![Page 1: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Dr. Puvaneswari
Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology
Kawalan TB/Kusta
Jabatan Kesihatan Negeri Perak
![Page 2: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
{{
DO YOU DO YOU KNOW KNOW WHATWHAT
{{TUBERCULOSIS (TB)TUBERCULOSIS (TB)
IS ?IS ?
![Page 3: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
TB induced skeletal defects
as early as 8000BC
TIME IMMEMORIALTIME IMMEMORIAL
Hippocrates called it “phthisis”
in 460BC (coughing out blood)
![Page 5: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
GAMBAR KUMAN TBGAMBAR KUMAN TB
Kuman kuman TB berwarna merah Kuman kuman TB berwarna merah Kuman kuman TB berwarna merah Kuman kuman TB berwarna merah
(dilihat dengan mikroskop)(dilihat dengan mikroskop)(dilihat dengan mikroskop)(dilihat dengan mikroskop)
![Page 6: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
PenyakitPenyakitPenyakitPenyakitPenyakitPenyakitPenyakitPenyakit TB di TB di TB di TB di TB di TB di TB di TB di sebabkansebabkansebabkansebabkansebabkansebabkansebabkansebabkan
oleholeholeholeholeholeholeholeh sejenissejenissejenissejenissejenissejenissejenissejenis kumankumankumankumankumankumankumankuman
‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’‘TUBERCLE BACILLUS’
Kuman ini hanya boleh dilihat dengan Kuman ini hanya boleh dilihat dengan Kuman ini hanya boleh dilihat dengan Kuman ini hanya boleh dilihat dengan
mikroskopmikroskopmikroskopmikroskopmikroskopmikroskopmikroskopmikroskop
![Page 7: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
BATUKBATUKBATUKBATUK ––––
LEBIH DARI 2 MINGGU LEBIH DARI 2 MINGGU LEBIH DARI 2 MINGGU LEBIH DARI 2 MINGGU
BERPELUHBERPELUHBERPELUHBERPELUH
• PesakitPesakitPesakitPesakit berpeluh di sebelah berpeluh di sebelah berpeluh di sebelah berpeluh di sebelah
petang atau malampetang atau malampetang atau malampetang atau malam
Kahak berdarahKahak berdarahKahak berdarahKahak berdarah
SAKIT DADASAKIT DADASAKIT DADASAKIT DADA
Sakit dada adalah satu Sakit dada adalah satu Sakit dada adalah satu Sakit dada adalah satu
tanda penyakit TBtanda penyakit TBtanda penyakit TBtanda penyakit TB
![Page 8: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
-SUSUT BERAT BADAN
- LETIH LESU
- DEMAM
TANDA TANDA LAINTANDA TANDA LAINTANDA TANDA LAINTANDA TANDA LAIN
- DEMAM
![Page 9: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SIGNS OF TBSIGNS OF TBCOUGHCOUGH
FEVERFEVER
LOSS OF LOSS OF
APPETITEAPPETITE
SWEATING
AT NIGHT
![Page 10: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
IF UNTREATEDIF UNTREATED
BLOODIN
SPUTUMSPUTUM
![Page 11: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
NIGHT
SWEATS
COUGH
FEVER
LOSS OF
WEIGHT
LOSS OF
APPETITE
WEIGHT
BLOOD IN
SPUTUM TIRED
THINK TB !!!THINK TB !!!THINK TB !!!THINK TB !!!
WEAK
![Page 12: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TB IS SPREAD FROM A
PERSON WHO HAS ACTIVE
TB
TO A PERSON IN CLOSE CONTACT TO A PERSON IN CLOSE CONTACT
FOR A PERIOD OF TIMEFOR A PERIOD OF TIME
TB patient Healthy person
![Page 14: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Gambar menunjukkan kuman TBGambar menunjukkan kuman TBGambar menunjukkan kuman TBGambar menunjukkan kuman TB
keluar daripada parukeluar daripada parukeluar daripada parukeluar daripada paru----paru ke paru ke paru ke paru ke
udaraudaraudaraudara
•Orang yang berhubungOrang yang berhubungOrang yang berhubungOrang yang berhubung
rrrraaaappppaaaatttt ddddeeeennnnggggaaaannnn ppppeeeessssaaaakkkkiiiitttt TTTTBBBB Pesakit TBPesakit TBPesakit TBPesakit TB
Biasanya orangBiasanya orangBiasanya orangBiasanya orang----orang yang berhubung rapat dengan orang yang berhubung rapat dengan orang yang berhubung rapat dengan orang yang berhubung rapat dengan pesakit TB (keluarga, kawan rapat) mudah dijangkiti pesakit TB (keluarga, kawan rapat) mudah dijangkiti pesakit TB (keluarga, kawan rapat) mudah dijangkiti pesakit TB (keluarga, kawan rapat) mudah dijangkiti
kuman TBkuman TBkuman TBkuman TB
![Page 15: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
��Only people who are sick Only people who are sick with TB disease can spread with TB disease can spread TB.TB.
RememberRemember !!
TB.TB.
��TB is a disease that TB is a disease that can be prevented and can be prevented and cured. cured.
