BASIC CONCEPT OF GRAPHIC

By: Muhammad Amirul Izzat bin Roszaki

TUGASAN 5:

• Jelaskan prinsip-prinsip asas grafik. Nyatakan apa jenis-jenis grafik (ciri-ciri grafik) yang dapat memberi maksudkan yang hendak disampaikan dengan lebih baik. Huraikan bagaimana sesuatu grafik itu memberi kesan kepada proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran.

DEFINITION OF GRAPHIC:

• Graphic: A combination of photographs, sketches, drawings, letters, figures, symbols, words or images that become a media to provide and translate ideas from introductory information to the receiver in the teaching and learning process

• Also known as visual communication using the text or picture to deliver message or information.

BASIC TOOLS FOR GRAPHIC

• Creativity• Eyes• Hand• Traditional tools (pencil and ink)• Computer• Scanner• Digital camera/digital camcorder• Printer

BASIC ELEMENTS OF GRAPHIC

• Dot - The main drivers for some form. - Indicate a position in space.- Does not have length or width, static, has no direction, relatively independent, and became the centre of an element.

• Line- merger of two points who have a certain distance. - Combination of line forming 2D and 3D images.

Geometric appearance – have fix border

Organic appearance - independent, do not have angle and fixed borders (abstract).

• Surface - a few lines at a position either vertically or horizontally. - Examples:

*on the surface (roof)* vertical surfaces (walls) * below the surface (floor / ground).

• Form- has area, height, mass and more than one surface.

• Space - an empty area who are around an object which is also referred as the distance between two objects.

* Real space - space that present in the concrete forms: actual objects-3D.

* Visible space - space resurgent illusion, 2D eg: pictures, paintings etc.

• Colour- simplifies or accentuate the clarity of visuals. - Orange, red and yellow = bright colours, linked with sunshine and fire. These colours may create active effects, arouse a sense of feelings, brighten an environment, give a sense of closeness, anger, strength and a sense of spirit. Hence, these colours are normally used in works of art of festivals and celebrations.

• Blue, purple and green = Cool or soothing colours. These are linked to nature such as sky, sea, water and plants. These colours may give the expression of calmness, gentleness, peacefulness or melancholy which resulted in passive effects. While white colour signifies purity and originality.

• Basic colors - Blue, Red and Yellow.• Secondary colors - Yellow + Blue = Green /

Red + Blue = Purple / Yellow + Red = Orange.• Tertiary colors - Color Basic + Secondary Color.

*Function of colour- Give effect or certain influence - Create a sense of harmony.

PRINCIPLES OF GRAPHIC

CONTRAST

ALIGNMENT

SIMLPICITY

PROXIMITY

EMPHASIS

REPITITION

a) Contrast

• Contrast occurs when there are two different elements.

• The main idea is to make the difference looks obvious.

• Eg: contrast among small and large fonts, fine and coarse lines and, soothing and bright colours. The effectiveness lies in attracting attention towards a design.

b) Alignment

• Alignment is the layout of graphic elements that are attractively arranged.

• Formal alignment shows equal division among two visual parts, either left and right or top and bottom.

• Informal alignment may have the same amount of load at either sides, left and right or top and bottom but may not necessary have the same division in terms of shape or location.

c) Simplicity • Simplicity limits fast understanding to the idea

in a design. • It is advisable to dislay one thing at a time as

too much ideas tends to be confusing.

d) Proximity• Proximity is the grouping of related elements

so that it appears near and seen as one united group.

d)Emphasis

• When an idea is emphasised it becomes a centre of attention and main focus.

• To emphasis:- Use larger font- Use contrast colour/shape- Use perfect lighting

e) Repetition

• This principle maintains the consistency of graphic elements in displays.

• The elements may be darkened fonts, rough lines, same bullets, colours, elements of the design, format, space and others.

TYPOGRAPHY• A knowledge in the selection and arrangement

of font on the available spaces to create certain effects to help readers feel more comfortable to read whenever possible.

i. Font Style

ii. Font size: normal size - 6 to 72 points.

THE END