1

SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN

KUALA LUMPUR

ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS

PROJECT WORK

TASK 1/2015

HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE SURVEY(HES)

NAME :

CLASS : 5 DIAMOND

IC NUMBER :

TEACHER NAME : EN. WONG

Contents

No. Content Page Remark

2

1 Introduction

2

PART AFAMILY

MONTHLY INCOME AND ITS MONTHLY ALLOCCATION

I Statistical graphs

II Mean and standard deviation

III Comments

3

PART BFAMILY

MONTHLY INCOME AND ITS MONTHLY ALLOCATION

FORM 5 OF MY FRIENDS

I Data in table form

IICompare and comment about finding

III

Line graph and bar chart:Education and recreation for six families

Comments

IV

Mean, standard deviation for education and recreation

Comments

4

PART CMONTHLY

INCOME WEIGHTAGE IN

DEFREE FOR SIX FAMILIES

IPie chart, bar chart and ratio form

II Change in monthly income

5FURTHER

EXPLOTATION

I20 Richest And 20 Poorest Countries In The World And Their Literal Level

II Conclusion

6 REFLECTION

Introduction

The Household Expenditure Survey (HES) was the first conducted in the year

1957/58. Beginning 1993/94 it was carried out an interval of live years and the

3

current survey was undertaken in 2001/9/2010. The survey is covered private

households in urban and rural areas.

The main objective of HES was to collect information on the level and

pattern of consumption expenditure by households on a comprehensive range of

goods and services. This information served as the basis for determining the goods

and services to be included in the basket of the   Consumer Price Index (CPI). It was

also used to represent the expenditure pattern of households in Malaysia.

However, over the years, demand for data from the survey has increased and

it is now used for several purposes.   HES has becomes an invaluable source of

information for government and private sectors,researchers and university students.

4

Part A

Family Monthly Income And Its Monthly Allocation

Monthly

Income

(RM)

Number of

family

members

CategoriesAllocation of

Income (RM)

Allocation of

Income (%)

4000 3

Food 1200 30

Utility 650 16.25

Transportation 600 15

Education 550 13.75

Recreation 500 12.5

Others 500 12.5

Total 4000 100

5

Representation Of My Monthly Income By Using Three Different Statistical Graphs

Pie Chart

30%

16%

15%

14%

12%

12%

Allocation of Income (%)

FoodUtilityTransportationEducationRecreationOthers

6

Bar Graph

Food

Utility

Transp

ortation

Educati

on

Recrati

onOthers

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1200

650600

550 500 500

Allocation of Income(RM)

Allocation of Income(RM)

Utility

Transportation

Education

Recration

Others

Line Graph

Food Utility Transportation Education Recreation Others0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1200

650600

550500 500

Allocation of Income(RM)

Column1

7

The Mean And Standard Deviation Of Allocation Of Income

Mean Of Allocation Of Income

Method A

The mean of allocation of income is calculated by using Microsoft Excel,

Method B

The mean of allocation of income is calculated by using following formula,

CategoriesAllocation of

Income (RM)

Food 1200

Utility 650

Transportation 600

Education 550

Recreation 500

Others 500

Mean=666.67

x = ∑ x

N  , where

∑ x = Sum of all values of data N = Number of values of dataThus,

Mean = 1200+650+600+550+500+500

6

=4000

6 =666.667

8

Standard Deviation Of Allocation Of Income

Method A

The standard deviation of allocation of income is calculated by using following formula,

σ=√∑ x2

n−(x )2 , where

∑ x2 = Sum of squares of the values of data

n = Number of values of datax = MeanThus,

σ=√ ( 4000 )2

6−(666.67 )2

σ=√ 160000006

−444448.8889

σ=1490.710494

Method B

The standard deviation of allocation of income is calculated by using following formula,

σ=√∑ fx2

∑ f−( x)2 , where

x = Value of dataf = Frequencyx = MeanThus,

σ=√ ( 4000 )2

6−(666.67 )2

σ=√ 160000006

−444448.8889

σ=1490.710494

Comment

My family has spent the most allocation of income on food, which is RM

1200. We believe that healthy lifestyle is sustained by variety of food. So, we have

always buys nutritious food and supplements which have a high cost. Instead, my

family only used up RM500 which is the least money among the other categories on

recreation. We are living in an urban lifestyle that busy of works and studies.