![Page 16: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
TB CAN BE CUREDTB CAN BE CUREDTB CAN BE CUREDTB CAN BE CUREDTB CAN BE CUREDTB CAN BE CUREDTB CAN BE CUREDTB CAN BE CURED
![Page 17: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
MEREKA YANG BERISIKO MEREKA YANG BERISIKO MEREKA YANG BERISIKO MEREKA YANG BERISIKO
TINGGITINGGITINGGITINGGI
AHLI AHLI KELUARGAAHLI AHLI KELUARGAAHLI AHLI KELUARGAAHLI AHLI KELUARGA
PESAKIT TBPESAKIT TBPESAKIT TBPESAKIT TBORANGORANGORANGORANG----ORANG YANG ORANG YANG ORANG YANG ORANG YANG
BERKERJA RAPATBERKERJA RAPATBERKERJA RAPATBERKERJA RAPAT
(BERKERJA DI TEMPAT (BERKERJA DI TEMPAT (BERKERJA DI TEMPAT (BERKERJA DI TEMPAT
YANG SAMA DENGAN YANG SAMA DENGAN YANG SAMA DENGAN YANG SAMA DENGAN
PESAKIT TB)PESAKIT TB)PESAKIT TB)PESAKIT TB)
Kerana sentiasa berhubung rapatKerana sentiasa berhubung rapatKerana sentiasa berhubung rapatKerana sentiasa berhubung rapat
![Page 18: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
INCIDENCE RATE OF ALL FORMS OF TB,INCIDENCE RATE OF ALL FORMS OF TB,MALAYSIA / PERAK 1993 MALAYSIA / PERAK 1993 –– 20122012
59.858
6163.6 63.6
65.6 64.762.3
58.7
63.560.3 61.5 62.6 61.9 63.1 63.9
66.9
72.3
78.7
49.2 47.949.9 50 50.7 50.9 52.3
50.1 51.2
56.9
63.68
60
70
80
90
42.4 43.339.9
46.649.2 47.9
49.946.2
42.646.6
50 50.7 50.153.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
Malaysia Perak
![Page 19: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
TB-Occurrence in Perak
910 9941113 1143 11621210 1160
12501389 1309
1554
555 566667 658 647
734 745 775873 849
957
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
To
tal
No. o
f C
ase
s
555 566
0
200
400
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
To
tal
No. o
f C
ase
s
Year
Total No of TB cases Sputum AFB Positive
![Page 20: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
CasesCasesCasesCases1014101410141014
deathsdeathsdeathsdeaths139139139139
507507
69
![Page 21: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
HOW TO PREVENT THE HOW TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF TBSPREAD OF TB
IF YOU HAVE TB – TAKE THE
FULL COURSE OF TREATMENTFULL COURSE OF TREATMENT
IF YOU HAVE SIGNS OF TB
SEE A DOCTOR EARLY
![Page 22: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
TB ….. chest XTB ….. chest X--ray:ray:
If you have a
COUGH for
more than 2
WEEKS , get a WEEKS , get a
chest x-ray and
make sure you do
not have TB
disease.
![Page 23: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Have your sputum
checked
![Page 25: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
TB Prevention & ProtectionTB Prevention & Protection--With your help …… we can
![Page 26: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
EARLY EARLY
DIAGNOSISDIAGNOSIS
FULL TREATMENTFULL TREATMENT
CURECURECURECURECURECURECURECURE
FULL TREATMENTFULL TREATMENT
![Page 27: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Spt AFB >50/L
![Page 28: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
And you won’t
spread the
disease
to others
![Page 29: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
JANGAN JANGAN JANGAN JANGAN JANGAN JANGAN JANGAN JANGAN
BIARKAN DIRI BIARKAN DIRI BIARKAN DIRI BIARKAN DIRI BIARKAN DIRI BIARKAN DIRI BIARKAN DIRI BIARKAN DIRI
ANDA DIKUASAI ANDA DIKUASAI ANDA DIKUASAI ANDA DIKUASAI ANDA DIKUASAI ANDA DIKUASAI ANDA DIKUASAI ANDA DIKUASAI
OLEH ROKOKOLEH ROKOKOLEH ROKOKOLEH ROKOKOLEH ROKOKOLEH ROKOKOLEH ROKOKOLEH ROKOK
Jangan Jangan Jangan Jangan Jangan Jangan Jangan Jangan
lupa lupa lupa lupa lupa lupa lupa lupa
bersenambersenambersenambersenambersenambersenambersenambersenam
![Page 30: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Hindari TB Sepanjang Hayat
![Page 32: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
“ EVERYONE WHO BREATHES “ EVERYONE WHO BREATHES AIR, FROM WALL STREET TO AIR, FROM WALL STREET TO THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA, THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA, THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA, THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA, NEEDS TO WORRY ABOUT NEEDS TO WORRY ABOUT THE RISK OF TUBERCULOSIS”THE RISK OF TUBERCULOSIS”
(World Health Organization)(World Health Organization)
![Page 33: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
DOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTS
TB EpidemicTB EpidemicTB EpidemicTB EpidemicTB EpidemicTB EpidemicTB EpidemicTB Epidemic
DOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTSDOTS
HIV EpidemicHIV EpidemicHIV EpidemicHIV EpidemicHIV EpidemicHIV EpidemicHIV EpidemicHIV Epidemic
![Page 35: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Why are TB cases “undetected”?Why are TB cases “undetected”?estimated TB cases
all true TB cases
cases presenting
to health facilities
cases presenting to
public health facilitiespublic health facilities
cases presenting to
DOTS facilities
cases correctly
diagnosed by DOTS
facilities
diagnosed cases
reported by DOTS
facilities
![Page 36: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Important in TB Control Prog.
HospitalKesihatan
![Page 37: Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology …jknperak.moh.gov.my/v4/images/stories/cme/cme2013/nota-cme-apr20… · Dr. Puvaneswari Pegawai Kesihatan Epidemiology Kawalan TB/Kusta](https://reader031.vdokumen.net/reader031/viewer/2022013113/5a7914477f8b9a9a188bb716/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)