa'/intellectual Jihad) it, is the dutyof a Muslim.
5. But at all times a believer is required toshun evil internally and for this askAllahs help (Surah Falaq)
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 7 : It was said: O Messenger of Allah, who is the most excellent of
men? The Messenger said: 'The believer who strives hard in the way of Allah with
his person and his property.
1. The importance of striving for the causeof Allah can easily be understood by theQuranic verse: Those who believe, andsuffer exile (Hijrah) and strive withmight and money, in Allah's cause, withtheir goods and their persons, shallattain the highest rank in the sight of
Allah (9:20)2. Thus belief in Allah is subject and
conditional to striving in His way with allresources so as to attain the status of amartyr which is the highest rewardbestowed upon the believers by Allah
3. Jihad is aimed at suppressing evil,stopping aggression and transgression
but within the limits prescribed by thecode of conduct of war in Islam.
4. Muslims believe that all their physicaland financial resources are granted byGod, and so, they develop the spirit ofplacing them at Gods disposal.
1. The Messenger of Allah, in this Hadith,
has described some of the most
excellent Muslims for all times, the
Mujahideen or those who conduct
Jihad with the best of their resources
2. To be included in 'the best' we must be
ready to sacrifice our time, money andeven life if need be in the path of Allah
3. This includes physical, mental and
spiritual Jihad
4. One who strives in Allah's way will be
ranked as a shaheed even if s/he dies a
natural death
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 8: The Messenger of Allah said: Whom do you count to be a martyr among you?' They said: O Messenger
of Allah, whoever is killed in the way of Allah is a martyr. He said: 'In that case the martyrs of my community
will be very few!. (We asked): Then who is Shaheed?. He who is killed in the way of Allah is a martyr, he who
dies a natural death in the way of Allah is a martyr, he who dies of plague is a martyr, he who dies of cholera
is a martyr.'
1. The entire life of a Muslim is spent insome form of Jihad
2. He or she may be performing spiritual,mental or physical Jihad at any giventime
3. The Quran and the Prophet haverepeatedly admired those busy inJihad and ranked them as the bestMuslims.
4. The Holy Prophet fought battles,received wounds and also witnessedmartyrdom of his close associates.
5. It was generally believed that thisrank can only be achieved if one wasactually in combat, but this Hadith hasincluded all those Muslims who arestruggling in Allah's Path in one wayor the other.
1. If the desire of a Muslim is to attain the
exalted status of a Shaheed (Martyr) he
or she should spend every living
moment in Allah's Way
2. This can be achieved simply by making
the intention to seek Allah's pleasure in
all that we do3. Allah's Path, in a broad term, applies to
many aspects of goodness
4. If one's life is spent in this manner,
then no matter if death comes
naturally or through a disease, he or
she shall be amongst the Martyrs
5. This serves as a great encouragement
for those who do not get an
opportunity to be involved in physical
jihad
(b)(a)
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Hadith No9: No one eats better food than that which he eats out of the work of
his hand
1. This Hadith stresses on two
important teachings: Dignity of
Labour & Superiority of Halal income
2. The Holy Prophet said that the test
lies not in how much you earn, but
whether it is earned through fair orunfair means
3. Islam warns that those who use
wrongfully acquired wealth actually
fill their stomach with hellfire
4. The Holy Prophet himself set an
example of labour many a times in his
life: Construction of the Masjid &Daily chores
1. The Holy Prophet also said that, He
who works with his hand is a friend of
Allah.
2. The Holy Prophet himself never
evaded physical hard labour
3. In the light of this Hadith and the
Prophet's example, no Muslim shouldavoid physical labour nor consider it
below his or her dignity.
4. Also they should respect those who
engage in physical labour and not
consider them inferior
5. They should prefer to earn through
hard work than unfair means
(b)(a)
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Hadith No. 10 : One who manages the affairs of the widow and the poor man is like
the one who exerts himself in the way of Allah, or the one who stands for prayer
in the night or fasts in the day
1. Islamic teachings train the believers todevelop a sense of fulfilling the rights ofGod as well as those of the fellowbeings.
2. Islam strictly instructs us to take care ofthe less privileged in the society. Suchpeople have been equated by theProphet to a regular worshipper and theone who strives in the way of God.