9

Part B

Monthly Income And Its Monthly Allocation From Five Of My Friends

FRIEND 1

Monthly Income

(RM)

Number of Family

Members

Categories Allocation of Income (RM)

Allocation of Income (%)

RM 3,000.00 5

Food 750.00 25.00Utility 200.00 6.67

Transportation

500.00 16.67

Education 1,000.00 33.33Recreation 250.00 8.30

Others 300.00 10.00Total 3,000.00 100.00

FRIEND 2

Monthly Income

(RM)

Number of Family

Members

Categories Allocation of Income (RM)

Allocation of Income (%)

RM 8,500.00 6

Food 800.00 9.41Utility 1,000.00 11.76

Transportation

800.00 9.41

Education 2,000.00 23.53Recreation 200.00 2.35

Others 3,700.00 43.5Total 8,500.00 100.00%

10

Friend 3

Monthly Income(RM)

Number of Family Member

s

Categories Allocation of Income (RM)

Allocation of Income (%)

RM10,556.15 6

Food 1,000.00 9.47Utility 500.00 4.74

Transportation 500.00 4.74Education 1,000.00 9.47Recreation 500.00 4.74

Others 7,056.15 66.84Total 10,556.15 100.00

FRIEND 4

Monthly Income(RM)

Number of Family Member

s

Categories Allocation of Income (RM)

Allocation of Income (%)

RM 8000.00 4

Food 1,000.00 12.50Utility 800.00 10.00

Transportation 500.00 6.25Education 2,000.00 25.00Recreation 1,500.00 18.75

Others 2,2000.00 27.50Total 8,000.00 100.00

FRIEND 5

11

Monthly Income(RM)

Number of Family Member

s

Categories Allocation of Income (RM)

Allocation of Income (%)

RM 12,000.00 5

Food 2,000.00 16.67Utility 1,000.00 8.30

Transportation 1,000.00 8.30Education 3,000.00 25.00Recreation 2,000.00 16.67

Others 3,000.00 25.00Total 12,000.00 100.00

12

COMPARISON ABOUT MY FINDINGS

Family Monthly Income

(RM)

Number of

Family Member

s

Categories Allocation of monthly

income (RM)

Food Utility Transportation

Education

Recreatio

n

Others

FRIEND 1 3,000.00

5 750 200 500 1000

250 300 RM3,000.00

FRIEND 2 8,500.00

6 800 1000 800 2000

200 3700 RM8,500.00

FRIEND 3 10,556.15

6 1000

500 500 1000

500 7056.15

RM10,556.15

FRIEND 4 8,000.00

4 1000

800 500 2000

1500 2200 RM8,000.00

FRIEND 5 12,000.00

5 2000

1000 1000 3000

2000 3000 RM12,000.00

Comment

FRIEND 5's family has the highest monthly income which is RM12, 000.00 based on my

findings. FRIEND 1's family has the lowest monthly income which is RM 3000.00 in a month.

As a comparison, FRIEND 5’s family is the richest among the others friends. While the poorest

among the others friends is FRIEND 1.

13

RE PRESENTATION OF EDUCATION AND RECREATION CATEGORIES FOR SIX FAMILIES

A)

My Family FRIEND 1's Family

FRIEND 2's Family

FRIEND 3's Family

FRIEND 4's Family

FRIEND 5's Family

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Education and Recreation Categories for Six Families

EducationRecreation

Family

Allo

catio

n of

Inco

me,

RM

B)

14

My Family FRIEND 1's Family

FRIEND 2's Family

FRIEND 3's Family

FRIEND 4's Family

FRIEND 5's Family

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Education and Recreation Categories for Six Families

EducationRecreation

Family

Allo

catio

n of

Inco

me,

RM

Comment

FRIEND 5's and FRIEND 2's family spend the most on education

category. Their families are built up by educated people. So, they think that

education has play a very important role in their life.

FRIEND 4's and FRIEND 5's family also spend the most on recreation

category compared to the other families. It is a must for them to enjoy their

lives by travelling during every holiday.

