by shebin.a.khalam

8/14/2019 By Shebin.a.khalam

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BLUETOOTH

by

SHEBIN.A.KHALAM


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What is Bluetooth?What is Bluetooth?

A wireless technology that wasA wireless technology that was

introduced five years ago;introduced five years ago;

It was designed to replace cablesIt was designed to replace cablesthat connect electronic equipmentthat connect electronic equipment


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FeaturesFeatures

InexpensiveInexpensive Doesnt require anything special toDoesnt require anything special to

make it workmake it work It communicates on a frequency ofIt communicates on a frequency of

2.45 Ghz (the same frequency as2.45 Ghz (the same frequency asbaby monitors and garage doorbaby monitors and garage door

openersopeners Uses low power and spread-spectrumUses low power and spread-spectrum

frequency hoppingfrequency hopping


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Future FeaturesFuture Features

Further power optimizationFurther power optimization

Security enhancementsSecurity enhancements

Quality of serviceQuality of service


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Interference Avoidance Method #1Interference Avoidance Method #1

Low powerLow power

Limits the range to about 10 metersLimits the range to about 10 meters

Signal is weak at 1 milliwatt (comparedSignal is weak at 1 milliwatt (compared

to cell phones at 3 watts)to cell phones at 3 watts)


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Interference Avoidance Method #2Interference Avoidance Method #2

Spread-Spectrum Frequency HoppingSpread-Spectrum Frequency Hopping

Uses 79 individual, randomly chosen frequencies within aUses 79 individual, randomly chosen frequencies within a

designated range (compared to Japan, which uses 23 frequencies)designated range (compared to Japan, which uses 23 frequencies)

Changes frequencies 1,600 times every secondChanges frequencies 1,600 times every second

Each channel is divided into time slots 625 microseconds longEach channel is divided into time slots 625 microseconds long


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Bluetooth/ZigBeeBluetooth/ZigBee

SimilaritiesSimilarities

Both:Both:

Are types of IEEE 802.5 wirelessAre types of IEEE 802.5 wireless

personal-area networkspersonal-area networks

Run in the 2.4 Ghz frequency bandRun in the 2.4 Ghz frequency band

Use small form factors and low powerUse small form factors and low power


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DifferencesDifferences Modulation techniqueModulation technique

B: Frequency Hopping Spread SpectrumB: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Z: Direct Sequence Spread HoppingZ: Direct Sequence Spread Hopping

Protocol stack sizeProtocol stack size B: 250 kbyteB: 250 kbyte Z: 28 kbyteZ: 28 kbyte

BatteryBattery B: intended for frequent rechargingB: intended for frequent recharging Z: not rechargeableZ: not rechargeable

Maximum network speedMaximum network speed B: 1 Mbit/sB: 1 Mbit/s Z: 250 kbits/sZ: 250 kbits/s

Network rangeNetwork range B: 1 or 100 metersB: 1 or 100 meters

Z: up to 70 metersZ: up to 70 meters Typical network join timeTypical network join time

B: 3 secondsB: 3 seconds Z: 30 milisecondsZ: 30 miliseconds


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Bluetooth is aimed toward:Bluetooth is aimed toward:

User mobilityUser mobility

Eliminating short distance cablingEliminating short distance cabling

ZigBee is aimed toward:ZigBee is aimed toward:

More grand-scale automationMore grand-scale automation

Remote controlRemote control


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SecuritySecurity

Bluetooth Security Experts Group:Bluetooth Security Experts Group:

A group of engineers from the memberA group of engineers from the member

companies that make up the Bluetoothcompanies that make up the Bluetooth

Special Interest GroupSpecial Interest Group

Provide critical security information andProvide critical security information and

feedback as the specification evolvesfeedback as the specification evolves


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SecuritySecurity

Product developers have severalProduct developers have several

options for implementing security:options for implementing security:

Three modes of security for BluetoothThree modes of security for Bluetooth

access between two devices:access between two devices: Non-secureNon-secure

Service-level enforcedService-level enforced

Link-level enforcedLink-level enforced


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SecuritySecurity

Bluetooth devices have two levels of security:Bluetooth devices have two levels of security:

Trusted device has unrestricted access to allTrusted device has unrestricted access to all

servicesservices

Untrusted deviceUntrusted device

Services have three levels of security:Services have three levels of security:

Those that require authorization andThose that require authorization and

authenticationauthentication

Those that require authorization onlyThose that require authorization only Those that are open to all devicesThose that are open to all devices


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Security Breaches:Security Breaches:

BluebuggingBluebugging

Allows skilled individuals to access theAllows skilled individuals to access the

mobile phone commands using Bluetoothmobile phone commands using Bluetooth

wireless technology without notifying orwireless technology without notifying or

alerting the phones user as long as thealerting the phones user as long as thehacker is within a 10 meter range of thehacker is within a 10 meter range of the

phonephone

Allows the hacker to initiate phone calls,Allows the hacker to initiate phone calls,

read and write phonebook contacts, eavesdropread and write phonebook contacts, eavesdrop

on conversations and connect to the Interneton conversations and connect to the Internet


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Security Breaches:Security Breaches:

BluesnarfingBluesnarfing

Allows hackers to gain access to data stored onAllows hackers to gain access to data stored onBluetooth enabled phone using Bluetooth wirelessBluetooth enabled phone using Bluetooth wirelesstechnology without alerting the phones user of thetechnology without alerting the phones user of theconnection madeconnection made

Without specialized equipment, the hacker must be inWithout specialized equipment, the hacker must be ina 10 meter range of the device while running aa 10 meter range of the device while running adevice with specialized softwaredevice with specialized software

Only specific older Bluetooth enabled phones areOnly specific older Bluetooth enabled phones aresusceptible ker is within a 10 meter range of thesusceptible ker is within a 10 meter range of thephonephone


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Security SolutionsSecurity Solutions

The manufacturers of the vulnerableThe manufacturers of the vulnerable

phones have developed softwarephones have developed software

patches to fix the problempatches to fix the problem

The device can be set to the non-The device can be set to the non-

discoverable mode when not usingdiscoverable mode when not using

Bluetooth technology or when in anBluetooth technology or when in an

unknown areaunknown area


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ReferencesReferences

http://www.wirelessip.infohttp://www.wirelessip.info>> http://www.electronics.howstuffworks.com/bluetoothhttp://www.electronics.howstuffworks.com/bluetooth http://www.rockymountainnews.comhttp://www.rockymountainnews.com http://www.techworld.comhttp://www.techworld.com

http://www.palowireless.comhttp://www.palowireless.com http://www.businessweek.comhttp://www.businessweek.com http://www.bluetooth.comhttp://www.bluetooth.com
http://www.wirelessip.info/http://www.wirelessip.info/http://www.electronics.howstuffworks.com/bluetoothhttp://www.electronics.howstuffworks.com/bluetoothhttp://www.techworld.com/http://www.techworld.com/http://www.palowireless.com/http://www.palowireless.com/http://www.businessweek.com/http://www.businessweek.com/http://www.businessweek.com/http://www.palowireless.com/http://www.techworld.com/http://www.electronics.howstuffworks.com/bluetoothhttp://www.wirelessip.info/


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Thank you!!!Thank you!!!

by shebin.a.khalam

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