3. The Quran links true faith with asupportive attitude towards the poorand declares those who fail to do so asthe rejecters of faith
4. Islam also requires that fellow Muslimsbehave with each other in a brotherlyfashion as an expression of genuinefaith.
5. The Holy Prophet declared mutual loveand care among the members of theIslamic community as one of the pre-requisites to the true faith
1. The Muslims should follow the
example of the Prophet who was
known even before awarding of
prophethood as the supporter of
widows & orphans.
2. They should support those in need by
regular charity and almsgiving
3. By taking care of the poor, the needy,
widows, etc one can prove whether
s/he is actually a believer or merely a
pretender of faith
4. The Quran links kindness to Tawheed
by saying: Serve Allah and do not joinany partners with Him; and do good to
parents, kinsfolk, orphans, those in
need. (4:36)
5. In a Muslim society special
arrangements should be made to
support the needy with Zakat and
other acts of charity.
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 11 : 'I and the man who brings up an orphan will be in paradise like
this.' And he pointed with his two fingers, the index finger and the middle
finger.
1. Islam instructs its followers to be caringand considerate towards theunsupported and the needy.
2. It promises greater rewards for suchnoble attitude, e.g., earning the pleasureof God and closeness to His Messenger.
3. It also associates such nobility with thelove for God:And they feed for the loveof God, the indigent, the orphan and thecaptive (76:8)
4. Care and support of the orphan is greatlyadmired by the Quran and Sunnah, asboth promise huge rewards for those
who are kind towards the orphan.
5. This Hadith guarantees such peoplecloseness to the Prophet in Paradisefor any believer this is no less than afabulous award in the Hereafter
1. The Prophet was asked in Surah al-
Duha: Did He not find you an orphan
and give you shelter?
2. He therefore, showered special love on
the orphan
3. Muslims should imitate his examples inwhatever possible ways such as
supporting orphanages
4. They should adopt orphan children in
the light of the admiration expressed
by the Prophet, the best Muslim
house is that in which an orphan is well
treated.
5. Such noble tasks strengthen the
communal bonds among the members
of the Muslim community.
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 12 : The Messenger sent Abu Musa and Mu'adh ibn Jabal to Yaman, and he
sent each of them to govern a part. Then he said: 'Be gentle and do not be hard,
and cause rejoicing and do not alienate.
1. This Hadith highlights the attitude of
a Muslim ruler
2. A Muslim ruler is given the power to
rule a country as a trust from Allah
3. A Muslim ruler is required to consider
himself the custodian of his people,
responsible for their prosperity and
welfare
4. True Muslim rulers try their best to
win the hearts of their people by
kindness and by being very close to
them, avoiding any degree ofharshness.
5. The Prophet said, Be merciful to
those on earth and He, Who is in the
heavens, shall show mercy to you.
1. A Muslim ruler is expected to discharge hisduties with such a faith deeply ingrained in hismind and show maximum kindness andpatronizing attitude towards his subjects
2. Both the companions mentioned in thisHadith were highly trained by the Prophet andit was virtually unthinkable that they would be
harsh to anyone, so his warning to them wasactually directed towards the rulers to come
3. Muslim rulers need to follow these modelrulers who ruled not only the state but also thehearts of their subjects.
4. They should remove all barriers that separatethem form their people and should treat themin a kind and fatherly way so that people donot fear but respect them with sincerity.
5. We also understand that 'Ruler' also meanseveryone in responsibility, such as a parent oremployer; who should also take a lesson fromthis Hadith.
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 13 :He who studies the Qur'an is like the owner of tethered camels. If
he attends to them he will keep hold of them, but if he lets them loose they will
go away
1. Holy Quran is the ultimate source ofguidance for the worldly matters as wellas the Hereafter.
2. The conduct of the Muslims depends onthe degree of their association with theQuran because it is the basis of their lives.
3. The Prophet has linked this bond with theownership of the tethered camels
4. As long as the camels are supervised andkept tethered, they remain under control.
5. Similarly, as long as a Muslim remainsattached to the Quran by recitation,
learning and comprehending it, the Qurancontinues to benefit him; but if thisrelation is weakened, the effect of theQuran gradually fades away.