15

The Mean And Standard Deviation For Education Category

Mean For Education Category

Method A

The mean for education category is calculated by using Microsoft Excel,

Mean= 1591.667

Method B

The mean of for education category is calculated by using following formula,

x = ∑ x

N  , where

∑ x = Sum of all values of data N = Number of values of dataThus,

Mean = 550+1000+2000+1000+2000+3000

6

=9550

6 =1591.667

Family Education CategoryMy Family 550FRIEND 1 1000FRIEND 2 2000FRIEND 3 1000FRIEND 4 2000FRIEND 5 3000

16

Standard Deviation For Education Category

Method A

The standard deviation for education category is calculated by using following formula,

σ=√∑ x2

n−(x )2 , where

∑ x2 = Sum of squares of the values of datan = Number of values of datax = MeanThus,

σ=√ ( 9550 )2

6− (1591.667 )2

σ=√ 912025006

−2533403.839

σ=3559.074715

Method B

The standard deviation for education category is calculated by using following formula,

σ=√∑ fx2

∑ f−( x)2 , where

x = Value of dataf = Frequencyx = MeanThus,

σ=√ ( 9550 )2

6− (1591.667 )2

σ=√ 912025006

−2533403.839

σ=3559.074715

17

The Mean And Standard Deviation For Recreation Category

Mean For Recreation Category

Method A

The mean for recreation category is calculated by using Microsoft Excel,Family Recreation CategoryMy Family 500FRIEND 1 250FRIEND 2 200FRIEND 3 500FRIEND 4 1500FRIEND 5 2000

Mean=825

Method B

The mean for recreation category is calculated by using following formula,

x = ∑ x

N  , where

∑ x = Sum of all values of data N = Number of values of dataThus,

Mean = 500+250+200+500+1500+2000

6

=4950

6 =825

18

Standard Deviation For Recreation Category

Method A

The standard deviation for recreation category is calculated by using following formula,

σ=√∑ x2

n−(x )2 , where

∑ x2 = Sum of squares of the values of datan = Number of values of datax = MeanThus,

σ=√ ( 4650 )2

6−(825 )2

σ=√ 216225006

−725904

σ=1709.714889

Method B

The standard deviation for recreation category is calculated by using followingformula,

σ=√∑ fx2

∑ f−( x)2 , where

x = Value of dataf = Frequencyx = MeanThus,

σ=√ ( 4650 )2

6−(825 )2

σ=√ 216225006

−725904

σ=1709.714889

CommentAll of the six families have spent more income on education compared

to recreation. All of them have placed education on the first role so that they can brighten their future.

19

Part C

Weightage In Degrees For Each Category Based On The Monthly Income For My Family And Five Of My

Friends

Familiy Categories Allocation of

monthly income in

degree

Food Utility Transportation

Education

Recreation

Others

My Family

108' 58.5' 54' 49.5' 45' 45' 360'

FRIEND 1 90' 24' 60' 120' 30' 36' 360'FRIEND 2 33.8

8'42.35' 33.88' 84.71' 8.47' 156.7' 360'

FRIEND 3 34.1'

17.05' 34.1' 34.1' 17.05' 240.6' 360'

FRIEND 4 45' 36' 22.5' 90' 67.5' 99' 360'FRIEND 5 60' 30' 30' 90' 60' 90' 360'

20

Representation Of The Weightage In Degree Of Any Two Families In The Form Of Pie Chart, Another Two Families

in The Form of Bar Chart and Another Two Families in The Ratio Form

The Weightages in Degree of My Family and FRIEND 1’s Family in The Form of Pie Chart

108

58.554

49.5

45

45

Allocation of my family monthly income in degree

FoodUtilityTransportationEducationRecreationOthers

90

24

60120

3036

Allocation of FRIEND 1'smonthly income in degree

FoodUtilityTransportationEducationRecreationOthers

21

The Weightages in Degree of FRIEND 2's Family and FRIEND 3's Family in The Form of Bar Chart

Food

Utility

Transp

ortation

Educati

on

Recrea

tion

Others0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

33.8842.35

33.88

84.71

8.47

156.7

0

Allocation of FRIEND 2's monthly income in degree

Allocation of monthly income in degree

Categories

Allo

catio

n of

Mon

thly

Inco

me

in D

egre

e

Food

Utility

Transp

ortation

Educati

on

Recrea

tion

Others0

50

100

150

200

250

300

34.117.05

34.1 34.117.05

240.6

Allocation of FRIEND 3's monthly income in degree

Allocation of monthly income in degree

Categories

Allo

catio

n of

Mon

thly

Inco

me

in D

egre

e

The Weightage in Degree of FRIEND 4's Family and FRIEND 5's

22

Family in The Ratio Form.

