7.0 simple mechine

21
Science Year 6 By Haji Nasaruddin b. Shaarani SK Sri Tiram, Tanjong Karang

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Page 1: 7.0 simple mechine

Science Year 6

By

Haji Nasaruddin b. Shaarani SK Sri Tiram, Tanjong Karang

Page 2: 7.0 simple mechine

• A simple machine is a tool that helps make work easier. [Mesin ringkas ialah alat yang membantu kita memudahkan kerja]

• Simple machines allow us to use less force to make work easier or faster. [Mesin ringkas membolehkan kita menggunakan daya yang kurang untuk menjadikan kerja lebih mudah atau lebih cepat]

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The Kinds of Simple Machine• Wheel and axle – Roda dan gandar• Lever – Tuas• Wedge – Baji• Pulley – Takal• Gear – Gear• Inclined plane – Satah condong• Screw - Skru

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Wheel and Axle• A wheel and axle is made of a rod

called axle, attached to the centre of a wheel.[Roda dan gandar terdiri daripada sebatang rod yang dipanggil gandar, yang dipasang di tengah-tengah roda].

• The wheel turns around the axle. [Roda berputar disekeliling gandar].

• A wheel and axle move or turn an object. [Roda dan gandar menggerakkan atau memutarkan objek].

• The wheel usually bigger than the axle. [Roda biasanya lebih besar daripada gandar].

• This can reduce the the force needed to do work. [ Ini dapat mengurangkan daya yang diperlukan untuk melalkukan kerja].

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Wheel and Axle - Examples

Egg beater

Hand drill

Screw driver

Tap

Hand drill

Car spanner

Roller blade

Lock set

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Lever• A simple machine made of a bar.[Mesin ringkas

yang terdiri daripada sebatang rod].

• The lever moves back and forth on a point called fulcrum. [Tuas bergerak ke atas dan ke bawah pada satu titik di panggil fulkrum].

• The fulcrum supports the lever. [Fulkrum menyokong tuas]

• Levers helps us to move objects. [Tuas membantu kita menggerakkan objek].

• The object that we want to move is called a load. [Objek yang hendak digerakkan dipanggil beban]

• The force needed to move the load is called effort. [Daya yang diperlukan untuk menggerakkan beban dipanggil usaha]

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The position of the fulcrum determines the amount of effort needed to move the loadIf the fulcrum is placed near the load, small force is needed to move the load.

If the fulcrum is placed far from the load, big force is needed to move the load.

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Page 9: 7.0 simple mechine

Lever - Examples

Page 10: 7.0 simple mechine

Lever - Examples

Page 11: 7.0 simple mechine

Lever - Examples

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Wedge• Is made of two inclined planes that

come together. [ Terdiri daripada dua satah condong yang bercantum].

• Are used to push or split objects apart. [Digunakan untuk menolak atau memisahkan objek]

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Wedge-Examples

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Pulley• Is a rope or chain wrapped around the

edge of a wheel. [Ialah tali atau rantai yang dililitkan pada alur beroda].

• Pulley move an object up, down or sideways- help to reduce the amount of force needed to lift a load. [ Takal menggerakkan objek ke atas, ke bawah atau ke sisi].

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Pulley-Examples

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Gear• Is a wheel with jagged edges like teeth. [Ialah roda yang bergerigi seperti gigi].

•Used to changes the speed or direction of movements. [ Digunakan untuk mengubah kelajuan atau arah gerakan].

•Gears rotate in the opposite direction to one another. [Gear berputar dalam arah bertentangan antara satu sama lain].

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Gear-Examples

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Incline Plane• A simple machine with flat surface. [Mesin ringkas yang

mempunyai permukaan rata].

• One end of an inclined plane is higher than the other end. [Satu hujung satah lebih tinggi daripada hujung yang satu lagi].

• Help people move objects to a higher or lower place. [Membantu kita menggerakkan objek ke tempat lebih tinggi atau lebih rendah].

• If the ramp is steeper, more force needed to move object. [Jika landasan lebih curam, maka daya yang besar diperlukan bagi menggerakkan objek].

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Incline Plane-Examples

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Screw• An inclined plane wrapped around a

rod. [Sebatang rod yang dililit oleh satah condong].

• Used to hold objects together. [Digunakan untuk mencantumkan objek].

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Screw - Examples