6. Quran continues to guide the reader aslong as the latter continues to read andcomprehend the message of the Quran
1. A Muslim should bind himself and
herself with the Quran as a person firmly
ties up his prized camels
2. The Holy Prophet has used this analogy
in order to emphasize on the
significance of the Quran as camels
were a very precious belonging in thosetimes.
3. He further said, 'The best amongst you
is the one who studies the Quran and
teaches it.'
4. In any Muslim community, readers and
teachers of the Quran are held in high
esteem.
5. In most families, formal education of a
Muslim child begins by learning the
recitation of the Quran
(b)(a)
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Hadith No .14:May God show mercy to a man who is kindly when he sells, when he
buys, and when he demands his money back
1. Muslim should demonstratecompassionate behavior towards fellowMuslims in dealings with them .
2. Islamic Economic Teachings stress onhonesty and justice on one hand, whilemercy and lenience on the other.
3. Sellers should believe that honesty andgenerosity are liked by God.
4. Buyers similarly should not have any illintention of exploiting any weakness ofthe seller.
5. Creditors should believe that God aloneenabled him to be a source of helping
those in need and so, he should developspirit of magnanimity when some needyperson approaches him.
6. In conclusion, mercy and compassionshould not be left out during businesstransactions
1. The Prophet conducted trade not only
with full honesty and dedication, but
also with kindness
2. The Messenger also said: Be
compassionate to those on earth and
He who is in the heavens will be
compassionate to you.
3. He would not hide defects of
merchandise while selling any items or
cheat the buyer.
4. The buyer nor the seller should exploit
each other.
5. A creditor should show generosity &
grant relief to the debtor because the
Prophet greatly admired such degree
of kindness: Whoever has a claim on a
brother which is payable and he allows
respite to the debtor in his payment,
he will be given the reward of charity.
(b)(a)
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Hadith No .5: God will not show mercy to him who does not show mercy to others.
1. Allah Himself is the fount of mercy
2. The Quran says that Allah's mercy
wraps His anger
3. In this Hadith the Holy Prophet is
laying down the condition for Allah's
Mercy only for those who showmercy to others
4. Allah loves His creation and doesn't
allow anyone to be harsh as He
Himself is not harsh or unfair to
anyone
5. To deserve His Mercy, one must show
it to His Creation
1. The Muslims are required to follow the
footsteps of the Prophet who never
cursed his enemies and insulters in
Makkah, Taif and the battlefield.
2. He kindly treated captives of Badr and
forgave his fatal enemies on the
conquest of Makka.
3. Muslims today may imitate such noble
conduct and generosity of heart.
4. They should not overburden their
employees and should have the moral
courage of forgiving the insulters
because they will receive huge reward
from their Lord:
5. Even if someone is harsh, we should try
to win over him with love and
compassion
6. The Prophet said Be compassionateto those on earth and He, who is in the
(b)(a)
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Hadith No.16: The believers are like a single man; if his head is affected he is
all affected and if his eye is affected he is affected
1. This Hadith emphasizes Muslim
brotherhood and unity
2. Islamic teachings strike at the root of
racial, geographical, social and
linguistic barriers and discriminations
3. All the Muslims are bonded togetherby the strong fabric of common faith
that makes them a single fraternity:
Believers are a single brotherhood
(49:10).
4. When a brother is in pain, his pain is
felt by all his siblings
5. Just as siblings are one family unit, sois the entire Muslim community
6. Just as a body cannot be at rest, if any
single part is afflicted, the Muslims
cannot be at peace if some amongst
them is in trouble.
1. The believers may follow this Hadith in
a variety of ways.
2. The Ansar of Madina accommodated
the Muhajireen of Makka by sharing all
their assets with them.
3. They should care for fellow Muslims inhour of need and trials
4. The finest example in history of such
mutual compassion was the
brotherhood between the Muhajireen
and Ansar
5. Each Ansari divided his entire
belongings in half and half andpresented the same to his Muhajir
brethren
6. Muslims should follow this example
and sacrifice their wealth for the less
fortunate Muslims Brothers & Sisters
(b)(a)
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Hadith No.17:Modesty produces nothing but good.
1. Modesty is perhaps the most importantcomponent of the moral teachings ofIslam
2. Modesty is the barrier, like piety, againstall indecencies and evils and is thus asource of strengthening faith and
submission before divine commands.3. So, modesty strengthens and
accompanies faith, and faith, in turn,promotes mental piety.