Family CategoryFood Utility Transport

ationEducatio

nRecreati

onOthers

FRIEND 4 45' 36' 22.5' 90' 67.5 99'10 8 5 20 15 22

FRIEND 5 60' 30' 30' 90' 60' 90'2 1 1 3 2 3

The weightages in degrees of FRIEND 4 in the form of ratio;

45:36:22.5:90:67.5:99

=10:8:5:20:15:22

The weightages in degrees of FRIEND 5 in the form of ratio;

60:30:30:90:60:90

= 2:1:1:3:2:3

The Corresponding Expected Monthly Income From The Information Given For Me And Five Of My

Friends

23

Family Categories Alocation of

Income (RM)

Food Utility Transportation

Education

Recreation

Others

My Family

1320

682.5 600 566.5 510 550 4229

FRIEND 1 825 210 500 1030 245 330 3140FRIEND 2 880 1050 800 2060 196 4070 9056FRIEND 3 110

0525 500 1030 480 7761.1

511396.7

7FRIEND 4 110

0840 500 2060 1470 2420 8390

FRIEND 5 2200

1050 1000 3090 2940 3300 13580

Further Explorations

20 Richest Countries And Their Literate Level

24

Name Of 20 Richest Countries According to Ranking

Literate Level. (%)

United States 99.00%Japan 99.00%

Germany 99.00%China 94.00%

United Kingdom 99.00%France 99.00%Italy 98.40%Spain 97.70%

Canada 99.00%Brazil 90.40%India 73.00%

South Korea 97.90%Mexico 86.10%

Russian Federation 99.60%Autralia 99.00%

Netherlands 99.00%Switzerland 99.00%

Poland 99.50%Turkey 95.20%

Sweden 99.00%

25

20 Poorest Countries And Their Literate Level

Name Of 20 Poorest Countries According to Ranking

Literate Level.(%)

Congo 66.80%Liberia 60.80%Burundi 67.20%

Zimbabwe 90.70%Eritea 80.00%

Central African Republic 56.00%Niger 28.70%

Sierra Leone 35.14%Malawi 74.80%Togo 60.90%

Madagascar 64.50%Afghanistan 34.00%Mozambique 56.10%

Guinea 41.00%Ethiopia 42.70%

Guinea Bissau 54.20%Comoros 74.90%

Haiti 61.00%Uganda 66.80%Rwanda 71.10%

26

Conclusion According to my research, the country that has a higher literacy level is

usually richer than the country that has a lower literacy level.

The lists were arranged with 20 Richest and 20 Poorest countries based on

their countries income. Almost all of the top 20 richest country have 90's %

of literacy level. While the 20 Poorest countries have low literacy level which

is between 30's % to 60's % except for several country such as Zimbabwe

and Eritea.

27

Reflection

All knowledge requires a lot of wise and diligent people to expand a certain

principle, so do the Household Expenditure Survey (HES). Humans are created to

complete and correct each other. Concepts in HES help us to understand and

acknowledge our monthly expenditure in daily life. For example, with the help of a

statistical graph, we can easily understand the flow of money clearly. Also, when

conducting this project, I realized that concepts in HES are widely implemented

throughout our lives directly and indirectly as well. Therefore, I think knowledge of

HES is indeed very important. Every person who is given opportunity to learn this

subject should be grateful and make full use of the knowledge by practicing it in

daily lives. However, some people just do no notice the importance of those

concepts, similar to peoples described in Sophie Doomknuckle’s poem, ‘See’.

You can’t see themBut I can

They’re everywhereYour fingers just traced eight of them

Unnoticed by you But not me

I count them every dayEven though

You can’t see them

28

Lastly, knowledge in this subject helps us to keep doing a lot of things in our

lives. I my opinion, Matthew Miklavcie’s poem, ‘Invincible’, metaphorically

reflects the importance of this subject.

I stand next to you,Watching and learning

I move things,When you need them moved

I tell you an idea, When you are looking for one

I help you with things,When you need it,

But even this goes unnoticed.