4. Mental piety reflects a believersobedience to God and is a means ofearning Gods favor.
5. The Prophet declared modesty as acardinal feature of Islam: Every religionhas a distinctive quality and distinctivequality of Islam is modesty
6. Modesty is not only to be observedtowards fellow human beings, buttowards Allah too
1. The Prophet said: ' Be modest before
Allah: the correct way to be modest
before Him is to control your heart and
head and keep them pure
2. We must practice modesty by
shunning evil thoughts
3. Modesty keeps us away from all evilacts
4. The Muslims must lower their gaze as
it may lead to sin
5. Thus the practice of modesty
eliminates evils and social problems so
that a balanced society develops.
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 18 :He who has in his heart as much faith as a grain of mustard seed
will not enter hell, and he who has in his heart as much pride as a grain of
mustard seed will not enter paradise
1. According to Muslim belief, true faith
alone guarantees a believers salvation
from the fire of Hell and entry to
Paradise.
2. This Hadith underlines the importance
of true faith and renunciation of pride3. It also identifies faith and arrogance
being opposites of each other
4. When a person embraces Islam, he
actually and practically submits to the
will of Allah and submission is
diametrically opposed to any form or
degree of pride5. Quran and Sunnah reiterate that faith
and pride cannot co-exist in the heart
of a Muslim
1. We must shun all types of pride and
observe modesty and humbleness in all of
his postures and dealings
2. By strengthening a sense of humility,
pride can be effectively resisted and
controlled.
3. This ensures pleasure of God:for God
does not love the arrogant (4:36)
4. Following the divine guidance is the best
means of promoting humility and
resisting pride.
5. As faith and pride cannot co-exist in oneheart, we must continuously analyze our
own selves and keep our hearts under
check
6. We must adopt humility not only in
behavior, but also in dress and manners
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 19: The world is the believer's prison and the unbeliever's paradise
1. Allah created charms in this world to testHis obedient servants.
2. A believer is trained by Islamic teachingsto consider this world a prison where heis not free to live a life of his choice andso, cant get attached to it just as a
prisoner cant develop a lastingassociation with the prison.
3. The Holy Prophet said This world is buta cultivating ground for the Hereafter.
4. A true believer strongly believes in theeternal joys of the Hereafter whereas anon-believer is fully enticed by the
temporary glow of this world and thus,denies the Hereafter.
5. A non-believer on the other hand, neverwants to leave this world because as hedoesnt believe in Hereafter, he sees thisas the only place to be happy.
1. Paradise is the place where one would
get whatever one would wish for
Believers, for whom the world is a
testing ground feel imprisoned here
2. The unbelievers strive solely for the
pursuit of temporal happiness
3. We, as Muslims, should focus onconcentrating to spend our lives in this
'prison' as per rules and regulations set
forth by God Almighty
4. And shun our desires and wishes in this
world, to project ourselves before God
Almighty as true Muslims.
5. A Muslim should never lose sight of
his/her real objective and purpose, and
should not become overly involved in
worldly desires
(b)(a)
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Hadith No 20:Allah does not regard your appearances & your possessions,
but he regards your hearts and your actions.
1. This Hadith categorically declares thecriterion by which God judges actionsand conduct.
2. God does not consider outwardappearance or worldly gains made by aperson.
3. He simply considers a persons conductand the intentions behind it because theProphet clearly stated in another Hadith:Actions are judged by intentions
4. However good appearance we may carryand whatever success we get, God is sosupreme and high that everything is
worthless before Him because He isLord of all the worlds and He knowssecrets of hearts.
5. So, a true believer strives to actaccording to the Quran and Sunnah andwith sincerity of intention.
1. We must purify our hearts and our
intentions
2. Our actions must be strictly according to
the Islamic teachings, even if they may
seem alien to some society, because our
intention is to please Allah
3. Perhaps the people around us may onlyappreciate our appearance and wealth,
but the only one whose appreciation is
worth getting is Allah
4. They should reject any form or degree of
hypocrisy or showing off and develop
sincerity of faith and intention, keepingin mind: Whether you hide whatever is
in your hearts or reveal it, God knows it
all. (Al Quran 3:29)
5. They should do all noble deeds with the
pure intention of earning Gods pleasure
and not for showing off to others.
(b)(a)
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